diff --git a/mindmaps/EIGRP.mm b/mindmaps/EIGRP.mm deleted file mode 100644 index e3c74fb..0000000 --- a/mindmaps/EIGRP.mm +++ /dev/null @@ -1,1198 +0,0 @@ -<map version="freeplane 1.3.0"> -<!--To view this file, download free mind mapping software Freeplane from http://freeplane.sourceforge.net --> -<node TEXT="EIGRP" ID="ID_1723255651" CREATED="1283093380553" MODIFIED="1488764431016"><hook NAME="MapStyle" zoom="0.91"> - <properties show_note_icons="true"/> - -<map_styles> -<stylenode LOCALIZED_TEXT="styles.root_node"> -<stylenode LOCALIZED_TEXT="styles.predefined" POSITION="right"> -<stylenode LOCALIZED_TEXT="default" MAX_WIDTH="600" COLOR="#000000" STYLE="as_parent"> -<font NAME="SansSerif" SIZE="10" BOLD="false" ITALIC="false"/> -</stylenode> -<stylenode LOCALIZED_TEXT="defaultstyle.details"/> -<stylenode LOCALIZED_TEXT="defaultstyle.note"/> -<stylenode LOCALIZED_TEXT="defaultstyle.floating"> -<edge STYLE="hide_edge"/> -<cloud COLOR="#f0f0f0" SHAPE="ROUND_RECT"/> -</stylenode> -</stylenode> -<stylenode LOCALIZED_TEXT="styles.user-defined" POSITION="right"> -<stylenode LOCALIZED_TEXT="styles.topic" COLOR="#18898b" STYLE="fork"> -<font NAME="Liberation Sans" SIZE="10" BOLD="true"/> -</stylenode> -<stylenode LOCALIZED_TEXT="styles.subtopic" COLOR="#cc3300" STYLE="fork"> -<font NAME="Liberation Sans" SIZE="10" BOLD="true"/> -</stylenode> -<stylenode LOCALIZED_TEXT="styles.subsubtopic" COLOR="#669900"> -<font NAME="Liberation Sans" SIZE="10" BOLD="true"/> -</stylenode> -<stylenode LOCALIZED_TEXT="styles.important"> -<icon BUILTIN="yes"/> -</stylenode> -</stylenode> -<stylenode LOCALIZED_TEXT="styles.AutomaticLayout" POSITION="right"> -<stylenode LOCALIZED_TEXT="AutomaticLayout.level.root" COLOR="#000000"> -<font SIZE="18"/> -</stylenode> -<stylenode LOCALIZED_TEXT="AutomaticLayout.level,1" COLOR="#0033ff"> -<font SIZE="16"/> -</stylenode> -<stylenode LOCALIZED_TEXT="AutomaticLayout.level,2" COLOR="#00b439"> -<font SIZE="14"/> -</stylenode> -<stylenode LOCALIZED_TEXT="AutomaticLayout.level,3" COLOR="#990000"> -<font SIZE="12"/> -</stylenode> -<stylenode LOCALIZED_TEXT="AutomaticLayout.level,4" COLOR="#111111"> -<font SIZE="10"/> -</stylenode> -</stylenode> -</stylenode> -</map_styles> -</hook> -<hook NAME="AutomaticEdgeColor" COUNTER="5"/> -<richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - 增强的内部网关路由协议，Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol - </p> - <p> - - </p> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.2px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(51, 51, 51)" face="Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" size="16px">有着链路状态路由协议的一些特性，EIGRP分类为距离矢量路由协议类别，被指为</font></span><font color="rgb(51, 51, 51)" face="Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" size="16px"><strong style="font-weight: 700; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; letter-spacing: 0.2px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255)"><b>一种高级的距离矢量路由协议</b></strong><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.2px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none">。EIGRP</span><strong style="font-weight: 700; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-style: normal; letter-spacing: 0.2px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255)"><b>直接在IP上运行，使用协议编号88</b></strong><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.2px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none">。</span></font> - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -<node TEXT="作为IGRP的改进" POSITION="right" ID="ID_1946291867" CREATED="1488439912252" MODIFIED="1488440435876"> -<edge COLOR="#ff0000"/> -<richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - 为解决其先前专有的距离矢量路由协议，内部网关路由协议（Interior Gateway Routing Protocol, IGRP）的某些缺陷，思科公司就开发了EIGRP。IGRP相比路由信息协议（Routing Information Protocol, RIP），确实有着一些改进，比如对更多跳数的支持；但IGRP仍有着那些传统距离矢量路由协议的局限，这些局限如下所示： - </p> - <ul> - <li> - 发送完整的周期性路由更新，sending full periodic routing updates - </li> - <li> - 跳数限制，a hop limitation - </li> - <li> - 缺少对变长子网掩码的支持，the lack of VLSM support - </li> - <li> - 收敛速度慢，slow convergence - </li> - <li> - 缺少防止环回形成的机制，the lack of loop prevention mechanisms - </li> - </ul> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -</node> -<node TEXT="特性" POSITION="left" ID="ID_742464032" CREATED="1488440827539" MODIFIED="1488440833210"> -<edge COLOR="#0000ff"/> -<node TEXT="非周期性的、增量式路由更新" ID="ID_1494689772" CREATED="1488440836463" MODIFIED="1488440866531"/> -<node TEXT="默认跳数100,可通过路由配置命令‘metric maximum-hops <1-255>’加以配置，可适用于较大型网络" ID="ID_1261197946" CREATED="1488440871697" MODIFIED="1488440957020"/> -<node TEXT="通过表示并传输路由条目的TLVs中的前缀长度字段，实现对VLSM的支持" ID="ID_570960465" CREATED="1488440965288" MODIFIED="1488441026053"/> -<node TEXT="更快的收敛速度" ID="ID_867517146" CREATED="1488441068482" MODIFIED="1488441080021"/> -<node TEXT="采用弥散更新算法（DUAL），对邻居通告的所有路由进行跟踪，并选出到目的网络的最优无环回路径。确保整个网络中无环回。" ID="ID_1696941246" CREATED="1488441381243" MODIFIED="1488441481293"/> -</node> -<node TEXT="自治系统编号" POSITION="right" ID="ID_998083735" CREATED="1488441591009" MODIFIED="1488510516796"> -<edge COLOR="#ff00ff"/> -<richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - autonomous system number, ASN - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -<arrowlink SHAPE="CUBIC_CURVE" COLOR="#000000" WIDTH="2" TRANSPARENCY="80" FONT_SIZE="9" FONT_FAMILY="SansSerif" DESTINATION="ID_969326485" STARTINCLINATION="230;307;" ENDINCLINATION="114;314;" STARTARROW="NONE" ENDARROW="DEFAULT"/> -<node TEXT="一个32位整数，大小介于1-65535之间。" ID="ID_738965589" CREATED="1488441925659" MODIFIED="1488441929221"/> -<node TEXT="运行EIGRP的那些路由器都必须位处同一自治系统中，以成功形成邻居关系" ID="ID_1099714175" CREATED="1488441933969" MODIFIED="1488441945387"/> -</node> -<node TEXT="在路由器上开启与检查EIGRP" POSITION="left" ID="ID_256067925" CREATED="1488441685544" MODIFIED="1488441717259"> -<edge COLOR="#00ffff"/> -<node TEXT="‘router eigrp [ASN]’" ID="ID_969326485" CREATED="1488441726213" MODIFIED="1488442166459"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.2px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(51, 51, 51)" face="Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" size="16px">在全局配置命令</font></span><code style="font-family: Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace; font-size: 0.85em; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0; padding-right: 0; padding-bottom: 0; padding-left: 0; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: medium; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: medium; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: medium; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: medium; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); background-color: rgb(247, 247, 247); font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.2px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px"><font face="Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace" size="0.85em" color="rgb(51, 51, 51)">router eigrp [ASN]</font></code><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.2px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(51, 51, 51)" face="Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" size="16px">之后, 路由器就转变为EIGRP路由器配置模式（EIGRP Router Configuration mode）了，在这里就可以对那些跟EIGRP有关的参数进行配置了。</font></span> - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -<arrowlink SHAPE="CUBIC_CURVE" COLOR="#000000" WIDTH="2" TRANSPARENCY="80" FONT_SIZE="9" FONT_FAMILY="SansSerif" DESTINATION="ID_381229241" STARTINCLINATION="91;-125;" ENDINCLINATION="-38;-472;" STARTARROW="NONE" ENDARROW="DEFAULT"/> -</node> -<node TEXT="‘show ip protocols’" ID="ID_318286374" CREATED="1488441799845" MODIFIED="1488533033772"> -<arrowlink SHAPE="CUBIC_CURVE" COLOR="#000000" WIDTH="2" TRANSPARENCY="80" FONT_SIZE="9" FONT_FAMILY="SansSerif" DESTINATION="ID_130543540" STARTINCLINATION="286;29;" ENDINCLINATION="470;0;" STARTARROW="NONE" ENDARROW="DEFAULT"/> -</node> -<node TEXT="‘show ip eigrp neighbours’" ID="ID_135258025" CREATED="1488441839680" MODIFIED="1488442025404"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.2px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(51, 51, 51)" face="Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" size="16px">打印出所有EIGRP邻居，以及这些邻居各自自治系统的信息。</font></span> - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -</node> -<node TEXT="‘show ip eigrp [ASN]’" ID="ID_1305606530" CREATED="1488441862798" MODIFIED="1488442077143"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <font color="rgb(51, 51, 51)" face="Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" size="16px">在那些运行了多个EIGRP实例的路由器上，可使用</font><code style="font-family: Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace; font-size: 0.85em; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0; padding-right: 0; padding-bottom: 0; padding-left: 0; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: medium; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: medium; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: medium; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: medium; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); background-color: rgb(247, 247, 247); font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.2px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px"><font face="Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace" size="0.85em" color="rgb(51, 51, 51)">show ip eigrp [ASN]</font></code><font color="rgb(51, 51, 51)" face="Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" size="16px">命令，来查看只与在此命令中所指定的自治系统有关的信息。 </font> - </p> - <p> - - </p> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.2px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(51, 51, 51)" face="Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" size="16px">如</font></span><code style="font-family: Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace; font-size: 0.85em; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0; padding-right: 0; padding-bottom: 0; padding-left: 0; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: medium; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: medium; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: medium; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: medium; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); background-color: rgb(247, 247, 247); font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.2px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px"><font face="Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace" size="0.85em" color="rgb(51, 51, 51)">show ip eigrp</font></code><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.2px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(51, 51, 51)" face="Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif" size="16px">命令没有指定自治系统，那么在思科IOS软件中该命令默认将打印出所有EIGRP实例的信息。</font></span> - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -</node> -</node> -<node TEXT="EIGRP路由器配置模式（EIGRP Router Configuration mode）" POSITION="right" ID="ID_381229241" CREATED="1488442088621" MODIFIED="1488442226247"> -<edge COLOR="#ffff00"/> -<node TEXT="‘network’命令" ID="ID_968905703" CREATED="1488442230445" MODIFIED="1488446974132"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <font color="rgb(51, 51, 51)" face="Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif">使用</font><code style="font-family: Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace; font-size: 0.85em; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding-top: 0; padding-right: 0; padding-bottom: 0; padding-left: 0; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: medium; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: medium; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: medium; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: medium; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); background-color: rgb(247, 247, 247); font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.2px; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px"><font face="Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace" size="0.85em" color="rgb(51, 51, 51)">network</font></code><font color="rgb(51, 51, 51)" face="Helvetica Neue, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif">命令，来指明要在哪些网络（接口上）开启EIGRP路由</font>  。 - </p> - <p> - - </p> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(106, 115, 125); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(106, 115, 125)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">当在生产网络中对EIGRP进行配置时，</font></span><font color="rgb(106, 115, 125)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px"><strong style="font-weight: 600; color: rgb(106, 115, 125); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255)"><b>一般做法都是使用全0的通配符掩码或全1的子网掩码</b></strong><span style="color: rgb(106, 115, 125); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none">。</span></font> - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -</node> -<node TEXT="‘metric maximum-hops <1-255>’" ID="ID_940152151" CREATED="1488446483152" MODIFIED="1488446530574"/> -</node> -<node TEXT="自动汇总" POSITION="left" ID="ID_1671422477" CREATED="1488446582583" MODIFIED="1488446614852"> -<edge COLOR="#7c0000"/> -<node TEXT="‘auto-summary’与‘no auto-summary’" ID="ID_586387233" CREATED="1488446618554" MODIFIED="1488446636635"/> -<node TEXT="通配符掩码（wildcard masks）" ID="ID_916577661" CREATED="1488446640774" MODIFIED="1488446729841"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">为了提供到对那些开启EIGRP路由的网络进行更细粒度的控制，思科IOS软件支持在对EIGRP进行配置，将通配符掩码与</font></span><code style="font-family: SFMono-Regular, Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace; font-size: 13.6px; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0; padding-right: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px"><font face="SFMono-Regular, Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace" size="13.6px" color="rgb(36, 41, 46)">network</font></code><span style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">语句一起配合使用（in order to provide more granular control of the networks that are enabled for EIGRP routing, Cisco IOS software supports the use of wildcard masks in conjunction with the</font></span><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px"><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></font><code style="font-family: SFMono-Regular, Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace; font-size: 13.6px; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0; padding-right: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px"><font face="SFMono-Regular, Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace" size="13.6px" color="rgb(36, 41, 46)">network</font></code><span class="Apple-converted-space"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px"> </font></span><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px"><span style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none">statement when configuring EIGRP）。这里的通配符掩码，以与ACLs中用到的通配符掩码类似的方式运作，而与网络的子网掩码是不相干的。</span></font> - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -</node> -<node TEXT="子网掩码" ID="ID_1948052782" CREATED="1488446774431" MODIFIED="1488446807423"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 16px; color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px"> - 除了使用通配符掩码，也可以使用子网掩码来配置<code style="font-family: SFMono-Regular, Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace; font-size: 13.6px; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0; padding-right: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px"><font face="SFMono-Regular, Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace" size="13.6px">network</font></code>命令。在此情况下，思科IOS软件将翻转子网掩码，而使用通配符掩码来保存该命令。比如，参照路由器上同样的环回借口，路由器R1也可被如下这样进行配置： - </p> - <pre style="font-family: SFMono-Regular, Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace; font-size: 13.6px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 16px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.45; padding-top: 16px; padding-right: 16px; padding-bottom: 16px; padding-left: 16px; background-color: rgb(246, 248, 250); color: rgb(36, 41, 46); letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; word-spacing: 0px"><code style="font-family: SFMono-Regular, Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace; font-size: 13.6px; padding-top: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; background-image: null; background-repeat: repeat; background-attachment: scroll; background-position: null; white-space: pre; border-top-style: none; border-top-width: 0px; border-right-style: none; border-right-width: 0px; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: 0px; border-left-style: none; border-left-width: 0px; display: inline; line-height: inherit"><font face="SFMono-Regular, Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace" size="13.6px">R1(config-router)#router eigrp 150 -R1(config-router)#network 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 -R1(config-router)#network 10.3.3.0 255.255.255.0 -R1(config-router)#exit</font></code></pre> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -</node> -</node> -<node TEXT="各种报文" POSITION="right" ID="ID_1374905063" CREATED="1488447063835" MODIFIED="1488447077987"> -<edge COLOR="#00007c"/> -<node TEXT="数据包" ID="ID_28274295" CREATED="1488447086690" MODIFIED="1488447093314"> -<node TEXT="头部" ID="ID_1213934538" CREATED="1488447125705" MODIFIED="1488447139126"> -<node TEXT="第一个32位" ID="ID_729289884" CREATED="1488447144543" MODIFIED="1488447159456"> -<node TEXT="4位的版本字段" ID="ID_1508371739" CREATED="1488447165487" MODIFIED="1488447429144"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">用于表明该协议的版本</font></span> - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -</node> -<node TEXT="4位OPCode字段" ID="ID_688618366" CREATED="1488447178747" MODIFIED="1488507363516"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">指定了EIGRP数据包或报文的类型。</font></span> - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -<arrowlink SHAPE="CUBIC_CURVE" COLOR="#000000" WIDTH="2" TRANSPARENCY="80" FONT_SIZE="9" FONT_FAMILY="SansSerif" DESTINATION="ID_316190448" STARTINCLINATION="-203;0;" ENDINCLINATION="-132;-90;" STARTARROW="NONE" ENDARROW="DEFAULT"/> -</node> -<node TEXT="24位的校验和字段" ID="ID_579786768" CREATED="1488447211857" MODIFIED="1488447528172"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">对该EIGRP数据包做完整性检查的（a sanity check）。