Prepare tx::Engine for distributed

Summary:
This diff contains step 1:
- Remove clog exposure from tx::engine
- Reduce and cleanup tx::Engine API

All current functionality is kept, but the API is reduced. This is very
desirable because every function in tx::Engine will need to be
considered and implemented in both Master and Worker situations. The
less we have, the better.

Next step is exactly that: seeing how each of these functions behaves in
a distributed system and implementing accordingly.

Reviewers: dgleich, mislav.bradac, buda

Reviewed By: mislav.bradac

Subscribers: pullbot

Differential Revision: https://phabricator.memgraph.io/D1008

src/database/graph_db_accessor.cpp

@@ -127,9 +127,10 @@ void GraphDbAccessor::BuildIndex(const GraphDbTypes::Label &label,
     auto wait_transaction = db_.tx_engine_.Begin();
     for (auto id : wait_transaction->snapshot()) {
       if (id == transaction_->id_) continue;
-      while (wait_transaction->engine_.clog().is_active(id))
+      while (wait_transaction->engine_.IsActive(id)) {
         // TODO reconsider this constant, currently rule-of-thumb chosen
         std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::microseconds(100));
+      }
     }
     // We must notify the WAL about this transaction manually since it's not
     // handled by a GraphDbAccessor.

src/mvcc/record.hpp

@@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ class Record : public Version<T> {
     if (hints_.Get(mask)) return hints_.Get(Hints::kCmt & mask);
 
     // If hints are not set consult the commit log.
-    auto info = engine.clog().fetch_info(id);
+    auto info = engine.FetchInfo(id);
     if (info.is_committed()) {
       hints_.Set(Hints::kCmt & mask);
       return true;
@@ -284,7 +284,7 @@ class Record : public Version<T> {
     if (hints_.Get(Hints::kCre)) return hints_.Get(Hints::kAbt & Hints::kCre);
 
     // If hints are not set consult the commit log.
-    auto info = engine.clog().fetch_info(tx_.cre);
+    auto info = engine.FetchInfo(tx_.cre);
     if (info.is_aborted()) {
       hints_.Set(Hints::kAbt & Hints::kCre);
       return true;

src/transactions/engine.hpp

@@ -2,14 +2,15 @@
 
 #include <atomic>
 #include <limits>
+#include <memory>
+#include <mutex>
+#include <unordered_map>
 #include <vector>
 
 #include "glog/logging.h"
-#include "threading/sync/lockable.hpp"
 #include "threading/sync/spinlock.hpp"
 #include "transactions/commit_log.hpp"
 #include "transactions/transaction.hpp"
-#include "transactions/transaction_store.hpp"
 #include "utils/exceptions.hpp"
 
 namespace tx {
@@ -26,14 +27,8 @@ class TransactionError : public utils::BasicException {
  * Used for managing transactions and the related information
  * such as transaction snapshots and the commit log.
  */
-class Engine : Lockable<SpinLock> {
+class Engine {
-  // Limit for the command id, used for checking if we're about
-  // to overflow.
-  static constexpr auto kMaxCommandId =
-      std::numeric_limits<decltype(std::declval<Transaction>().cid())>::max();
-
  public:
-
   Engine() = default;
 
   /** Begins a transaction and returns a pointer to
@@ -44,13 +39,13 @@ class Engine : Lockable<SpinLock> {
    * committted or aborted.
    */
   Transaction *Begin() {
-    auto guard = acquire_unique();
+    std::lock_guard<SpinLock> guard(lock_);
 
     transaction_id_t id{++counter_};
     auto t = new Transaction(id, active_, *this);
 
     active_.insert(id);
-    store_.put(id, t);
+    store_.emplace(id, t);
 
     return t;
   }
@@ -60,21 +55,21 @@ class Engine : Lockable<SpinLock> {
    *
    * @param id - Transation id. That transaction must
    * be currently active.
-   * @return Pointer to the transaction object for id.
    */
-  Transaction &Advance(transaction_id_t id) {
+  void Advance(transaction_id_t id) {
-    auto guard = acquire_unique();
+    std::lock_guard<SpinLock> guard(lock_);
 
-    auto *t = store_.get(id);
+    auto it = store_.find(id);
-    DCHECK(t != nullptr) << "Transaction::advance on non-existing transaction";
+    DCHECK(it != store_.end())
+        << "Transaction::advance on non-existing transaction";
 
