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937 lines
30 KiB
Markdown
937 lines
30 KiB
Markdown
# WBI 签名
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自 2023 年 3 月起，Bilibili Web 端部分接口开始采用 WBI 签名鉴权，表现在 REST API 请求时在 Query param 中添加了 `w_rid` 和 `wts` 字段。WBI 签名鉴权独立于 [APP 鉴权](APP.md) 与其他 Cookie 鉴权，目前被认为是一种 Web 端风控手段。
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经持续观察，大部分查询性接口都已经或准备采用 WBI 签名鉴权，请求 WBI 签名鉴权接口时，若签名参数 `w_rid` 与时间戳 `wts` 缺失、错误，会返回 `v_voucher`（推测为内部记录错误请求的 ID 方便 Debug），如：
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```json
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{"code":0,"message":"0","ttl":1,"data":{"v_voucher":"voucher_******"}}
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```
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感谢 [#631](https://github.com/SocialSisterYi/bilibili-API-collect/issues/631) 的研究与逆向工程。
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细节更新：[#885](https://github.com/SocialSisterYi/bilibili-API-collect/issues/885)。
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## WBI 签名算法
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1. 获取实时口令 `img_key`、`sub_key`
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从 [nav 接口](../../login/login_info.md#导航栏用户信息) 中获取 `img_url`、`sub_url` 两个字段的参数。
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**注：`img_url`、`sub_url` 两个字段的值看似为存于 BFS 中的 png 图片 url，实则只是经过伪装的实时 Token，故无需且不能试图访问这两个 url**
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```json
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{"code":-101,"message":"账号未登录","ttl":1,"data":{"isLogin":false,"wbi_img":{"img_url":"https://i0.hdslb.com/bfs/wbi/7cd084941338484aae1ad9425b84077c.png","sub_url":"https://i0.hdslb.com/bfs/wbi/4932caff0ff746eab6f01bf08b70ac45.png"}}}
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```
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截取其文件名，分别记为 `img_key`、`sub_key`，如上述例子中的 `7cd084941338484aae1ad9425b84077c` 和 `4932caff0ff746eab6f01bf08b70ac45`。
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`img_key`、`sub_key` 全站统一使用，观测知应为**每日更替**，使用时建议做好**缓存和刷新**处理。
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特别地，发现部分接口将 `img_key`、`sub_key` 硬编码进 JavaScript 文件内，如搜索接口 `https://s1.hdslb.com/bfs/static/laputa-search/client/assets/index.1ea39bea.js`，暂不清楚原因及影响。
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2. 打乱重排实时口令获得 `mixin_key`
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把上一步获取到的 `sub_key` 拼接在 `img_key` 后面（下例记为 `raw_wbi_key`），遍历重排映射表 `MIXIN_KEY_ENC_TAB`，取出 `raw_wbi_key` 中对应位置的字符拼接得到新的字符串，截取前 32 位，即为 `mixin_key`。
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重排映射表 `MIXIN_KEY_ENC_TAB` 长为 64，内容如下：
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```rust
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const MIXIN_KEY_ENC_TAB: [u8; 64] = [
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46, 47, 18, 2, 53, 8, 23, 32, 15, 50, 10, 31, 58, 3, 45, 35, 27, 43, 5, 49,
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33, 9, 42, 19, 29, 28, 14, 39, 12, 38, 41, 13, 37, 48, 7, 16, 24, 55, 40,
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61, 26, 17, 0, 1, 60, 51, 30, 4, 22, 25, 54, 21, 56, 59, 6, 63, 57, 62, 11,
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36, 20, 34, 44, 52
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]
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```
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重排操作如下例：
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```rust
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fn gen_mixin_key(raw_wbi_key: impl AsRef<[u8]>) -> String {
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const MIXIN_KEY_ENC_TAB: [u8; 64] = [
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46, 47, 18, 2, 53, 8, 23, 32, 15, 50, 10, 31, 58, 3, 45, 35, 27, 43, 5, 49, 33, 9, 42,
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19, 29, 28, 14, 39, 12, 38, 41, 13, 37, 48, 7, 16, 24, 55, 40, 61, 26, 17, 0, 1, 60,
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51, 30, 4, 22, 25, 54, 21, 56, 59, 6, 63, 57, 62, 11, 36, 20, 34, 44, 52,
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];
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let raw_wbi_key = raw_wbi_key.as_ref();
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let mut mixin_key = {
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let binding = MIXIN_KEY_ENC_TAB
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.iter()
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// 此步操作即遍历 MIXIN_KEY_ENC_TAB，取出 raw_wbi_key 中对应位置的字符
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.map(|n| raw_wbi_key[*n as usize])
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// 并收集进数组内
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.collect::<Vec<u8>>();
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unsafe { String::from_utf8_unchecked(binding) }
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};
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let _ = mixin_key.split_off(32); // 截取前 32 位字符
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mixin_key
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}
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```
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如 `img_key` -> `7cd084941338484aae1ad9425b84077c`、`sub_key` -> `4932caff0ff746eab6f01bf08b70ac45` 经过上述操作后得到 `mixin_key` -> `ea1db124af3c7062474693fa704f4ff8`。
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3. 计算签名（即 `w_rid`）
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若下方内容为欲签名的**原始**请求参数（以 JavaScript Object 为例）
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```javascript
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{
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foo: '114',
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bar: '514',
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zab: 1919810
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}
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```
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`wts` 字段的值应为当前以秒为单位的 Unix 时间戳，如 `1702204169`
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复制一份参数列表，添加 `wts` 参数，即：