</font></span> - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -</node> -</node> -<node TEXT="标志字段（Flags field,32位）" ID="ID_1971077671" CREATED="1488447677010" MODIFIED="1488447760796"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">表明该EIGRP数据包或报文是一个新的EIGRP邻居的</font></span><code style="font-family: SFMono-Regular, Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace; font-size: 13.6px; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0; padding-right: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px"><font face="SFMono-Regular, Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace" size="13.6px" color="rgb(36, 41, 46)">INIT</font></code><span style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">, 还是EIGRP的可靠传输协议（Reliable Transport Protocol, RTP）的有条件接受（the Conditional Receive, CR）的</font></span><code style="font-family: SFMono-Regular, Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace; font-size: 13.6px; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0; padding-right: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px"><font face="SFMono-Regular, Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace" size="13.6px" color="rgb(36, 41, 46)">INIT</font></code><span style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">。</font></span> - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -</node> -<node TEXT="序列字段（the Sequence field, 32位）" ID="ID_67631088" CREATED="1488447770894" MODIFIED="1488447818692"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">指定了EIGRP可靠传输协议所用到的顺序编号（the sequence number），用以可靠数据包的顺序投送。</font></span> - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -</node> -<node TEXT="确认字段（the Acknowledgement field, 32位）" ID="ID_1761019976" CREATED="1488447823270" MODIFIED="1488447868840"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">用于EIGRP可靠数据包的接收确认。</font></span> - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -</node> -<node TEXT="自治系统编号字段（the Autonomous System Number field, 32位）" ID="ID_725584311" CREATED="1488447875909" MODIFIED="1488447921457"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">指定了该EIGRP域（the EIGRP domain）的自治系统编号（ASN）。</font></span> - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -</node> -<node TEXT="类型/长度/值三联体字段(the Type/Length/Value(TLV) triplet field, 32位)" ID="ID_1094281196" CREATED="1488448394970" MODIFIED="1488448436904"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">用于路由条目运送及EIGRP弥散更新算法信息的提供</font></span> - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -<node TEXT="参数TLV, the Parameters TLV" ID="ID_1478916501" CREATED="1488448452056" MODIFIED="1488448483938"/> -<node TEXT="序列TLV,the Sequence TLV,由可靠传输协议所使用" ID="ID_176401302" CREATED="1488448490199" MODIFIED="1488448531675"/> -<node TEXT="下一次多播序号TLV，The Next Multicast Sequence TLV，由可靠传输协议所使用" ID="ID_853283874" CREATED="1488448537225" MODIFIED="1488448590539"/> -</node> -</node> -<node TEXT="类型（由OPCode确定）" ID="ID_316190448" CREATED="1488502353701" MODIFIED="1488502372890"> -<node TEXT="Hello数据包（Hello packets） - 5" ID="ID_1499895068" CREATED="1488447497564" MODIFIED="1488507680110"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">被用于邻居的识别，同时邻居一经识别，Hello报文就用于在邻居直接作为一种保持活动机制，发挥作用（these messages are used to identify neighbours and, once identified, serve or function as a keepalive mechanism between neighbours）。 </font> - </p> - <p> - - </p> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">不需要发出确认数据包来确认其已收到的（Hello packets sent by EIGRP do not require an Acknowledgment to be sent confirming that they were received）。因为Hello数据包不需要显式的确认，所以它们被分类为不可靠的EIGRP数据包（Hello packets are classified as unreliable EIGRP packets）。</font></span> - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -</node> -<node TEXT="确认数据包（Acknowledgement packets） - 5" ID="ID_323938954" CREATED="1488502197153" MODIFIED="1488508763105"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">简单地就是一个不包含数据的EIGRP Hello数据包。EIGRP使用确认数据包来对EIGRP数据包的可靠送达进行确认。这些确认数据包（the ACK packets）总是发送到一个单播地址（a Unicast address）, 该地址就是可靠数据包发送方的源地址（the source address of the sender of the reliable packet），而并不是EIGRP的多播组地址了。此外，确认数据包将总是会包含一个非零的确认编号（a non-zero acknowledgment number）。确认数据包使用了Hello数据包相同的OPCode, 因为其本来就是一个不包含任何信息的Hello数据包。其OPCode为5。</font></span> - </p> - <p> - - </p> - <p> - （本质上是Hello数据包，额外带有一个非零的确认字段） - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -</node> -<node TEXT="更新数据包（Update packets） - 1" ID="ID_1118454370" CREATED="1488502307817" MODIFIED="1488523704670"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">增强IGRP的更新数据包被用于传送目标的可达性（used to convey reachability of destinations）。也就是说，更新数据包包含了EIGRP的路由更新。在发现了一个新的邻居时，就会通过单播发出更新数据包（往该新的邻居），如此新的邻居就能够建立起自己的EIGRP拓扑表了。在其它比如某条链路的开销改变时，就会经由多播发出更新数据包。重要的是记住更新数据包都是可靠地传输的，且总是要求显式的确认。</font></span> - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -<hook NAME="FirstGroupNode"/> -</node> -<node TEXT="查询数据包（Query packets） - 3" ID="ID_3516227" CREATED="1488502339419" MODIFIED="1488509011451"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">是多播的，并被用于请求可靠的路由信息。EIGRP的查询数据包是在某条路由不可用，但该路由器却需要为快速收敛而对该路由的状态进行应答时，发送给其邻居的数据包。如发出查询数据包的路由器未能从其所有邻居收到响应，其就会再度向那些未响应的邻居发出一次查询。如在16此尝试后都没有响应，那么EIGRP的邻居就被重置。</font></span> - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -</node> -<node TEXT="应答数据包（Reply packets） - 4" ID="ID_1937846358" CREATED="1488502390418" MODIFIED="1488509033800"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">增强IGRP的应答数据包是作为对查询数据包的响应发送的。应答数据包用于响应一个查询数据包。应答数据包是到查询发起方的单播数据包。</font></span> - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -</node> -<node TEXT="使用可靠传输协议" ID="ID_1456907576" CREATED="1488523704668" MODIFIED="1488523735085"> -<hook NAME="SummaryNode"/> -<arrowlink SHAPE="CUBIC_CURVE" COLOR="#000000" WIDTH="2" TRANSPARENCY="80" FONT_SIZE="9" FONT_FAMILY="SansSerif" DESTINATION="ID_1858219459" STARTINCLINATION="157;34;" ENDINCLINATION="412;0;" STARTARROW="NONE" ENDARROW="DEFAULT"/> -</node> -<node TEXT="请求数据包（Request packets）" ID="ID_1449478717" CREATED="1488502391971" MODIFIED="1488509070833"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">用于从一个或多个邻居处获取特定信息的，且是在一些路由服务器应用中用到的（used in roue server applications）。这些数据包既可通过单播、也可通过多播进行发送，但它们总是以不可靠方式传输的。也就是说，它们无需显式的确认。</font></span> - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -</node> -</node> -<node TEXT="多播数据包" ID="ID_157967783" CREATED="1488523948197" MODIFIED="1488531532544"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">诸如以太网这样的广播多路访问网络，EIGRP就会向网段上的每台路由器发送多播数据包，而不是单个数据包（单播）（On Broadcast Multi-Access networks such as Ethernet, EIGRP uses Multicast packets instead of sending an individual packet(Unicast) to each router on the segment）。但在没有从多路访问网段上一台或更多的邻居收到响应时，还是会用单播发送数据包。</font></span> - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -</node> -<node TEXT="单播数据包" ID="ID_1949461275" CREATED="1488531793810" MODIFIED="1488531803846"> -<node TEXT="在没有从多路访问网段上一台或更多的邻居收到响应时（多播流计时器超时），还是会用单播发送数据包。" ID="ID_1967749860" CREATED="1488531831308" MODIFIED="1488531849483"/> -<node TEXT="在速率低于T1的那些点对点链路上" ID="ID_1589554786" CREATED="1488531897614" MODIFIED="1488531930622"/> -</node> -</node> -<node TEXT="链路本地多播组地址‘224.0.0.10’" ID="ID_110212508" CREATED="1488507486172" MODIFIED="1488511866096"> -<arrowlink SHAPE="CUBIC_CURVE" COLOR="#000000" WIDTH="2" TRANSPARENCY="80" FONT_SIZE="9" FONT_FAMILY="SansSerif" DESTINATION="ID_1163430471" STARTINCLINATION="-113;75;" ENDINCLINATION="-42;231;" STARTARROW="NONE" ENDARROW="DEFAULT"/> -</node> -<node TEXT="以IP协议封装，协议编号‘88’" ID="ID_844221658" CREATED="1488507537921" MODIFIED="1488511878759"> -<arrowlink SHAPE="CUBIC_CURVE" COLOR="#000000" WIDTH="2" TRANSPARENCY="80" FONT_SIZE="9" FONT_FAMILY="SansSerif" DESTINATION="ID_1163430471" STARTINCLINATION="-163;175;" ENDINCLINATION="83;201;" STARTARROW="NONE" ENDARROW="DEFAULT"/> -</node> -</node> -<node TEXT="运作（Operation）" POSITION="left" ID="ID_413409270" CREATED="1488509647968" MODIFIED="1488509664624"> -<edge COLOR="#007c00"/> -<node TEXT="邻居发现与邻居维护" ID="ID_726876182" CREATED="1488509837801" MODIFIED="1488522464892"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - Neighbour Discovery and Maintenance - </p> - <p> - <font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">可将EIGRP配置为动态地发现相邻路由器（这是默认选项）（discover neighbouring routers dynamically），或者经由管理员手动配置来发现相邻路由器。</font> - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -<arrowlink SHAPE="CUBIC_CURVE" COLOR="#000000" WIDTH="2" TRANSPARENCY="80" FONT_SIZE="9" FONT_FAMILY="SansSerif" DESTINATION="ID_991569361" STARTINCLINATION="107;0;" ENDINCLINATION="107;0;" STARTARROW="NONE" ENDARROW="DEFAULT"/> -<node TEXT="动态的邻居发现" ID="ID_1163430471" CREATED="1488509954484" MODIFIED="1488511156357"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">Dynamic Neighbour Discovery, 通过往目的多播组地址（the destination Multicast group address）</font><code style="font-family: SFMono-Regular, Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace; font-size: 13.6px; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0; padding-right: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px"><font face="SFMono-Regular, Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace" size="13.6px" color="rgb(36, 41, 46)">224.0.0.10</font></code><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">, 发送EIGRP的Hello数据包完成的。