-    if (t->cid_ == kMaxCommandId)
+    Transaction *t = it->second.get();
+    if (t->cid_ == std::numeric_limits<command_id_t>::max())
       throw TransactionError(
           "Reached maximum number of commands in this "
           "transaction.");
 
     t->cid_++;
-    return *t;
   }
 
   /** Returns the snapshot relevant to garbage collection of database records.
@@ -90,7 +85,7 @@ class Engine : Lockable<SpinLock> {
    * documentation).
    */
   Snapshot GcSnapshot() {
-    auto guard = acquire_unique();
+    std::lock_guard<SpinLock> guard(lock_);
 
     // No active transactions.
     if (active_.size() == 0) {
@@ -100,7 +95,7 @@ class Engine : Lockable<SpinLock> {
     }
 
     // There are active transactions.
-    auto snapshot_copy = store_.get(active_.front())->snapshot();
+    auto snapshot_copy = store_.find(active_.front())->second->snapshot();
     snapshot_copy.insert(active_.front());
     return snapshot_copy;
   }
@@ -108,17 +103,19 @@ class Engine : Lockable<SpinLock> {
   /** Comits the given transaction. Deletes the transaction object, it's not
    * valid after this function executes. */
   void Commit(const Transaction &t) {
-    auto guard = acquire_unique();
+    std::lock_guard<SpinLock> guard(lock_);
     clog_.set_committed(t.id_);
-    Finalize(t);
+    active_.remove(t.id_);
+    store_.erase(store_.find(t.id_));
   }
 
   /** Aborts the given transaction. Deletes the transaction object, it's not
    * valid after this function executes. */
   void Abort(const Transaction &t) {
-    auto guard = acquire_unique();
+    std::lock_guard<SpinLock> guard(lock_);
     clog_.set_aborted(t.id_);
-    Finalize(t);
+    active_.remove(t.id_);
+    store_.erase(store_.find(t.id_));
   }
 
   /** Returns transaction id of last transaction without taking a lock. New
@@ -126,48 +123,29 @@ class Engine : Lockable<SpinLock> {
    */
   auto LockFreeCount() const { return counter_.load(); }
 
-  /** The total number of transactions that have executed since the creation of
+  /** Returns true if the transaction with the given ID is currently active. */
-   * this engine */
+  bool IsActive(transaction_id_t tx) const { return clog_.is_active(tx); }
-  tx::transaction_id_t Count() const {
-    auto guard = acquire_unique();
-    return counter_;
-  }
-
-  /** The count of currently active transactions */
-  int64_t ActiveCount() const {
-    auto guard = acquire_unique();
-    return active_.size();
-  }
 
   /** Calls function f on each active transaction. */
   void ForEachActiveTransaction(std::function<void(Transaction &)> f) {
-    auto guard = acquire_unique();
+    std::lock_guard<SpinLock> guard(lock_);
     for (auto transaction : active_) {
-      f(*store_.get(transaction));
+      f(*store_.find(transaction)->second);
     }
   }
 
-  const auto &clog() const { return clog_; }
+  /** Returns the commit log Info about the given transaction. */
+  auto FetchInfo(transaction_id_t tx) const { return clog_.fetch_info(tx); }
 
   auto &lock_graph() { return lock_graph_; }
   const auto &lock_graph() const { return lock_graph_; }
 
  private:
-  // Commit log of this engine.
+  std::atomic<transaction_id_t> counter_{0};
   CommitLog clog_;
-
+  std::unordered_map<transaction_id_t, std::unique_ptr<Transaction>> store_;
-  // Performs cleanup common to ending the transaction with either commit or
-  // abort.
-  void Finalize(const Transaction &t) {
-    active_.remove(t.id_);
-    store_.del(t.id_);
-  }
-
-  // A snapshot of currently active transactions.
   Snapshot active_;
-
+  SpinLock lock_;
-  // Storage for the transactions.
-  TransactionStore<transaction_id_t> store_;
 