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```javascript
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{
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foo: '114',
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bar: '514',
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zab: 1919810,
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wts: 1702204169
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}
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```
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随后按键名升序排序后编码 URL Query，拼接前面得到的 `mixin_key`，如 `bar=514&foo=114&wts=1702204169&zab=1919810ea1db124af3c7062474693fa704f4ff8`，计算其 MD5 即为 `w_rid`。
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需要注意的是：如果参数值含中文或特殊字符等，编码字符字母应当**大写** （部分库会编码为小写字母），空格应当编码为 `%20`（部分库按 `application/x-www-form-urlencoded` 约定编码为 `+`）。
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例如：
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```javascript
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{
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foo: 'one one four',
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bar: '五一四',
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baz: 1919810
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}
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```
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应该被编码为 `bar=%E4%BA%94%E4%B8%80%E5%9B%9B&baz=1919810&foo=one%20one%20four`。
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4. 向原始请求参数中添加 `w_rid`、`wts` 字段
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将上一步得到的 `w_rid` 以及前面的 `wts` 追加到**原始**请求参数编码得到的 URL Query 后即可，目前看来无需对原始请求参数排序。
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如前例最终得到 `bar=514&foo=114&zab=1919810&w_rid=8f6f2b5b3d485fe1886cec6a0be8c5d4&wts=1702204169`。
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## Demo
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含 [Python](#Python)、[JavaScript](#JavaScript)、[Golang](#Golang)、[C#](#CSharp)、[Java](#Java) 和 [Swift](#Swift) 语言编写的 Demo 。
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### Python
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需要`requests`依赖
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```python
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from functools import reduce
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from hashlib import md5
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import urllib.parse
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import time
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import requests
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mixinKeyEncTab = [
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46, 47, 18, 2, 53, 8, 23, 32, 15, 50, 10, 31, 58, 3, 45, 35, 27, 43, 5, 49,
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33, 9, 42, 19, 29, 28, 14, 39, 12, 38, 41, 13, 37, 48, 7, 16, 24, 55, 40,
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61, 26, 17, 0, 1, 60, 51, 30, 4, 22, 25, 54, 21, 56, 59, 6, 63, 57, 62, 11,
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36, 20, 34, 44, 52
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]
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def getMixinKey(orig: str):
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'对 imgKey 和 subKey 进行字符顺序打乱编码'
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return reduce(lambda s, i: s + orig[i], mixinKeyEncTab, '')[:32]
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def encWbi(params: dict, img_key: str, sub_key: str):
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'为请求参数进行 wbi 签名'
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mixin_key = getMixinKey(img_key + sub_key)
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curr_time = round(time.time())
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params['wts'] = curr_time # 添加 wts 字段
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params = dict(sorted(params.items())) # 按照 key 重排参数
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# 过滤 value 中的 "!'()*" 字符
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params = {
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k : ''.join(filter(lambda chr: chr not in "!'()*", str(v)))
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for k, v
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in params.items()
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}
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query = urllib.parse.urlencode(params) # 序列化参数
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wbi_sign = md5((query + mixin_key).encode()).hexdigest() # 计算 w_rid
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params['w_rid'] = wbi_sign
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return params
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def getWbiKeys() -> tuple[str, str]:
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'获取最新的 img_key 和 sub_key'
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headers = {
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'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.110 Safari/537.3',
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'Referer': 'https://www.bilibili.com/'
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}
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resp = requests.get('https://api.bilibili.com/x/web-interface/nav', headers=headers)
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resp.raise_for_status()
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json_content = resp.json()
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img_url: str = json_content['data']['wbi_img']['img_url']
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sub_url: str = json_content['data']['wbi_img']['sub_url']
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img_key = img_url.rsplit('/', 1)[1].split('.')[0]
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sub_key = sub_url.rsplit('/', 1)[1].split('.')[0]
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return img_key, sub_key
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img_key, sub_key = getWbiKeys()