动态邻居发现，又是紧跟着在路由器配置EIGRP时</font><code style="font-family: SFMono-Regular, Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace; font-size: 13.6px; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0; padding-right: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px"><font face="SFMono-Regular, Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace" size="13.6px" color="rgb(36, 41, 46)">network</font></code><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">命令的执行，而完成的。此外，如早先指出的那样，EIGRP数据包是直接透过IP、使用协议编号88发送的。</font> - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -<node TEXT="EIGRP的‘network’命令" ID="ID_846909943" CREATED="1488511610878" MODIFIED="1488511625671"/> -</node> -<node TEXT="形成邻居关系的条件（一些参数需要匹配）" ID="ID_384870272" CREATED="1488510513765" MODIFIED="1488510612289"> -<node TEXT="所配置的认证参数" ID="ID_652772112" CREATED="1488510552957" MODIFIED="1488510570132"/> -<node TEXT="所有K值" ID="ID_769899633" CREATED="1488510578004" MODIFIED="1488510591722"/> -<node TEXT="自治系统编号" ID="ID_1289724208" CREATED="1488510596520" MODIFIED="1488510605669"/> -<node TEXT="不能使用接口的第二地址" ID="ID_597969843" CREATED="1488510611092" MODIFIED="1488510657255"/> -<node TEXT="位于同一子网" ID="ID_659838755" CREATED="1488510662383" MODIFIED="1488510686628"/> -</node> -<node TEXT="静态邻居发现" ID="ID_703667326" CREATED="1488511214890" MODIFIED="1488511474449"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol">Static Neighbour Discovery, 静态EIGRP邻居关系需要在路由器上对手动配置邻居。在配置好静态EIGRP邻居后，本地路由器就使用单播邻居地址，往所配置的那些路由器，发送数据包。 </font> - </p> - <p> - - </p> - <p> - <font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">其使用是十分罕见的。这主要是因为手动邻居配置在大型网络中无法适应其规模。<span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none">一个主要实例，就是在那些没有广播或多播数据原生支持的传输介质，比如帧中继上，部署EIGRP的情况下</span></font> 。 - </p> - <p> - - </p> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">另一实例就是，为了在多路访问网络，比如以太网上，仅有少数几台开启了EIGRP的路由器时，为了防止发送不必要的EIGRP数据包的情形。在此情况下，除开基本的EIGRP配置，还必须在本地路由器上对</font></span><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px"><strong style="font-weight: 600; color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255)"><b>所有</b></strong><span style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none">静态EIGRP邻居配置</span></font><code style="font-family: SFMono-Regular, Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace; font-size: 13.6px; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0; padding-right: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px"><font face="SFMono-Regular, Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace" size="13.6px" color="rgb(36, 41, 46)">neighbour</font></code><span style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">命令。如果一台路由器被配置为使用单播（静态），而其它路由器又被配置为使用多播（动态），那么这些开启了EIGRP的路由器是不会建立邻接关系的</font></span> 。 - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -<node TEXT="EIGRP的‘neighbour’命令" ID="ID_1778060423" CREATED="1488511631744" MODIFIED="1488511647395"/> -</node> -</node> -</node> -<node TEXT="计时器（Timers）" POSITION="right" ID="ID_662125846" CREATED="1488511803778" MODIFIED="1488511846729"> -<edge COLOR="#7c007c"/> -<richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">对不同传输介质，使用不同的Hello及保持计数器。</font></span> - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -<node TEXT="Hello计时器（Hello timers）" ID="ID_1842675197" CREATED="1488511864356" MODIFIED="1488511940133"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">Hello计时器被用于确定发送EIGRP Hello数据包的时间间隔。</font></span> - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -</node> -<node TEXT="保持计时器（Hold timers）" ID="ID_1889470482" CREATED="1488511877221" MODIFIED="1488512395846"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol">用于确定路由器在认为其某个邻居宕机前，要经历的时间（the Hold timer is used to determine the time that will elapse before a router consider an EIGRP neighbour as down）。 </font> - </p> - <p> - - </p> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">保持时间是在EIGRP的Hello数据包中通告的</font></span> 。 - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -</node> -<node TEXT="多播流计时器（the Multicast Flow Timer, MFT）" ID="ID_1717486668" CREATED="1488531657867" MODIFIED="1488532088042"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">或简单的说就是流计时器（the Flow Timer），是发送方路由器等待自某个组成员的确认数据包的最长时间。</font></span> - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -<arrowlink SHAPE="CUBIC_CURVE" COLOR="#000000" WIDTH="2" TRANSPARENCY="80" FONT_SIZE="9" FONT_FAMILY="SansSerif" DESTINATION="ID_176401302" STARTINCLINATION="794;0;" ENDINCLINATION="794;0;" STARTARROW="NONE" ENDARROW="DEFAULT"/> -</node> -<node TEXT="广播网络、点对点串行网络、点对点子接口网络及高于T1线路速率的多点电路网络，Hello计时器-5s" ID="ID_1482205595" CREATED="1488512009951" MODIFIED="1488512139869"/> -<node TEXT="其它链路类型网络上（包括速率低于T1线路的低带宽的WAN链路），Hello计时器-60s" ID="ID_1635327101" CREATED="1488512034936" MODIFIED="1488512153227"/> -<node TEXT="重传超时（the Retransmission Timeout, RTO）" ID="ID_820094127" CREATED="1488531976478" MODIFIED="1488531999427"/> -<node TEXT="默认保持时间是Hello间隔的三倍(但不是强制要求，只是建议的做法）" ID="ID_1709808243" CREATED="1488512177222" MODIFIED="1488512203768"/> -<node TEXT="ip hello-interval eigrp <ASN> <secs>" ID="ID_123985587" CREATED="1488512239370" MODIFIED="1488522242269"> -<hook NAME="FirstGroupNode"/> -</node> -<node TEXT="ip hold-time eigrp <ASN> <secs>" ID="ID_1676421280" CREATED="1488512257529" MODIFIED="1488512260643"/> -<node TEXT="调整默认EIGRP计时器数值的最常见原因，就是要加速路由协议的收敛。" ID="ID_1381838492" CREATED="1488522242267" MODIFIED="1488522253370"> -<hook NAME="SummaryNode"/> -</node> -<node TEXT="show ip eigrp interfaces detail <name>" ID="ID_738828388" CREATED="1488522189559" MODIFIED="1488522193153"/> -</node> -<node TEXT="EIGRP的各种表" POSITION="left" ID="ID_511805399" CREATED="1488522330318" MODIFIED="1488522548996"> -<edge COLOR="#007c7c"/> -<node TEXT="邻居表（Neighbour Table）" ID="ID_991569361" CREATED="1488522349692" MODIFIED="1489372683112"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">使用EIGRP邻居表来维护有关EIGRP邻居的状态信息。</font></span> - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -<arrowlink SHAPE="CUBIC_CURVE" COLOR="#000000" WIDTH="2" TRANSPARENCY="80" FONT_SIZE="9" FONT_FAMILY="SansSerif" DESTINATION="ID_1858219459" STARTINCLINATION="231;232;" ENDINCLINATION="35;51;" STARTARROW="NONE" ENDARROW="DEFAULT"/> -<node TEXT="记录邻居的地址和接口" ID="ID_1433357842" CREATED="1488522571841" MODIFIED="1488522581413"/> -<node TEXT="可靠传输协议所需要的信息" ID="ID_542365132" CREATED="1488522598184" MODIFIED="1488522802561"> -<node TEXT="一个顺序编号" ID="ID_1891088110" CREATED="1488522812331" MODIFIED="1488522833470"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">EIGRP邻居表条目中记录了从该邻居收到的最后一个顺序编号，以便检测出那些次序被打乱了的数据包</font>  。 - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -</node> -<node TEXT="传输清单" ID="ID_351910443" CREATED="1488522837933" MODIFIED="1488522860132"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">邻居表包含了每个邻居的一个用于在可能需要重传时，对数据包进行排队的传输清单。</font></span> - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -</node> -<node TEXT="往返计时器" ID="ID_198542419" CREATED="1488522867698" MODIFIED="1488522903563"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">在邻居数据结构中还有着一些往返计时器，使用这些计时器来估算出最优重传间隔</font></span> 。 - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -</node> -</node> -<node TEXT="show ip eigrp neighbours" ID="ID_146996487" CREATED="1488522917303" MODIFIED="1488522920624"/> -<node TEXT="show ip eigrp neighbours detail（邻居是动态发现，还是手工静态配置的）" ID="ID_292179320" CREATED="1488523574018" MODIFIED="1488523612176"/> -<node TEXT="show ip eigrp neighbours static <interface>（查看接口上的静态邻居）" ID="ID_828507369" CREATED="1488523625950" MODIFIED="1488523642725"/> -</node> -<node TEXT="拓扑表（Topology Table）" ID="ID_500020364" CREATED="1488532107043" MODIFIED="1488769227787"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">是由EIGRP的各种协议相关模块（Protocol-Dependent Modules, PDMs）, 在弥散更新算法的有限状态机之上（the DUAL Finite State Machine），运算得到的（The EIGRP topology table is populated by EIGRP PDMs acted upon by the DUAL Finite State Machine）。</font></span> - </p> - <p> - - </p> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">由已形成邻居关系的EIGRP路由器（neighbouring EIGRP routers）通告的所有目的网络与子网，都被存储在EIGRP拓扑表中。该表包含了后继路由器路由、可行后继路由器路由，甚至那些并不满足可行条件的路由（This includes Successor routes, FS routes, and even routes that have not met the FC）。</font></span> - </p> - <p> - - </p> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">正是拓扑表，才令到所有EIGRP路由器对整个网络，有着一致的视图。其还实现了EIGRP网络中的快速收敛。在拓扑表中的每个单独条目，都包含了某个目的网络及那些通告了该目的网络的</font></span><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px"><strong style="font-weight: 600; color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255)"><b>那些</b></strong><span style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none">路由器。可行距离及通告距离，都被存储在拓扑表中。EIGRP的拓扑表，包含了构建一个到所有可达网络的距离与矢量集合的所需信息</span></font> 。 - </p> - <p> - - </p> - <p> - <font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">EIGRP的拓扑表包含了到那些远端目网络的主要及替代（备份）路径。