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228 lines
5.4 KiB
Markdown
228 lines
5.4 KiB
Markdown
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# PostGIS installation with yum
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> 参考<http://www.postgresonline.com/journal/archives/362-An-almost-idiots-guide-to-install-PostgreSQL-9.5,-PostGIS-2.2-and-pgRouting-2.1.0-with-Yum.html>
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### 1. 安装环境
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- CentOS 7
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- PostgreSQL10
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- PostGIS2.4
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- PGROUTING2.5.2
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### 2. PostgreSQL10安装
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##### 2.1 确定系统环境
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```
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uname -a
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Linux localhost.localdomain 3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Aug 22 21:09:27 UTC 2017 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
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```
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##### 2.2 安装正确的rpm包
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```
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rpm -ivh https://download.postgresql.org/pub/repos/yum/10/redhat/rhel-7-x86_64/pgdg-centos10-10-2.noarch.rpm
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```
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不同的系统使用不同的rpm源，你可以从 <http://yum.postgresql.org/repopackages.php>获取相应的平台链接。
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##### 2.3 查看rpm包是否正确安装
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```
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yum list | grep pgdg
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pgdg-centos10.noarch 10-2 installed
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CGAL.x86_64 4.7-1.rhel7 pgdg10
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CGAL-debuginfo.x86_64 4.7-1.rhel7 pgdg10
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CGAL-demos-source.x86_64 4.7-1.rhel7 pgdg10
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CGAL-devel.x86_64 4.7-1.rhel7 pgdg10
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MigrationWizard.noarch 1.1-3.rhel7 pgdg10
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...
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```
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##### 2.4 安装PG
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```
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yum install -y postgresql10 postgresql10-server postgresql10-libs postgresql10-contrib postgresql10-devel
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```
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你可以根据需要选择安装相应的rpm包。
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##### 2.5 启动服务
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默认情况下，PG安装目录为`/usr/pgsql-10/`，data目录为`/var/lib/pgsql/`,系统默认创建用户`postgres`
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```
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passwd postgres # 为系统postgres设置密码
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su - postgres # 切换到用户postgres
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/usr/pgsql-10/bin/initdb -D /var/lib/pgsql/10/data/ # 初始化数据库
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/usr/pgsql-10/bin/pg_ctl -D /var/lib/pgsql/10/data/ -l logfile start # 启动数据库
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/usr/pgsql-10/bin/psql postgres postgres # 登录
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```
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### 3. PostGIS安装
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```
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yum install postgis24_10-client postgis24_10
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```
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> 如果遇到错误如下：
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>
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> ```
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> --> 解决依赖关系完成
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> 错误：软件包：postgis24_10-client-2.4.2-1.rhel7.x86_64 (pgdg10)
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> 需要：libproj.so.0()(64bit)
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> 错误：软件包：postgis24_10-2.4.2-1.rhel7.x86_64 (pgdg10)
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> 需要：gdal-libs >= 1.9.0
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> ```
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> 你可以尝试通过以下命令解决:```yum -y install epel-release```
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### 4. fdw安装
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```
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yum install ogr_fdw10
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```
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### 5. pgrouting安装
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```
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yum install pgrouting_10
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```
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### 6. 验证测试
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```
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# 登录pg后执行以下命令，无报错则证明成功
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CREATE EXTENSION postgis;
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CREATE EXTENSION postgis_topology;
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CREATE EXTENSION ogr_fdw;
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SELECT postgis_full_version();
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```
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## 一些依赖组件的编译方式
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## 编译工具
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此类工具一般系统都自带。
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* GCC与G++，版本至少为`4.x`。
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* GNU Make，CMake， Autotools
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* Git
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CentOS下直接通过`sudo yum install gcc gcc-c++ git autoconf automake libtool m4 `安装。
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## 必选依赖
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### PostgreSQL
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PostgreSQL是PostGIS的宿主平台。这里以10.1为例。
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### GEOS
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GEOS是Geometry Engine, Open Source的缩写，是一个C++版本的几何库。是PostGIS的核心依赖。
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PostGIS 2.4用到了GEOS 3.7的一些新特性。不过截止到现在，GEOS官方发布的最新版本是3.6.2，3.7版本的GEOS可以通过[Nightly snapshot](http://geos.osgeo.org/snapshots/)获取。所以目前如果希望用到所有新特性，需要从源码编译安装GEOS 3.7。
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```bash
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# 滚动的每日更新，此URL有可能过期，检查这里http://geos.osgeo.org/snapshots/
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wget -P ./ http://geos.osgeo.org/snapshots/geos-20171211.tar.bz2
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tar -jxf geos-20171211.tar.bz2
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cd geos-20171211
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./configure
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make
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sudo make install
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cd ..
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```
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### Proj
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为PostGIS提供坐标投影支持，目前最新版本为4.9.3 ：[下载](http://proj4.org/download.html)
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```bash
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# 此URL有可能过期，检查这里http://proj4.org/download.html
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wget -P . http://download.osgeo.org/proj/proj-4.9.3.tar.gz
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tar -zxf proj-4.9.3.tar.gz
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cd proj-4.9.3
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make
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sudo make install
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```
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### JSON-C
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目前用于导入GeoJSON格式的数据，函数`ST_GeomFromGeoJson`用到了这个库。
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编译`json-c`需要用到`autoconf, automake, libtool`。
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```bash
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git clone https://github.com/json-c/json-c
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cd json-c
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sh autogen.sh
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./configure # --enable-threading
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make
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make install
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```
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### LibXML2
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目前用于导入GML与KML格式的数据，函数`ST_GeomFromGML`和`ST_GeomFromKML`依赖这个库。
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目前可以在这个[FTP](ftp://xmlsoft.org/libxml2/)服务器上搞到，目前使用的版本是`2.9.7`
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```bash
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tar -zxf libxml2-sources-2.9.7.tar.gz
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cd libxml2-sources-2.9.7
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./configure
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make
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sudo make install
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```
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### GADL
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```bash
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wget -P . http://download.osgeo.org/gdal/2.2.3/gdal-2.2.3.tar.gz
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```
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### SFCGAL
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SFCGAL是CGAL的扩展包装，虽说是可选项，但是很多函数都会经常用到，因此这里也需要安装。[下载页面](http://oslandia.github.io/SFCGAL/installation.html)
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SFCGAL依赖的东西比较多。包括`CMake, CGAL, Boost, MPFR, GMP`等，其中，`CGAL`在上面手动安装过了。这里还需要手动安装BOOST
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```bash
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wget -P . https://github.com/Oslandia/SFCGAL/archive/v1.3.0.tar.gz
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```
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### Boost
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Boost是C++的常用库，SFCGAL依赖BOOST，[下载页面](http://www.boost.org)
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```bash
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wget -P . https://dl.bintray.com/boostorg/release/1.65.1/source/boost_1_65_1.tar.gz
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tar -zxf boost_1_65_1.tar.gz
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cd boost_1_65_1
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./bootstrap.sh
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./b2
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```
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