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signed_params = encWbi(
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params={
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'foo': '114',
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'bar': '514',
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'baz': 1919810
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},
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img_key=img_key,
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sub_key=sub_key
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)
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query = urllib.parse.urlencode(signed_params)
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print(signed_params)
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print(query)
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```
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输出内容分别是进行 Wbi 签名的后参数的 key-Value 以及 url query 形式
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```
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{'bar': '514', 'baz': '1919810', 'foo': '114', 'wts': '1702204169', 'w_rid': 'd3cbd2a2316089117134038bf4caf442'}
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bar=514&baz=1919810&foo=114&wts=1702204169&w_rid=d3cbd2a2316089117134038bf4caf442
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```
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### JavaScript
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需要 `axios`、`md5` 依赖
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```javascript
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import md5 from 'md5'
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const mixinKeyEncTab = [
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46, 47, 18, 2, 53, 8, 23, 32, 15, 50, 10, 31, 58, 3, 45, 35, 27, 43, 5, 49,
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33, 9, 42, 19, 29, 28, 14, 39, 12, 38, 41, 13, 37, 48, 7, 16, 24, 55, 40,
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61, 26, 17, 0, 1, 60, 51, 30, 4, 22, 25, 54, 21, 56, 59, 6, 63, 57, 62, 11,
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36, 20, 34, 44, 52
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]
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// 对 imgKey 和 subKey 进行字符顺序打乱编码
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const getMixinKey = (orig) => mixinKeyEncTab.map(n => orig[n]).join('').slice(0, 32)
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// 为请求参数进行 wbi 签名
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function encWbi(params, img_key, sub_key) {
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const mixin_key = getMixinKey(img_key + sub_key),
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curr_time = Math.round(Date.now() / 1000),
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chr_filter = /[!'()*]/g
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Object.assign(params, { wts: curr_time }) // 添加 wts 字段
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// 按照 key 重排参数
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const query = Object
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.keys(params)
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.sort()
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.map(key => {
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// 过滤 value 中的 "!'()*" 字符
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const value = params[key].toString().replace(chr_filter, '')
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return `${encodeURIComponent(key)}=${encodeURIComponent(value)}`
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})
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.join('&')
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const wbi_sign = md5(query + mixin_key) // 计算 w_rid
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return query + '&w_rid=' + wbi_sign
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}
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// 获取最新的 img_key 和 sub_key
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async function getWbiKeys() {
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const res = await fetch('https://api.bilibili.com/x/web-interface/nav', {
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headers: {
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// SESSDATA 字段
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Cookie: "SESSDATA=xxxxxx",
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User-Agent: 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.110 Safari/537.3',
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Referer: 'https://www.bilibili.com/'//对于直接浏览器调用可能不适用
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}
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})
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const { data: { wbi_img: { img_url, sub_url } } } = await res.json()
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return {
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img_key: img_url.slice(
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img_url.lastIndexOf('/') + 1,
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img_url.lastIndexOf('.')
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),
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sub_key: sub_url.slice(
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sub_url.lastIndexOf('/') + 1,
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sub_url.lastIndexOf('.')
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)
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}
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}
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async function main() {
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const web_keys = await getWbiKeys()
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const params = { foo: '114', bar: '514', baz: 1919810 },
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img_key = web_keys.img_key,
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sub_key = web_keys.sub_key
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const query = encWbi(params, img_key, sub_key)