</font> - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -<node TEXT="show ip eigrp topology" ID="ID_1366976121" CREATED="1488769338298" MODIFIED="1488769341996"/> -<node TEXT="show ip eigrp topology [network]/[prefix]" ID="ID_1470964052" CREATED="1488769480830" MODIFIED="1488769483688"/> -<node TEXT="show ip eigrp topology [network] [mask]" ID="ID_892317951" CREATED="1488769491447" MODIFIED="1488769494479"/> -<node TEXT="show ip eigrp topology all-links" ID="ID_1824062797" CREATED="1489372679159" MODIFIED="1489372683170"/> -<node TEXT="路由条目" ID="ID_992838929" CREATED="1488769555754" MODIFIED="1488769562467"> -<node TEXT="到目的网络的最低带宽" ID="ID_107847197" CREATED="1488769235172" MODIFIED="1488769243660"/> -<node TEXT="到目的网络的总/累积延迟" ID="ID_1123647599" CREATED="1488769251465" MODIFIED="1488769255197"/> -<node TEXT="到目的网络路径的可靠性" ID="ID_1139971552" CREATED="1488769263134" MODIFIED="1488769265861"/> -<node TEXT="到目的网络路径的负载" ID="ID_1025571673" CREATED="1488769272234" MODIFIED="1488769275473"/> -<node TEXT="到目的网络的最大传输单元的最小值" ID="ID_1309597839" CREATED="1488769282602" MODIFIED="1488769285559"/> -<node TEXT="到目的网络的可行距离" ID="ID_1908188406" CREATED="1488769292785" MODIFIED="1488769295141"/> -<node TEXT="由邻居路由器所报告的到目的网络的报告距离（RD）" ID="ID_145007898" CREATED="1488769302700" MODIFIED="1488769305641"/> -<node TEXT="目的网络的路由源（仅针对那些外部路由），The route source(only external routes) of the destination network" ID="ID_1134410358" CREATED="1488769318628" MODIFIED="1488769321245"/> -</node> -<node TEXT="路由条目状态" ID="ID_1627217178" CREATED="1488769600815" MODIFIED="1488769616851"> -<node TEXT="被动状态（Passive）" ID="ID_1421868550" CREATED="1488769620152" MODIFIED="1488769668810"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">处于被动状态的某条路由，表明EIGRP已经完成了该路由度量值的主动计算，同时可以使用该后继路由将流量转发到目的网络。此状态是拓扑表中所有路由的首选状态。</font></span> - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -</node> -<node TEXT="主动状态（活动、活跃状态，Active）" ID="ID_518662768" CREATED="1488769633234" MODIFIED="1489372735569"/> -</node> -</node> -</node> -<node TEXT="可靠传输协议（the Reliable Transport Protocol, RTP）" POSITION="right" ID="ID_1858219459" CREATED="1488522625540" MODIFIED="1488522651389"> -<edge COLOR="#7c7c00"/> -<node TEXT="顺序编号" ID="ID_1827144534" CREATED="1488523796112" MODIFIED="1488523801859"/> -<node TEXT="接收方发出确认数据包" ID="ID_1067248730" CREATED="1488523806136" MODIFIED="1488523828828"/> -<node TEXT="未确认数据包的传输窗口" ID="ID_591270906" CREATED="1488523852214" MODIFIED="1488523854066"/> -<node TEXT="重传（发送方未收到确认时）" ID="ID_1041902323" CREATED="1488523864044" MODIFIED="1488523893011"/> -<node TEXT="使用多播及单播数据包" ID="ID_1106895876" CREATED="1488523916993" MODIFIED="1488523931931"/> -</node> -<node TEXT="度量值（Metrics）" POSITION="left" ID="ID_130543540" CREATED="1488532346667" MODIFIED="1488532362119"> -<edge COLOR="#ff0000"/> -<node TEXT="EIGRP的综合度量值（the EIGRP composite metric）" ID="ID_710918340" CREATED="1488532389499" MODIFIED="1488532502078"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">包含了以不同的K值所表示的不同变量（Enhanced IGRP uses a composite metric, which includes different variables referred to as the K values）。 </font> - </p> - <p> - - </p> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">这些K值是一些常量，用于赋予路径的不同方面以不同的权重，这些路径的不同方面，都可能包含在该综合EIGRP度量值中。这些K值的默认值为</font></span><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px"><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></font><code style="font-family: SFMono-Regular, Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace; font-size: 13.6px; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0; padding-right: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px"><font face="SFMono-Regular, Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace" size="13.6px" color="rgb(36, 41, 46)">K1=K3=1</font></code><span style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">,</font></span><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px"><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></font><code style="font-family: SFMono-Regular, Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace; font-size: 13.6px; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0; padding-right: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px"><font face="SFMono-Regular, Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace" size="13.6px" color="rgb(36, 41, 46)">K2=K4=K5=0</font></code><span style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">。</font></span> - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -</node> -<node TEXT="完整计算公式：[K1*带宽 + (K2*带宽)/(256-负载) + K3*延迟] * [K5/(可靠性+K4)]" ID="ID_1379196868" CREATED="1488532522978" MODIFIED="1488532624314"/> -<node TEXT="默认K值下的计算公式：[(10^7/路径上的最低带宽) + (所有延迟总和)] x 256" ID="ID_1996432976" CREATED="1488532629377" MODIFIED="1488532711092"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">实际上就是说，EIGRP使用了到目的网络的路径上的最小带宽，以及总的累积延迟，来计算理由度量值。</font></span> - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -</node> -<node TEXT="metric weights [tos] k1 k2 k3 k4 k5" ID="ID_426943112" CREATED="1488532746107" MODIFIED="1488533074549"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">在对这些EIGRP的K值进行调整时，重要的是记住在EIGRP域中的所有路由器上，都要配置上同样的这些数值。如这些K值不匹配，那么EIGRP的邻居关系就不会建立。 </font> - </p> - <p> - - </p> - <p> - <strong http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="font-weight: 600; color: rgb(106, 115, 125); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255)"><b><font color="rgb(106, 115, 125)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">注意</font></b></strong><font color="rgb(106, 115, 125)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px"><span style="color: rgb(106, 115, 125); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none">：不建议对这些默认的K值进行调整。对这些K值的调整，只应在那些对网络中这类行为造成的后果有扎实了解老练的高级工程师的指导下，或在思科公司技术支持中心的建议下完成。</span></font> - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -</node> -<node TEXT="使用接口带宽来影响EIGRP的度量值" ID="ID_138361599" CREATED="1488533091139" MODIFIED="1488533629252"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol">可通过使用</font><code style="font-family: SFMono-Regular, Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace; font-size: 13.6px; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0; padding-right: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px"><font face="SFMono-Regular, Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace" size="13.6px" color="rgb(36, 41, 46)">bandwidth</font></code><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol">命令（这是一个接口配置命令）对指定到单个接口的默认带宽进行调整，来直接对增强的IGRP度量值计算施加影响。通过此命令指定的带宽，是以千位（Kilobits）计的。在EIGRP的度量值计算中，带宽也是以千位计的。 </font> - </p> - <p> - - </p> - <p> - <strong http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="font-weight: 600; color: rgb(106, 115, 125); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255)"><b><font color="rgb(106, 115, 125)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">注意</font></b></strong><font color="rgb(106, 115, 125)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px"><span style="color: rgb(106, 115, 125); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none">: 默认在开启了EIGRP时，其可能会用到高大接口带宽的50%来发送EIGRP本身的数据包（EIGRP是一种非常话痨的协议，所以其在可能的带宽使用上进行了限制，EIGRP is a very chatty protocol, so it limits itself in possible bandwidth usage）。EIGRP是基于接口配置命令</span></font><code style="font-family: SFMono-Regular, Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace; font-size: 13.6px; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0; padding-right: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; color: rgb(106, 115, 125); font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px"><font face="SFMono-Regular, Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace" size="13.6px" color="rgb(106, 115, 125)">bandwidth</font></code><span style="color: rgb(106, 115, 125); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(106, 115, 125)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">，来判断带宽数量的。因此在对接口带宽数值进行调整时，就要记住这点。而该默认设置，可使用接口配置命令</font></span><code style="font-family: SFMono-Regular, Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace; font-size: 13.6px; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0; padding-right: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; color: rgb(106, 115, 125); font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px"><font face="SFMono-Regular, Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace" size="13.6px" color="rgb(106, 115, 125)">ip bandwidth-percent eigrp [ASN] [percentage]</font></code><span style="color: rgb(106, 115, 125); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(106, 115, 125)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">，进行修改。</font></span> - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -<hook NAME="FirstGroupNode"/> -</node> -<node TEXT="运用接口的延迟来对EIGRP的度量值计算进行影响" ID="ID_1372667938" CREATED="1488533414567" MODIFIED="1488533665199"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">接口延迟数值，是用微秒来表示的。但在EIGRP度量值计算中用到的延迟数值，是以10微秒计的（in tens of microseconds）。因此，为了计算出EIGRP的度量值，接口上的延迟数值，就必须除以10。 </font> - </p> - <p> - - </p> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">是通过使用接口配置命令</font></span><code style="font-family: SFMono-Regular, Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace; font-size: 13.6px; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0; padding-right: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px"><font face="SFMono-Regular, Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace" size="13.6px" color="rgb(36, 41, 46)">delay</font></code><span style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">进行调整的。