memgraph/docs/user_technical/tutorial__programmatic_querying.md

Programmatic Querying

Supported Languages

If users wish to query Memgraph programmatically, they can do so using the Bolt protocol. Bolt was designed for efficient communication with graph databases and Memgraph supports Version 1 of the protocol. Bolt protocol drivers for some popular programming languages are listed below:

• Java
• Python
• JavaScript
• C#
• Ruby
• Haskell
• PHP

Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)

Secure connections are supported and enabled by default. The server initially ships with a self-signed testing certificate. The certificate can be replaced by editing the following parameters in /etc/memgraph/memgraph.conf:

--cert-file=/path/to/ssl/certificate.pem
--key-file=/path/to/ssl/privatekey.pem

To disable SSL support and use insecure connections to the database you should set both parameters (--cert-file and --key-file) to empty values.

Examples

In this article we have included some basic usage examples for the following supported languages:

• Python
• Java
• JavaScript
• C#

Examples for the languages listed above are equivalent.

Python Example

Neo4j officially supports Python for interacting with an openCypher and Bolt compliant database. For details consult the official documentation and the GitHub project.

The code snippet below outlines a basic usage example which connects to the database and executes a couple of elementary queries.

from neo4j.v1 import GraphDatabase, basic_auth

# Initialize and configure the driver.
#   * provide the correct URL where Memgraph is reachable;
#   * use an empty user name and password.
driver = GraphDatabase.driver("bolt://localhost:7687",
                              auth=basic_auth("", ""))

# Start a session in which queries are executed.
session = driver.session()

# Execute openCypher queries.
# After each query, call either `consume()` or `data()`
session.run('CREATE (alice:Person {name: "Alice", age: 22})').consume()

# Get all the vertices from the database (potentially multiple rows).
vertices = session.run('MATCH (n) RETURN n').data()
# Assuming we started with an empty database, we should have Alice
# as the only row in the results.
only_row = vertices.pop()
alice = only_row["n"]

# Print out what we retrieved.
print("Found a vertex with labels '{}', name '{}' and age {}".format(
  alice['name'], alice.labels, alice['age'])

# Remove all the data from the database.
session.run('MATCH (n) DETACH DELETE n').consume()

# Close the session and the driver.
session.close()
driver.close()

Java Example

The details about Java driver can be found on GitHub.

The code snippet below outlines a basic usage example which connects to the database and executes a couple of elementary queries.

import org.neo4j.driver.v1.*;
import org.neo4j.driver.v1.types.*;
import static org.neo4j.driver.v1.Values.parameters;
import java.util.*;

public class JavaQuickStart {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // Initialize driver.
        Config config = Config.build().toConfig();
        Driver driver = GraphDatabase.driver("bolt://localhost:7687",
                                             AuthTokens.basic("",""),
                                             config);
        // Execute basic queries.
        try (Session session = driver.session()) {
            StatementResult rs1 = session.run("MATCH (n) DETACH DELETE n");
            StatementResult rs2 = session.run(
                "CREATE (alice: Person {name: 'Alice', age: 22})");
            StatementResult rs3 = session.run( "MATCH (n) RETURN n");
            List<Record> records = rs3.list();
            Record record = records.get(0);
            Node node = record.get("n").asNode();
            System.out.println(node.get("name").asString());
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println(e);
            System.exit(1);
        }
        // Cleanup.
        driver.close();
    }
}

JavaScript Example

The details about Javascript driver can be found on GitHub.

Here is an example related to Node.js. Memgraph doesn't have integrated support for WebSocket which is required during the execution in any web browser. If you want to run openCypher queries from a web browser, websockify has to be up and running. Requests from web browsers are wrapped into WebSocket messages, and a proxy is needed to handle the overhead. The proxy has to be configured to point out to Memgraph's Bolt port and web browser driver has to send requests to the proxy port.

The code snippet below outlines a basic usage example which connects to the database and executes a couple of elementary queries.

var neo4j = require('neo4j-driver').v1;
var driver = neo4j.driver("bolt://localhost:7687",
                          neo4j.auth.basic("neo4j", "1234"));
var session = driver.session();

function die() {
  session.close();
  driver.close();
}

function run_query(query, callback) {
  var run = session.run(query, {});
  run.then(callback).catch(function (error) {
    console.log(error);
    die();
  });
}

run_query("MATCH (n) DETACH DELETE n", function (result) {
  console.log("Database cleared.");
  run_query("CREATE (alice: Person {name: 'Alice', age: 22})", function (result) {
    console.log("Record created.");
    run_query("MATCH (n) RETURN n", function (result) {
      console.log("Record matched.");
      var alice = result.records[0].get("n");
      console.log(alice.labels[0]);
      console.log(alice.properties["name"]);
      session.close();
      driver.close();
    });
  });
});

C# Example

The details about C# driver can be found on GitHub.

The code snipped below outlines a basic usage example which connects to the database and executes a couple of elementary queries.

using System;
using System.Linq;
using Neo4j.Driver.V1;

public class Basic {
  public static void Main(string[] args) {
    // Initialize the driver.
    var config = Config.DefaultConfig;
    using(var driver = GraphDatabase.Driver("bolt://localhost:7687", AuthTokens.None, config))
      using(var session = driver.Session())
      {
        // Run basic queries.
        session.Run("MATCH (n) DETACH DELETE n").Consume();
        session.Run("CREATE (alice:Person {name: \"Alice\", age: 22})").Consume();
        var result = session.Run("MATCH (n) RETURN n").First();
        var alice = (INode) result["n"];
        Console.WriteLine(alice["name"]);
        Console.WriteLine(string.Join(", ", alice.Labels));
        Console.WriteLine(alice["age"]);
      }
    Console.WriteLine("All ok!");
  }
}

Limitations

Memgraph is currently in an early stage, and therefore has certain limitations we plan to remove in future versions.

Multiple Users & Authorization

At the moment, Memgraph is single-user only and there is no way to control user privileges, meaning that the default user has read and write privileges over the whole database.