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console.log(query)
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}
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main()
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```
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输出内容为进行 Wbi 签名的后参数的 url query 形式
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```
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bar=514&baz=1919810&foo=114&wts=1684805578&w_rid=bb97e15f28edf445a0e4420d36f0157e
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```
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### Golang
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需要 `github.com/tidwall/gjson` 作为依赖
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```golang
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package main
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import (
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"crypto/md5"
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"encoding/hex"
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"fmt"
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"io"
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"net/http"
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"net/url"
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"sort"
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"strconv"
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"strings"
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"sync"
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"time"
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"github.com/tidwall/gjson"
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)
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var (
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mixinKeyEncTab = []int{
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46, 47, 18, 2, 53, 8, 23, 32, 15, 50, 10, 31, 58, 3, 45, 35, 27, 43, 5, 49,
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33, 9, 42, 19, 29, 28, 14, 39, 12, 38, 41, 13, 37, 48, 7, 16, 24, 55, 40,
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61, 26, 17, 0, 1, 60, 51, 30, 4, 22, 25, 54, 21, 56, 59, 6, 63, 57, 62, 11,
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36, 20, 34, 44, 52,
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}
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cache sync.Map
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lastUpdateTime time.Time
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)
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func main() {
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urlStr := "https://api.bilibili.com/x/space/wbi/acc/info?mid=1850091"
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newUrlStr, err := signAndGenerateURL(urlStr)
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if err != nil {
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fmt.Printf("Error: %s", err)
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return
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}
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req, err := http.NewRequest("GET", newUrlStr, nil)
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if err != nil {
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fmt.Printf("Error: %s", err)
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return
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}
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req.Header.Set("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/91.0.4472.124 Safari/537.36")
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req.Header.Set("Referer", "https://www.bilibili.com/")
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response, err := http.DefaultClient.Do(req)
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if err != nil {
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fmt.Printf("Request failed: %s", err)
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return
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}
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defer response.Body.Close()
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body, err := io.ReadAll(response.Body)
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if err != nil {
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fmt.Printf("Failed to read response: %s", err)
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return
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}
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fmt.Println(string(body))
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}
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func signAndGenerateURL(urlStr string) (string, error) {
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urlObj, err := url.Parse(urlStr)
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if err != nil {
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return "", err
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}
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imgKey, subKey := getWbiKeysCached()
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query := urlObj.Query()
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params := map[string]string{}
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for k, v := range query {
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params[k] = v[0]
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}
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newParams := encWbi(params, imgKey, subKey)
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for k, v := range newParams {
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query.Set(k, v)
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}
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urlObj.RawQuery = query.Encode()
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newUrlStr := urlObj.String()
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return newUrlStr, nil
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}
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func encWbi(params map[string]string, imgKey, subKey string) map[string]string {