</font></span> - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -</node> -<node TEXT="使用接口配置命令‘bandwidth’及‘delay’，并不会导致接口物理参数的变化，修改的只是数值；在对接口的带宽及延迟数值进行计算时，重要的是记住对接口带宽的调整并不会自动地调整到接口的延迟，相反也是这样。" ID="ID_178056546" CREATED="1488533629250" MODIFIED="1488533792794"> -<hook NAME="SummaryNode"/> -</node> -</node> -<node TEXT="弥散更新算法（the Diffusing Update Algorithm, DUAL）" POSITION="right" ID="ID_108761022" CREATED="1488533804267" MODIFIED="1488534362740"> -<edge COLOR="#0000ff"/> -<richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">弥散更新算法是EIGRP路由协议的关键所在。弥散更新算法会对从邻居路由器出接收到的所有路由进行观察与比较，然后选出有着到目的网络最低度量值（最优）的、无环回路径的路径，该度量值就是可行距离（the Feasible Distance, FD）, 得到后续路由（the Successor route）。可行距离既包含了由相连的路由所通告的某个网络的度量值，再加上到那台特定邻居路由器的开销。</font></span> - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -<node TEXT="可行距离（the Feasible Distance, FD）" ID="ID_982817744" CREATED="1488533893093" MODIFIED="1488533967311"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol">到目的网络最低（最优）度量值 </font> - </p> - <p> - - </p> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">既包含了由相连的路由所通告的某个网络的度量值，再加上到那台特定邻居路由器的开销。</font></span> - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -</node> -<node TEXT="报告的距离（the Reported Distance, RD）" ID="ID_882301989" CREATED="1488533971778" MODIFIED="1488534424222"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">由邻居路由器所通告的度量值，就被叫做到目的网路报告的距离（the Reported Distance, RD）, 又被叫做到目的网络通告的距离（the Advertised Distance, AD）。</font></span> - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -<hook NAME="FirstGroupNode"/> -</node> -<node TEXT="通告的距离（the Advertised Distance, AD）" ID="ID_1918689474" CREATED="1488534006277" MODIFIED="1488534026865"/> -<node TEXT="二者一致，只是不同的说法" ID="ID_78191226" CREATED="1488534424221" MODIFIED="1488534430600"> -<hook NAME="SummaryNode"/> -<arrowlink SHAPE="CUBIC_CURVE" COLOR="#000000" WIDTH="2" TRANSPARENCY="80" FONT_SIZE="9" FONT_FAMILY="SansSerif" DESTINATION="ID_982817744" STARTINCLINATION="199;0;" ENDINCLINATION="199;0;" STARTARROW="NONE" ENDARROW="DEFAULT"/> -</node> -<node TEXT="后继路由（the Successor route）" ID="ID_722703857" CREATED="1488534240245" MODIFIED="1488534298364"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">那么该后续路由的下一跳路由器，就被叫做是后续路由器（the Successor）。</font></span> - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -</node> -<node TEXT="后继路由器（the Successor）" ID="ID_328012800" CREATED="1488534208087" MODIFIED="1488769341966"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">续路由器就被放入到IP路由表（the IP routing table）及EIGRP拓扑表（the EIGRP topology table）中, 并指向到后继路由器。</font></span> - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -<arrowlink SHAPE="CUBIC_CURVE" COLOR="#000000" WIDTH="2" TRANSPARENCY="80" FONT_SIZE="9" FONT_FAMILY="SansSerif" DESTINATION="ID_500020364" STARTINCLINATION="49;186;" ENDINCLINATION="1517;107;" STARTARROW="NONE" ENDARROW="DEFAULT"/> -</node> -<node TEXT="可行后继路由器路由（Feasible Successor(FS) routes）" ID="ID_1227884102" CREATED="1488534461612" MODIFIED="1489388538248"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">到相同目的网络的其它那些有着比起后继路由器路径可行距离高一些的报告的距离，却仍然是无环回的那些路由，就被叫做是可行后继路由器路由了（Any other routes to the same destination network that have a lower RD than the FD of the Successor path are guaranteed to be loop-free and are referred to as Feasible Successor(FS) routes）。这些路由不会被放入到IP路由表中；但它们仍然会与其它后继路由器路由，一起被放入到EIGRP的拓扑表。</font></span> - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -<arrowlink SHAPE="CUBIC_CURVE" COLOR="#000000" WIDTH="2" TRANSPARENCY="80" FONT_SIZE="9" FONT_FAMILY="SansSerif" DESTINATION="ID_500020364" STARTINCLINATION="-14;258;" ENDINCLINATION="1194;469;" STARTARROW="NONE" ENDARROW="DEFAULT"/> -</node> -<node TEXT="可行条件（the Feasible Condition, FC）" ID="ID_13871399" CREATED="1488534639158" MODIFIED="1488534753424"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">而为了将某条路由变为可行后继路由器路由，该路由必须满足可行性条件（the Feasible Condition, FC）, 该可行性条件仅会在到目的网络的报告距离比起可行距离要低时，才会发生。在报告距离高于可行距离时，该路由不会被选为一条可行后继路由器路由。EIGRP这么做是为了防止可能出现的环回。</font></span> - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -<arrowlink SHAPE="CUBIC_CURVE" COLOR="#000000" WIDTH="2" TRANSPARENCY="80" FONT_SIZE="9" FONT_FAMILY="SansSerif" DESTINATION="ID_1227884102" STARTINCLINATION="89;0;" ENDINCLINATION="89;0;" STARTARROW="NONE" ENDARROW="DEFAULT"/> -</node> -<node TEXT="活动粘滞状态（Stuck-In-Active, SIA）" ID="ID_1874214817" CREATED="1488770563178" MODIFIED="1488770647538"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">任何邻居在三分钟之内没有应答，那么该路由就被称作处于活动粘滞状态（If any neighbour has not replied within three minutes, the route is said to be Stuck-In-Active(SIA)）。而当某条路由成为活动粘滞路由时，该（这些）未对查询进行响应的路由器的邻居关系，就将被重置。</font></span> - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -<node TEXT="原因" ID="ID_318430410" CREATED="1489372899107" MODIFIED="1489372907020"> -<node TEXT="该邻居路由器的CPU过载了，因此而无法及时响应" ID="ID_492872106" CREATED="1489372825934" MODIFIED="1489372839073"/> -<node TEXT="该邻居路由器本身就没有关于那条丢失路由的信息" ID="ID_1667794483" CREATED="1489372847732" MODIFIED="1489372850471"/> -<node TEXT="电路质量问题，造成数据包丢失" ID="ID_563544700" CREATED="1489372857212" MODIFIED="1489372859820"/> -<node TEXT="某些低带宽链路壅塞，从而造成数据包的延迟" ID="ID_1658084313" CREATED="1489372867218" MODIFIED="1489372870173"/> -</node> -<node TEXT="解决方法：使用路由器配置模式中的timers active-time命令，将本地路由器配置为等待多于默认的三分钟，以接收到返回给其查询数据包的响应。" ID="ID_9196005" CREATED="1489372917385" MODIFIED="1489372990718"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <strong http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="font-weight: 600; color: rgb(106, 115, 125); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255)"><b><font color="rgb(106, 115, 125)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">注意</font></b></strong><font color="rgb(106, 115, 125)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px"><span style="color: rgb(106, 115, 125); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none">：重要的是应注意在对网络中某台路由器上的该默认参数进行修改时，就必须对EIGRP路由域中的所有路由器上的该参数进行修改（It is important to note that if you change this default parameter on one EIGRP router in your network, you must change it on all the other routers within your</span><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span><strong style="font-weight: 600; color: rgb(106, 115, 125); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255)"><b>EIGRP routing domain</b></strong><span style="color: rgb(106, 115, 125); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none">）。</span></font> - </p> - </body> -</html> - -</richcontent> -</node> -</node> -</node> -<node TEXT="负载均衡" POSITION="left" ID="ID_1206623478" CREATED="1489373004213" MODIFIED="1489373117678"> -<edge COLOR="#00ff00"/> -<richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">思科IOS软件支持默认对所有路由协议高达4条路径下的相等开销的负载均衡（Cisco IOS software supports equal cost load sharing for a default of up to four paths for all routing protocols）。</font></span> - </p> - </body> -</html> - -</richcontent> -<node TEXT="相等开销下" ID="ID_532174125" CREATED="1489373014759" MODIFIED="1489373022046"> -<node TEXT="maximum-paths <1-6>（路由器配置命令）" ID="ID_1539828346" CREATED="1489373323712" MODIFIED="1489373708081"/> -</node> -<node TEXT="不相等开销下" ID="ID_701671239" CREATED="1489373026981" MODIFIED="1489373747576"> -<node TEXT="variance <multiplier>（路由器配置命令）" ID="ID_208659169" CREATED="1489373471528" MODIFIED="1489373701181"/> -<node TEXT="traffic-share balanced（路由器配置命令，无需显式配置，默认是开启的）" ID="ID_1920196621" CREATED="1489373739683" MODIFIED="1489373831313"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <code http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="font-family: SFMono-Regular, Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace; font-size: 13.6px; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0; padding-right: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; color: rgb(106, 115, 125); font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px"><font face="SFMono-Regular, Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace" size="13.6px" color="rgb(106, 115, 125)">traffic-share balanced</font></code><span style="color: rgb(106, 115, 125); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(106, 115, 125)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">命令默认是开启的，且就算对其进行了显式配置，其也不会在运行配置中出现。</font></span> - </p> - </body> -</html> - -</richcontent> -</node> -</node> -<node TEXT="一种降低收敛时间的方法" ID="ID_918569405" CREATED="1489388157881" MODIFIED="1489391741885"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">可将路由器配置命令</font></span><code style="font-family: SFMono-Regular, Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace; font-size: 13.6px; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0; padding-right: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px"><font face="SFMono-Regular, Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace" size="13.6px" color="rgb(36, 41, 46)">traffic-share min across-interfaces</font></code><span style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">，与</font></span><code style="font-family: SFMono-Regular, Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace; font-size: 13.6px; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0; padding-right: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px"><font face="SFMono-Regular, Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace" size="13.6px" color="rgb(36, 41, 46)">variance</font></code><span style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">命令结合使用，来将那些有着少于最小度量值乘以所指定倍数所有路由，都安装到路由表中，却仅使用最小（最优）度量值的那条路由（后继路由），来转发数据包，知道该路由变为不可用。