   // For each active transaction we store a transaction that holds a lock that
   // mentioned transaction is also trying to acquire. We can think of this
@@ -176,6 +154,5 @@ class Engine : Lockable<SpinLock> {
   // garbage collected and we are sure that we will not be having problems with
   // lifetimes of each object.
   ConcurrentMap<transaction_id_t, transaction_id_t> lock_graph_;
-  std::atomic<transaction_id_t> counter_{0};
 };
 }  // namespace tx

src/transactions/transaction_store.hpp

@@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include <map>
-#include <memory>
-
-#include "transactions/transaction.hpp"
-
-namespace tx {
-
-template <class id_t>
-class TransactionStore {
- public:
-  Transaction* get(id_t id) const {
-    auto it = store.find(id);
-    return it != store.end() ? it->second.get() : nullptr;
-  }
-
-  void put(id_t id, Transaction* transaction) {
-    store.emplace(
-        std::make_pair(id, std::unique_ptr<Transaction>(transaction)));
-  }
-
-  void del(id_t id) { store.erase(id); }
-
- private:
-  std::map<id_t, std::unique_ptr<Transaction>> store;
-};
-}

tests/unit/mvcc_find_update_common.hpp

@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ class Mvcc : public ::testing::Test {
  protected:
   virtual void SetUp() {
     id0 = 0;
-    t1 = &engine.Advance(t1->id_);
+    engine.Advance(t1->id_);
     id1 = t1->id_;
     v1 = version_list.find(*t1);
     t1->Commit();

tests/unit/mvcc_gc.cpp

@@ -112,8 +112,7 @@ TEST_F(MvccGcTest, OldestTransactionSnapshot) {
 
 /**
  * Test integration of garbage collector with MVCC GC. Delete version lists
- * which are
+ * which are empty (not visible from any future transaction) from the skiplist.
- * empty (not visible from any future transaction) from the skiplist.
  */
 TEST(GarbageCollector, GcClean) {
   ConcurrentMap<int64_t, mvcc::VersionList<DestrCountRec> *> collection;
@@ -146,13 +145,13 @@ TEST(GarbageCollector, GcClean) {
 
   // check that we destroyed the record
   EXPECT_EQ(deleter.Count(), 1);
-  deleter.FreeExpiredObjects(engine.Count() + 1);
+  deleter.FreeExpiredObjects(3);
   EXPECT_EQ(deleter.Count(), 0);
   EXPECT_EQ(record_destruction_count, 1);
 
   // check that we destroyed the version list
   EXPECT_EQ(vlist_deleter.Count(), 1);
-  vlist_deleter.FreeExpiredObjects(engine.Count() + 1);
+  vlist_deleter.FreeExpiredObjects(3);
   EXPECT_EQ(vlist_deleter.Count(), 0);
 
   EXPECT_EQ(access.size(), 0U);

tests/unit/mvcc_gc_common.hpp

@@ -34,8 +34,6 @@ auto GcSnapshot(tx::Engine &engine, tx::Transaction *t) {
     gc_snap.insert(t->id_);
     return gc_snap;
   } else {
-    tx::Snapshot gc_snap;
+    return engine.GcSnapshot();
-    gc_snap.insert(engine.Count() + 1);
-    return gc_snap;
   }
 }

tests/unit/transaction_engine.cpp

@@ -5,24 +5,6 @@
 #include "transactions/engine.hpp"
 #include "transactions/transaction.hpp"
 
-TEST(Engine, CountEmpty) {
-  tx::Engine engine;
-  EXPECT_EQ(engine.Count(), 0);
-}
-
-TEST(Engine, Count) {
-  tx::Engine engine;
-  EXPECT_EQ(engine.Count(), (uint64_t)0);
-  std::vector<tx::Transaction *> transactions;
-  for (int i = 0; i < 5; ++i) {
-    transactions.push_back(engine.Begin());
-    EXPECT_EQ(engine.Count(), (uint64_t)(i + 1));
-  }
-  EXPECT_EQ(engine.ActiveCount(), (uint64_t)5);
-  for (int i = 0; i < 5; ++i) transactions[i]->Commit();
-  EXPECT_EQ(engine.Count(), (uint64_t)5);
-}
-
 TEST(Engine, GcSnapshot) {
   tx::Engine engine;
   ASSERT_EQ(engine.GcSnapshot(), tx::Snapshot({1}));
@@ -51,20 +33,6 @@ TEST(Engine, GcSnapshot) {
   EXPECT_EQ(engine.GcSnapshot(), tx::Snapshot({6}));
 }
 
-TEST(Engine, ActiveCount) {
-  tx::Engine engine;
-  std::vector<tx::Transaction *> transactions;
-  for (int i = 0; i < 5; ++i) {
-    transactions.push_back(engine.Begin());
-    EXPECT_EQ(engine.ActiveCount(), (size_t)i + 1);
-  }
-
-  for (int i = 0; i < 5; ++i) {
-    transactions[i]->Commit();
-    EXPECT_EQ(engine.ActiveCount(), 4 - i);
-  }
-}
-
 TEST(Engine, Advance) {
   tx::Engine engine;