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mixinKey := getMixinKey(imgKey + subKey)
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currTime := strconv.FormatInt(time.Now().Unix(), 10)
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params["wts"] = currTime
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// Sort keys
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keys := make([]string, 0, len(params))
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for k := range params {
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keys = append(keys, k)
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}
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sort.Strings(keys)
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// Remove unwanted characters
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for k, v := range params {
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v = sanitizeString(v)
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params[k] = v
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}
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// Build URL parameters
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query := url.Values{}
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for _, k := range keys {
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query.Set(k, params[k])
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}
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queryStr := query.Encode()
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// Calculate w_rid
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hash := md5.Sum([]byte(queryStr + mixinKey))
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params["w_rid"] = hex.EncodeToString(hash[:])
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return params
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}
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func getMixinKey(orig string) string {
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var str strings.Builder
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for _, v := range mixinKeyEncTab {
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if v < len(orig) {
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str.WriteByte(orig[v])
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}
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}
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return str.String()[:32]
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}
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|
||
func sanitizeString(s string) string {
|
||
unwantedChars := []string{"!", "'", "(", ")", "*"}
|
||
for _, char := range unwantedChars {
|
||
s = strings.ReplaceAll(s, char, "")
|
||
}
|
||
return s
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
func updateCache() {
|
||
if time.Since(lastUpdateTime).Minutes() < 10 {
|
||
return
|
||
}
|
||
imgKey, subKey := getWbiKeys()
|
||
cache.Store("imgKey", imgKey)
|
||
cache.Store("subKey", subKey)
|
||
lastUpdateTime = time.Now()
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
func getWbiKeysCached() (string, string) {
|
||
updateCache()
|
||
imgKeyI, _ := cache.Load("imgKey")
|
||
subKeyI, _ := cache.Load("subKey")
|
||
return imgKeyI.(string), subKeyI.(string)
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
func getWbiKeys() (string, string) {
|
||
client := &http.Client{}
|
||
req, err := http.NewRequest("GET", "https://api.bilibili.com/x/web-interface/nav", nil)
|
||
if err != nil {
|
||
fmt.Printf("Error creating request: %s", err)
|
||
return "", ""
|
||
}
|
||
req.Header.Set("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/91.0.4472.124 Safari/537.36")
|
||
req.Header.Set("Referer", "https://www.bilibili.com/")
|
||
resp, err := client.Do(req)
|
||
if err != nil {
|
||
fmt.Printf("Error sending request: %s", err)
|
||
return "", ""
|
||
}
|
||
defer resp.Body.Close()
|
||
body, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
|
||
if err != nil {
|
||
fmt.Printf("Error reading response: %s", err)
|
||
return "", ""
|
||
}
|
||
json := string(body)
|
||
imgURL := gjson.Get(json, "data.wbi_img.img_url").String()
|
||
subURL := gjson.Get(json, "data.wbi_img.sub_url").String()
|
||
imgKey := strings.Split(strings.Split(imgURL, "/")[len(strings.Split(imgURL, "/"))-1], ".")[0]
|
||
subKey := strings.Split(strings.Split(subURL, "/")[len(strings.Split(subURL, "/"))-1], ".")[0]
|
||
return imgKey, subKey
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### CSharp
|
||
|
||
无需依赖外部库
|
||
|
||
```cs
|
||
using System.Security.Cryptography;
|
||
using System.Text;
|
||
using System.Text.Json.Nodes;
|
||
|
||
class Program
|
||
{
|
||
private static HttpClient _httpClient = new();
|
||
|
||
private static readonly int[] MixinKeyEncTab =
|
||
{
|
||
46, 47, 18, 2, 53, 8, 23, 32, 15, 50, 10, 31, 58, 3, 45, 35, 27, 43, 5, 49, 33, 9, 42, 19, 29, 28, 14, 39,
|
||
12, 38, 41, 13, 37, 48, 7, 16, 24, 55, 40, 61, 26, 17, 0, 1, 60, 51, 30, 4, 22, 25, 54, 21, 56, 59, 6, 63,
|
||
57, 62, 11, 36, 20, 34, 44, 52
|
||
};
|
||
|
||
//对 imgKey 和 subKey 进行字符顺序打乱编码
|
||
private static string GetMixinKey(string orig)
|
||
{
|
||
return MixinKeyEncTab.Aggregate("", (s, i) => s + orig[i])[..32];
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
private static Dictionary<string, string> EncWbi(Dictionary<string, string> parameters, string imgKey,
|
||
string subKey)
|
||
{
|
||
string mixinKey = GetMixinKey(imgKey + subKey);
|
||
string currTime = DateTimeOffset.Now.ToUnixTimeSeconds().ToString();
|
||
//添加 wts 字段
|
||
parameters["wts"] = currTime;
|
||
// 按照 key 重排参数
|
||
parameters = parameters.OrderBy(p => p.Key).ToDictionary(p => p.Key, p => p.Value);
|
||
//过滤 value 中的 "!'()*" 字符
|
||
parameters = parameters.ToDictionary(
|
||
kvp => kvp.Key,
|
||
kvp => new string(kvp.Value.Where(chr => !"!'()*".Contains(chr)).ToArray())
|
||
);
|
||
// 序列化参数
|
||
string query = new FormUrlEncodedContent(parameters).ReadAsStringAsync().Result;
|
||
//计算 w_rid
|
||
using MD5 md5 = MD5.Create();
|
||
byte[] hashBytes = md5.ComputeHash(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(query + mixinKey));
|
||