此配置的主要目的，就是在主路由丢失时，保证替代路由已经处于路由表中，且立即可用（减少了收敛时间）。</font></span> - </p> - </body> -</html> - -</richcontent> -</node> -</node> -<node TEXT="将EIGRP作为默认路由" POSITION="right" ID="ID_1023986226" CREATED="1489388496954" MODIFIED="1489388513609"> -<edge COLOR="#ff00ff"/> -<node TEXT="使用ip default-network命令" ID="ID_1565073044" CREATED="1489388528886" MODIFIED="1489388538325"/> -<node TEXT="使用network命令来对网络0.0.0.0/0通告" ID="ID_1168602949" CREATED="1489388541950" MODIFIED="1489388548709"/> -<node TEXT="对默认静态路由进行重分发, Redistributing the default static route" ID="ID_1472937067" CREATED="1489388557017" MODIFIED="1489388893418"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: SFMono-Regular, Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace; font-size: 13.6px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="SFMono-Regular, Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace" size="13.6px">redistribute static metric [bandwidth] [delay] [reliability] [load] [MTU] </font></span> - </p> - <p> - - </p> - <p> - <strong http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="font-weight: 600; color: rgb(106, 115, 125); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255)"><b><font color="rgb(106, 115, 125)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">注意</font></b></strong><font color="rgb(106, 115, 125)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px"><span style="color: rgb(106, 115, 125); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none">：这里度量值中所用到的那些数值，可从接口上进行继承到，或可以在使用此命令时指定想要的任意数值。</span></font> - </p> - </body> -</html> - -</richcontent> -</node> -<node TEXT="使用ip summary-address eigrp [asn] [network] [mask]" ID="ID_50528583" CREATED="1489388568339" MODIFIED="1489389108531"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">使用这个命令的主要优势在于，无需为了让EIGRP将网络</font></span><code style="font-family: SFMono-Regular, Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace; font-size: 13.6px; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0; padding-right: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px"><font face="SFMono-Regular, Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace" size="13.6px" color="rgb(36, 41, 46)">0.0.0.0/0</font></code><span style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">通告给邻居路由器，而将某条默认路由或某个默认网络放入到路由表中（The primary advantage to using this command is that a default route or network does not need to exist in the routing table in order for EIGRP to advertise network</font></span><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px"><span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></font><code style="font-family: SFMono-Regular, Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace; font-size: 13.6px; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0; padding-right: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px"><font face="SFMono-Regular, Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace" size="13.6px" color="rgb(36, 41, 46)">0.0.0.0/0</font></code><span class="Apple-converted-space"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px"> </font></span><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px"><span style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none">to its neighbour routers）。在执行了此命令后，本地路由器将生成一条到</span></font><code style="font-family: SFMono-Regular, Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace; font-size: 13.6px; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0; padding-right: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px"><font face="SFMono-Regular, Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace" size="13.6px" color="rgb(36, 41, 46)">Null0</font></code><span style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">接口的汇总路由，并将该条目标记为备选默认路由（the candidate default route）。</font></span> - </p> - </body> -</html> - -</richcontent> -</node> -</node> -<node TEXT="水平分割特性" POSITION="left" ID="ID_1895214931" CREATED="1489392311442" MODIFIED="1489392363525"> -<edge COLOR="#00ffff"/> -<richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">强制路由信息无法从接收到的接口再发送回去，这样做就阻止了路由信息重新通告到接收其的源处。</font></span> - </p> - </body> -</html> - -</richcontent> -<node TEXT="在广播多路访问（如以太网中），是环回阻止机制" ID="ID_1782299805" CREATED="1489392558227" MODIFIED="1489392597799"/> -<node TEXT="在NBMA中（尤其是星形中心-分支网络中），将造成问题" ID="ID_223027021" CREATED="1489392604009" MODIFIED="1489392653172"> -<node TEXT="解决办法" ID="ID_1782027471" CREATED="1489392695941" MODIFIED="1489392701106"> -<node TEXT="在中心路由器上关闭水平分割" ID="ID_1160021560" CREATED="1489392658578" MODIFIED="1489392778408"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">接口配置命令</font></span><code style="font-family: SFMono-Regular, Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace; font-size: 13.6px; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0; padding-right: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px"><font face="SFMono-Regular, Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace" size="13.6px" color="rgb(36, 41, 46)">no ip split-horizon eigrp [AS]</font></code> - </p> - </body> -</html> - -</richcontent> -</node> -<node TEXT="从中心路由器往分支路由器通告一条默认路由" ID="ID_1373500469" CREATED="1489392674315" MODIFIED="1489392792182"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">接口配置命令</font></span><code style="font-family: SFMono-Regular, Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace; font-size: 13.6px; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0; padding-right: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px"><font face="SFMono-Regular, Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace" size="13.6px" color="rgb(36, 41, 46)">ip summary-address eigrp 150 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0</font></code> - </p> - </body> -</html> - -</richcontent> -</node> -<node TEXT="在路由器上手动配置EIGRP邻居(建立静态邻居，以实现单播通告)" ID="ID_995329815" CREATED="1489392685631" MODIFIED="1489392857546"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">在所有路由器上，使用路由器配置命令</font></span><code style="font-family: SFMono-Regular, Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace; font-size: 13.6px; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0; padding-right: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px"><font face="SFMono-Regular, Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace" size="13.6px" color="rgb(36, 41, 46)">neighbor</font></code><span style="color: rgb(36, 41, 46); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(36, 41, 46)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">来手动配置一些EIGRP的邻居语句。因为在使用了此种配置后，邻居间的更新就是单播的了，所以水平分割的限制条件就得以消除。此选项在小型网络中用起来是不错的；但随着网络的增大，以及分支路由器数量的增加，工作量也会增加。</font></span> - </p> - </body> -</html> - -</richcontent> -</node> -</node> -</node> -</node> -</node> -</map> diff --git a/mindmaps/README.md b/mindmaps/README.md deleted file mode 100644 index 755e129..0000000 --- a/mindmaps/README.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1 +0,0 @@ -这些mindmaps是Freeplane的。所以要用[此软件](https://www.freeplane.org/wiki/index.php/Main_Page)来打开。 diff --git a/mindmaps/RSTP-快速生成树协议.mm b/mindmaps/RSTP-快速生成树协议.mm deleted file mode 100644 index 306c5b5..0000000 --- a/mindmaps/RSTP-快速生成树协议.mm +++ /dev/null @@ -1,103 +0,0 @@ -<map version="freeplane 1.3.0"> -<!--To view this file, download free mind mapping software Freeplane from http://freeplane.sourceforge.net --> -<node TEXT="RSTP" ID="ID_1723255651" CREATED="1283093380553" MODIFIED="1487727094558"><hook NAME="MapStyle"> - <properties show_note_icons="true"/> - -<map_styles> -<stylenode LOCALIZED_TEXT="styles.root_node"> -<stylenode LOCALIZED_TEXT="styles.predefined" POSITION="right"> -<stylenode LOCALIZED_TEXT="default" MAX_WIDTH="600" COLOR="#000000" STYLE="as_parent"> -<font NAME="SansSerif" SIZE="10" BOLD="false" ITALIC="false"/> -</stylenode> -<stylenode LOCALIZED_TEXT="defaultstyle.details"/> -<stylenode LOCALIZED_TEXT="defaultstyle.note"/> -<stylenode LOCALIZED_TEXT="defaultstyle.floating"> -<edge STYLE="hide_edge"/> -<cloud COLOR="#f0f0f0" SHAPE="ROUND_RECT"/> -</stylenode> -</stylenode> -<stylenode LOCALIZED_TEXT="styles.user-defined" POSITION="right"> -<stylenode LOCALIZED_TEXT="styles.topic" COLOR="#18898b" STYLE="fork"> -<font NAME="Liberation Sans" SIZE="10" BOLD="true"/> -</stylenode> -<stylenode LOCALIZED_TEXT="styles.subtopic" COLOR="#cc3300" STYLE="fork"> -<font NAME="Liberation Sans" SIZE="10" BOLD="true"/> -</stylenode> -<stylenode LOCALIZED_TEXT="styles.subsubtopic" COLOR="#669900"> -<font NAME="Liberation Sans" SIZE="10" BOLD="true"/> -</stylenode> -<stylenode LOCALIZED_TEXT="styles.important"> -<icon BUILTIN="yes"/> -</stylenode> -</stylenode> -<stylenode LOCALIZED_TEXT="styles.AutomaticLayout" POSITION="right"> -<stylenode LOCALIZED_TEXT="AutomaticLayout.level.root" COLOR="#000000"> -<font SIZE="18"/> -</stylenode> -<stylenode LOCALIZED_TEXT="AutomaticLayout.level,1" COLOR="#0033ff"> -<font SIZE="16"/> -</stylenode> -<stylenode LOCALIZED_TEXT="AutomaticLayout.level,2" COLOR="#00b439"> -<font SIZE="14"/> -</stylenode> -<stylenode LOCALIZED_TEXT="AutomaticLayout.level,3" COLOR="#990000"> -<font SIZE="12"/> -</stylenode> -<stylenode LOCALIZED_TEXT="AutomaticLayout.level,4" COLOR="#111111"> -<font SIZE="10"/> -</stylenode> -</stylenode> -</stylenode> -</map_styles> -</hook> -<hook NAME="AutomaticEdgeColor" COUNTER="2"/> -<richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(51, 51, 51)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">快速生成树协议（Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol, RSTP）, 显著地缩短了在某条链路失效时，STP用于收敛的时间。