string wbiSign = BitConverter.ToString(hashBytes).Replace("-", "").ToLower();
|
||
parameters["w_rid"] = wbiSign;
|
||
|
||
return parameters;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// 获取最新的 img_key 和 sub_key
|
||
private static async Task<(string, string)> GetWbiKeys()
|
||
{
|
||
var httpClient = new HttpClient();
|
||
httpClient.DefaultRequestHeaders.Add("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/91.0.4472.124 Safari/537.36");
|
||
httpClient.DefaultRequestHeaders.Referrer = new Uri("https://www.bilibili.com/");
|
||
|
||
HttpResponseMessage responseMessage = await httpClient.SendAsync(new HttpRequestMessage
|
||
{
|
||
Method = HttpMethod.Get,
|
||
RequestUri = new Uri("https://api.bilibili.com/x/web-interface/nav"),
|
||
});
|
||
|
||
JsonNode response = JsonNode.Parse(await responseMessage.Content.ReadAsStringAsync())!;
|
||
|
||
string imgUrl = (string)response["data"]!["wbi_img"]!["img_url"]!;
|
||
imgUrl = imgUrl.Split("/")[^1].Split(".")[0];
|
||
|
||
string subUrl = (string)response["data"]!["wbi_img"]!["sub_url"]!;
|
||
subUrl = subUrl.Split("/")[^1].Split(".")[0];
|
||
return (imgUrl, subUrl);
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
|
||
public static async Task Main()
|
||
{
|
||
var (imgKey, subKey) = await GetWbiKeys();
|
||
|
||
Dictionary<string, string> signedParams = EncWbi(
|
||
parameters: new Dictionary<string, string>
|
||
{
|
||
{ "foo", "114" },
|
||
{ "bar", "514" },
|
||
{ "baz", "1919810" }
|
||
},
|
||
imgKey: imgKey,
|
||
subKey: subKey
|
||
);
|
||
|
||
string query = await new FormUrlEncodedContent(signedParams).ReadAsStringAsync();
|
||
|
||
Console.WriteLine(query);
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
输出内容为进行 Wbi 签名的后参数的 url query 形式
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
bar=514&baz=1919810&foo=114&wts=1687541921&w_rid=26e82b1b9b3a11dbb1807a9228a40d3b
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### Java
|
||
|
||
需要 `hutool` 依赖
|
||
|
||
```java
|
||
package com.example.demo;
|
||
|
||
import cn.hutool.crypto.SecureUtil;
|
||
|
||
import java.util.*;
|
||
|
||
public class WbiTest {
|
||
private static final int[] mixinKeyEncTab = new int[]{
|
||
46, 47, 18, 2, 53, 8, 23, 32, 15, 50, 10, 31, 58, 3, 45, 35, 27, 43, 5, 49,
|
||
33, 9, 42, 19, 29, 28, 14, 39, 12, 38, 41, 13, 37, 48, 7, 16, 24, 55, 40,
|
||
61, 26, 17, 0, 1, 60, 51, 30, 4, 22, 25, 54, 21, 56, 59, 6, 63, 57, 62, 11,
|
||
36, 20, 34, 44, 52
|
||
};
|
||
|
||
public static String getMixinKey(String imgKey, String subKey) {
|
||
String s = imgKey + subKey;
|
||
StringBuilder key = new StringBuilder();
|
||
for (int i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
|
||
key.append(s.charAt(mixinKeyEncTab[i]));
|
||
}
|
||
return key.toString();
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
public static void main(String[] args) {
|
||
String imgKey = "653657f524a547ac981ded72ea172057";
|
||
String subKey = "6e4909c702f846728e64f6007736a338";
|
||
String mixinKey = getMixinKey(imgKey, subKey);
|
||
System.out.println(mixinKey);
|
||
//72136226c6a73669787ee4fd02a74c27
|
||
//{
|
||
// foo: 'one one four',
|
||
// bar: '五一四',
|
||
// baz: 1919810
|
||
//}
|
||
LinkedHashMap<String, Object> map = new LinkedHashMap<>();
|
||
map.put("foo", "one one four");
|
||
map.put("bar", "五一四");
|
||
map.put("baz", 1919810);
|
||
map.put("wts", System.currentTimeMillis() / 1000);
|
||
map.put("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/91.0.4472.124 Safari/537.36");
|
||
map.put("Referer", "https://www.bilibili.com/");
|
||
StringJoiner param = new StringJoiner("&");
|
||
//排序 + 拼接字符串
|
||
map.entrySet().stream()
|
||
.sorted(Map.Entry.comparingByKey())
|
||
.forEach(entry -> param.add(entry.getKey() + "=" + URLUtil.encode(entry.getValue().toString())));
|
||
String s = param + mixinKey;
|
||
String wbiSign = SecureUtil.md5(s);
|
||
System.out.println(wbiSign);
|
||
String finalParam = param + "&w_rid=" + wbiSign;
|
||
System.out.println(finalParam);
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### PHP
|
||
|
||
来自[SocialSisterYi/bilibili-API-collect#813](https://github.com/SocialSisterYi/bilibili-API-collect/issues/813)
|
||
|
||
```php
|
||
<?php
|
||
/**
|
||
* B站 Wbi 测试
|
||
* @author Prk
|
||
*/
|
||
|
||
|
||
class Bilibili {
|
||
|
||
private $mixinKeyEncTab = [
|
||
46, 47, 18, 2, 53, 8, 23, 32, 15, 50, 10, 31, 58, 3, 45, 35, 27, 43, 5, 49,
|
||
33, 9, 42, 19, 29, 28, 14, 39, 12, 38, 41, 13, 37, 48, 7, 16, 24, 55, 40,
|
||
61, 26, 17, 0, 1, 60, 51, 30, 4, 22, 25, 54, 21, 56, 59, 6, 63, 57, 62, 11,
|
||
36, 20, 34, 44, 52
|
||
];
|
||
|
||
function __construct() {
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
public function reQuery(array $query) {
|
||
$wbi_keys = $this->getWbiKeys();
|
||
return $this->encWbi($query, $wbi_keys['img_key'], $wbi_keys['sub_key']);
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
private function getMixinKey($orig) {
|
||
$t = '';
|
||
foreach ($this->mixinKeyEncTab as $n) $t .= $orig[$n];
|
||
return substr($t, 0, 32);
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
private function encWbi($params, $img_key, $sub_key) {
|
||
$mixin_key = $this->getMixinKey($img_key . $sub_key);
|
||
$curr_time = time();
|
||
$chr_filter = "/[!'()*]/";
|
||
|
||
$query = [];
|
||
$params['wts'] = $curr_time;
|
||
|
||
ksort($params);
|
||
|
||
foreach ($params as $key => $value) {
|
||
$value = preg_replace($chr_filter, '', $value);
|
||
$query[] = urlencode($key) . '=' . urlencode($value);
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
$query = implode('&', $query);
|
||
$wbi_sign = md5($query . $mixin_key);
|
||
|
||
return $query . '&w_rid=' . $wbi_sign;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
private function getWbiKeys() {
|
||
$resp = @json_decode(
|
||
$this->curl_get(
|
||
'https://api.bilibili.com/x/web-interface/nav',
|
||
null,
|
||
'https://www.bilibili.com/'
|
||
), true
|
||
);
|
||
|
||
if (!$resp) throw new Exception('请求失败');
|
||
|
||
$img_url = $resp['data']['wbi_img']['img_url'];
|
||
$sub_url = $resp['data']['wbi_img']['sub_url'];
|
||
|
||
return [
|
||
'img_key' => substr(basename($img_url), 0, strpos(basename($img_url), '.')),
|
||
'sub_key' => substr(basename($sub_url), 0, strpos(basename($sub_url), '.'))
|
||
];
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
private function curl_get($url, $cookies = null, $referer = 'https://www.bilibili.com/', $ua = null, $proxy = null, $header = []) {
|
||
$ch = curl_init();
|
||
$header[] = "Accept: */*";
|
||
$header[] = "Accept-Language: en-US,en;q=0.9,zh-CN;q=0.8,zh;q=0.7";
|
||
$header[] = "Connection: close";
|
||
$header[]="Referer:https://www.bilibili.com/";
|
||
$header[] = "Cache-Control: max-age=0";
|
||
curl_setopt_array($ch, [
|
||
CURLOPT_HTTPGET => 1,
|
||
CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST => 'GET',
|
||
CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER => 1,
|
||
CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER => $header,
|
||
CURLOPT_ENCODING => '',
|
||
CURLOPT_URL => $url,
|
||
CURLOPT_USERAGENT => 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/102.0.5005.63 Safari/537.36 Edg/102.0.1245.39',
|
||
CURLOPT_TIMEOUT => 15
|
||
]);
|
||
|
||
if ($cookies) curl_setopt(
|
||
$ch,
|
||
CURLOPT_COOKIE,
|
||
$cookies
|
||
);
|
||
|
||
if ($referer) curl_setopt_array($ch, [
|
||
CURLOPT_AUTOREFERER => $referer,
|
||
CURLOPT_REFERER => $referer
|
||
]);
|
||
|
||
$content = curl_exec($ch);
|
||
curl_close($ch);
|
||
return $content;
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
$c = new Bilibili();
|
||
echo $c->reQuery(['foo' => '114', 'bar' => '514', 'baz' => 1919810]);
|
||
// bar=514&baz=1919810&foo=114&wts=1700384803&w_rid=4614cb98d60a43e50c3a3033fe3d116b
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### Rust
|
||
|
||
需要 serde、serde_json、reqwest、tokio 以及 md5
|
||
|
||
```rust
|
||
use reqwest::header::USER_AGENT;
|
||
use serde::Deserialize;
|
||
use std::time::{SystemTime, UNIX_EPOCH};
|
||
|
||
const MIXIN_KEY_ENC_TAB: [usize; 64] = [
|
||
46, 47, 18, 2, 53, 8, 23, 32, 15, 50, 10, 31, 58, 3, 45, 35, 27, 43, 5, 49, 33, 9, 42, 19, 29,
|
||
28, 14, 39, 12, 38, 41, 13, 37, 48, 7, 16, 24, 55, 40, 61, 26, 17, 0, 1, 60, 51, 30, 4, 22, 25,
|
||
54, 21, 56, 59, 6, 63, 57, 62, 11, 36, 20, 34, 44, 52,
|
||
];
|
||
|
||
#[derive(Deserialize)]
|
||
struct WbiImg {
|
||
img_url: String,
|
||
sub_url: String,
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
#[derive(Deserialize)]
|
||
struct Data {
|
||
wbi_img: WbiImg,
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
#[derive(Deserialize)]
|
||
struct ResWbi {
|
||
data: Data,
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// 对 imgKey 和 subKey 进行字符顺序打乱编码
|
||
fn get_mixin_key(orig: &[u8]) -> String {
|
||
MIXIN_KEY_ENC_TAB
|
||
.iter()
|
||
.map(|&i| orig[i] as char)
|
||
.collect::<String>()
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
fn get_url_encoded(s: &str) -> String {
|
||
s.chars()
|
||
.filter_map(|c| match c.is_ascii_alphanumeric() || "-_.~".contains(c) {
|
||
true => Some(c.to_string()),
|
||
false => {
|
||
// 过滤 value 中的 "!'()*" 字符
|
||
if "!'()*".contains(c) {
|
||
return None;
|
||
}
|
||
let encoded = c
|
||
.encode_utf8(&mut [0; 4])
|
||
.bytes()
|
||
.fold("".to_string(), |acc, b| acc + &format!("%{:02X}", b));
|
||
Some(encoded)
|
||
}
|
||
})
|
||
.collect::<String>()
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
// 为请求参数进行 wbi 签名
|
||
fn encode_wbi(params: &mut Vec<(&str, String)>, (img_key, sub_key): (String, String)) -> String {
|
||
let mixin_key = get_mixin_key((img_key + &sub_key).as_bytes());
|
||
let cur_time = match SystemTime::now().duration_since(UNIX_EPOCH) {
|
||
Ok(t) => t.as_secs(),
|
||
Err(_) => panic!("SystemTime before UNIX EPOCH!"),
|
||
};
|
||
// 添加当前时间戳
|
||
params.push(("wts", cur_time.to_string()));
|
||
// 重新排序
|
||
params.sort_by(|a, b| a.0.cmp(b.0));
|
||
let query = params.iter().fold(String::from(""), |acc, (k, v)| {
|
||
acc + format!("{}={}&", get_url_encoded(k), get_url_encoded(v)).as_str()
|
||
});
|
||
|
||
let web_sign = format!("{:?}", md5::compute(query.clone() + &mixin_key));
|
||
|
||
query + &format!("w_rid={}", web_sign)
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
async fn get_wbi_keys() -> Result<(String, String), reqwest::Error> {
|
||
let client = reqwest::Client::new();
|
||
let ResWbi { data:Data{wbi_img} } = client
|
||
.get("https://api.bilibili.com/x/web-interface/nav")
|
||
.header(USER_AGENT,"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/119.0.0.0 Safari/537.36")
|
||
.header("Referer","https://www.bilibili.com/")
|
||
// SESSDATA=xxxxx
|
||
.header("Cookie", "SESSDATA=xxxxx")
|
||
.send()
|
||
.await?
|
||
.json::<ResWbi>()
|
||
.await?;
|
||
|
||
Ok((wbi_img.img_url, wbi_img.sub_url))
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
#[tokio::main]
|
||
async fn main() {
|
||
let urls = get_wbi_keys().await.unwrap();
|
||
let mut params = vec![
|
||
("foo", String::from("114")),
|
||
("bar", String::from("514")),
|
||
("baz", String::from("1919810")),
|
||
];
|
||
|
||
let query = encode_wbi(&mut params, urls);
|
||
|
||
println!("{}", query);
|
||
}
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### Swift
|
||
|
||
需要 [Alamofire](https://github.com/Alamofire/Alamofire) 和 [SwiftyJSON](https://github.com/SwiftyJSON/SwiftyJSON) 库
|
||
|
||
```swift
|
||
import Foundation
|
||
import CommonCrypto
|
||
import Alamofire
|
||
import SwiftyJSON
|
||
|
||
func biliWbiSign(param: String, completion: @escaping (String?) -> Void) {
|
||
func getMixinKey(orig: String) -> String {
|
||
return String(mixinKeyEncTab.map { orig[orig.index(orig.startIndex, offsetBy: $0)] }.prefix(32))
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
func encWbi(params: [String: Any], imgKey: String, subKey: String) -> [String: Any] {
|
||
var params = params
|
||
let mixinKey = getMixinKey(orig: imgKey + subKey)
|
||
let currTime = round(Date().timeIntervalSince1970)
|
||
params["wts"] = currTime
|
||
params = params.sorted { $0.key < $1.key }.reduce(into: [:]) { $0[$1.key] = $1.value }
|
||
params = params.mapValues { String(describing: $0).filter { !"!'()*".contains($0) } }
|
||
let query = params.map { "\($0.key)=\($0.value)" }.joined(separator: "&")
|
||
let wbiSign = calculateMD5(string: query + mixinKey)
|
||
params["w_rid"] = wbiSign
|
||
return params
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
func getWbiKeys(completion: @escaping (Result<(imgKey: String, subKey: String), Error>) -> Void) {
|
||
let headers: HTTPHeaders = [
|
||
"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/91.0.4472.124 Safari/537.36",
|
||
"Referer": "https://www.bilibili.com/"
|
||
]
|
||
|
||
AF.request("https://api.bilibili.com/x/web-interface/nav", headers: headers).responseJSON { response in
|
||
switch response.result {
|
||
case .success(let value):
|
||
let json = JSON(value)
|
||
let imgURL = json["data"]["wbi_img"]["img_url"].string ?? ""
|
||
let subURL = json["data"]["wbi_img"]["sub_url"].string ?? ""
|
||
let imgKey = imgURL.components(separatedBy: "/").last?.components(separatedBy: ".").first ?? ""
|
||
let subKey = subURL.components(separatedBy: "/").last?.components(separatedBy: ".").first ?? ""
|
||
completion(.success((imgKey, subKey)))
|
||
case .failure(let error):
|
||
completion(.failure(error))
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
|
||
func calculateMD5(string: String) -> String {
|
||
let data = Data(string.utf8)
|
||
var digest = [UInt8](repeating: 0, count: Int(CC_MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH))
|
||
_ = data.withUnsafeBytes {
|
||
CC_MD5($0.baseAddress, CC_LONG(data.count), &digest)
|
||
}
|
||
return digest.map { String(format: "%02hhx", $0) }.joined()
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
let mixinKeyEncTab = [
|
||
46, 47, 18, 2, 53, 8, 23, 32, 15, 50, 10, 31, 58, 3, 45, 35, 27, 43, 5, 49,
|
||
33, 9, 42, 19, 29, 28, 14, 39, 12, 38, 41, 13, 37, 48, 7, 16, 24, 55, 40,
|
||
61, 26, 17, 0, 1, 60, 51, 30, 4, 22, 25, 54, 21, 56, 59, 6, 63, 57, 62, 11,
|
||
36, 20, 34, 44, 52
|
||
]
|
||
|
||
getWbiKeys { result in
|
||
switch result {
|
||
case .success(let keys):
|
||
let spdParam = param.components(separatedBy: "&")
|
||
var spdDicParam = [String: String]()
|
||
spdParam.forEach { pair in
|
||
let components = pair.components(separatedBy: "=")
|
||
if components.count == 2 {
|
||
spdDicParam[components[0]] = components[1]
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
let signedParams = encWbi(params: spdDicParam, imgKey: keys.imgKey, subKey: keys.subKey)
|
||
let query = signedParams.map { "\($0.key)=\($0.value)" }.joined(separator: "&")
|
||
completion(query)
|
||
case .failure(let error):
|
||
print("Error getting keys: \(error)")
|
||
completion(nil)
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
```
|