在RSTP下，网络从故障切换到一条替代路径或链路可在亚秒级别完成（with RSTP, network failover to an alternate path or link can occur in a subsecond timeframe）。RSTP是802.1D的一个扩展，执行与上行快速及骨干快速类似的功能。</font></span><font color="rgb(51, 51, 51)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px"><strong style="font-weight: 600; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255)"><b>RSTP比传统的STP执行得更好，且无需额外配置。此外，RSTP向后兼容最初的IEEE 802.1D STP标准。</b></strong><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none">其通过使用一种如下面的截屏中所示的修改的BPDU，实现的向后兼容。</span></font> - </p> - </body> -</html> - -</richcontent> -<node TEXT="IEEE规格" POSITION="right" ID="ID_363288489" CREATED="1487726726432" MODIFIED="1487726791723"> -<edge COLOR="#ff0000"/> -<richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - 802.1Ｗ，是802.1Ｄ的一个扩展。 - </p> - </body> -</html> - -</richcontent> -</node> -<node TEXT="RTSP with PVST+，RPVST+" POSITION="left" ID="ID_146033598" CREATED="1487727093064" MODIFIED="1487727360572"> -<edge COLOR="#0000ff"/> -<richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(51, 51, 51)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">允许与PVST+ 一起使用802.1W（Rapid Per VLAN Spanning Tree Plus(RPVST+) allows for the use of 802.1W with PVST+）。</font></span> <strong http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="font-weight: 600; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255)"><b><font color="rgb(51, 51, 51)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">默认情况下，在某台思科交换机上开启RSTP时，也就在该交换机上开启了R-PVST+。</font></b></strong> - </p> - </body> -</html> - -</richcontent> -</node> -</node> -</map> diff --git a/mindmaps/STP,Spanning Tree Protocol,生成树协议.mm b/mindmaps/STP,Spanning Tree Protocol,生成树协议.mm deleted file mode 100644 index e144d3f..0000000 --- a/mindmaps/STP,Spanning Tree Protocol,生成树协议.mm +++ /dev/null @@ -1,718 +0,0 @@ -<map version="freeplane 1.3.0"> -<!--To view this file, download free mind mapping software Freeplane from http://freeplane.sourceforge.net --> -<node TEXT="STP" ID="ID_1723255651" CREATED="1283093380553" MODIFIED="1487644896195" TEXT_SHORTENED="true"><hook NAME="MapStyle"> - <properties show_icon_for_attributes="true" show_note_icons="true"/> - -<map_styles> -<stylenode LOCALIZED_TEXT="styles.root_node"> -<stylenode LOCALIZED_TEXT="styles.predefined" POSITION="right"> -<stylenode LOCALIZED_TEXT="default" MAX_WIDTH="600" COLOR="#000000" STYLE="as_parent"> -<font NAME="SansSerif" SIZE="10" BOLD="false" ITALIC="false"/> -</stylenode> -<stylenode LOCALIZED_TEXT="defaultstyle.details"/> -<stylenode LOCALIZED_TEXT="defaultstyle.note"/> -<stylenode LOCALIZED_TEXT="defaultstyle.floating"> -<edge STYLE="hide_edge"/> -<cloud COLOR="#f0f0f0" SHAPE="ROUND_RECT"/> -</stylenode> -</stylenode> -<stylenode LOCALIZED_TEXT="styles.user-defined" POSITION="right"> -<stylenode LOCALIZED_TEXT="styles.topic" COLOR="#18898b" STYLE="fork"> -<font NAME="Liberation Sans" SIZE="10" BOLD="true"/> -</stylenode> -<stylenode LOCALIZED_TEXT="styles.subtopic" COLOR="#cc3300" STYLE="fork"> -<font NAME="Liberation Sans" SIZE="10" BOLD="true"/> -</stylenode> -<stylenode LOCALIZED_TEXT="styles.subsubtopic" COLOR="#669900"> -<font NAME="Liberation Sans" SIZE="10" BOLD="true"/> -</stylenode> -<stylenode LOCALIZED_TEXT="styles.important"> -<icon BUILTIN="yes"/> -</stylenode> -</stylenode> -<stylenode LOCALIZED_TEXT="styles.AutomaticLayout" POSITION="right"> -<stylenode LOCALIZED_TEXT="AutomaticLayout.level.root" COLOR="#000000"> -<font SIZE="18"/> -</stylenode> -<stylenode LOCALIZED_TEXT="AutomaticLayout.level,1" COLOR="#0033ff"> -<font SIZE="16"/> -</stylenode> -<stylenode LOCALIZED_TEXT="AutomaticLayout.level,2" COLOR="#00b439"> -<font SIZE="14"/> -</stylenode> -<stylenode LOCALIZED_TEXT="AutomaticLayout.level,3" COLOR="#990000"> -<font SIZE="12"/> -</stylenode> -<stylenode LOCALIZED_TEXT="AutomaticLayout.level,4" COLOR="#111111"> -<font SIZE="10"/> -</stylenode> -</stylenode> -</stylenode> -</map_styles> -</hook> -<hook NAME="AutomaticEdgeColor" COUNTER="8"/> -<richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - Spanning Tree Protocol,生成树协议 - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -<node TEXT="BPDU" POSITION="right" ID="ID_1398715153" CREATED="1487582872175" MODIFIED="1487642446011"> -<edge COLOR="#00ff00"/> -<richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - Bridge Protocol DU, 桥协议数据单元。BPDUs会被打上VLAN ID标记 - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -<arrowlink SHAPE="CUBIC_CURVE" COLOR="#000000" WIDTH="2" TRANSPARENCY="80" FONT_SIZE="9" FONT_FAMILY="SansSerif" DESTINATION="ID_161614335" MIDDLE_LABEL="利用BPDUs的交换，来确定网络拓扑" STARTINCLINATION="61;0;" ENDINCLINATION="61;0;" STARTARROW="NONE" ENDARROW="DEFAULT"/> -<node TEXT="间隔：2s" ID="ID_1833352132" CREATED="1487582937985" MODIFIED="1487582951229"/> -<node TEXT="类型" ID="ID_938846571" CREATED="1487639792052" MODIFIED="1487639925835"> -<node TEXT="配置BPDUs" ID="ID_1186452463" CREATED="1487639820753" MODIFIED="1487639925835"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - STP Configuration BPDUs - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -<node TEXT="数据帧构成" ID="ID_730597063" CREATED="1487582962344" MODIFIED="1487642446010"> -<node TEXT="交换机标识符" ID="ID_1575397629" CREATED="1487640590246" MODIFIED="1487646396286"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - 由2字节的桥优先级与交换机唯一MAC地址构成,  <strong http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="font-weight: 600; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255)"><b><font color="rgb(51, 51, 51)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">在802.1D标准中，每个VLAN都需要一个唯一BID。</font></b></strong> - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -<arrowlink SHAPE="CUBIC_CURVE" COLOR="#000000" WIDTH="2" TRANSPARENCY="80" FONT_SIZE="9" FONT_FAMILY="SansSerif" DESTINATION="ID_1360788201" STARTINCLINATION="139;0;" ENDINCLINATION="139;0;" STARTARROW="NONE" ENDARROW="DEFAULT"/> -<node TEXT="桥优先级" ID="ID_546931785" CREATED="1487645957315" MODIFIED="1487646431404"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <strong http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="font-weight: 600; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255)"><b><font color="rgb(51, 51, 51)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">桥优先级是该交换机相对于其它交换机的优先级。</font></b></strong><font color="rgb(51, 51, 51)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px"><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none">桥优先级取值范围是0到65535。思科Catalyst交换机的默认值为32768。</span></font> - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -</node> -<node TEXT="交换机唯一MAC地址" ID="ID_1751331951" CREATED="1487645973170" MODIFIED="1487646210017"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <font color="rgb(51, 51, 51)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol">得自交换机背板或管理引擎的硬件地址（the hardware address derived from the switch backplane or supervisor engine， 又名为基底MAC地址，the base MAC address）。</font>  - </p> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(51, 51, 51)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">大多数思科Catalyst交换机都有一个可用作VLANs的BIDs的、1024个MAC地址的地址池。这些MAC地址被顺序分配，也就是该范围中的第一个MAC地址分配给VLAN 1, 第二个给VLAN 2, 第三个给VLAN 3, 以致第四个第五个等等。这样就提供了支持标准范围VLANs的支持能力，但要支持扩展范围的VLANs，就需要更多的MAC地址。该问题在802.1t（802.1D的技术和编辑修正）标准中得以解决（this issue was resolved in the 802.1t(Technical and Editoral corrections for 802.1D) standard）。</font></span> - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -</node> -</node> -<node TEXT="端口地址" ID="ID_1290775397" CREATED="1487640637356" MODIFIED="1487640649432"> -<arrowlink SHAPE="CUBIC_CURVE" COLOR="#000000" WIDTH="2" TRANSPARENCY="80" FONT_SIZE="9" FONT_FAMILY="SansSerif" DESTINATION="ID_330467769" STARTINCLINATION="261;0;" ENDINCLINATION="261;0;" STARTARROW="NONE" ENDARROW="DEFAULT"/> -</node> -<node TEXT="端口到根节点的开销" ID="ID_972535079" CREATED="1487640676612" MODIFIED="1487640714885"> -<arrowlink SHAPE="CUBIC_CURVE" COLOR="#000000" WIDTH="2" TRANSPARENCY="80" FONT_SIZE="9" FONT_FAMILY="SansSerif" DESTINATION="ID_219407617" STARTINCLINATION="225;0;" ENDINCLINATION="225;0;" STARTARROW="NONE" ENDARROW="DEFAULT"/> -</node> -</node> -<node TEXT="确定最佳配置BPDUs的因素（依先后顺序）" ID="ID_1998995701" CREATED="1487642461986" MODIFIED="1487642505884"> -<node TEXT="有着最低的根桥ID的, lowest Root Bridge ID" ID="ID_1969907022" CREATED="1487642513093" MODIFIED="1487642522898"/> -<node TEXT="有着到根桥最低根路径开销的，lowest Root path cost to Root Bridge" ID="ID_1328064099" CREATED="1487642527495" MODIFIED="1487642533749"/> -<node TEXT="有着最低发送者桥ID的，lowest sender Bridge ID" ID="ID_532707811" CREATED="1487642538130" MODIFIED="1487642545351"/> -<node TEXT="有着最低发送者端口ID的，lowest sender Port ID" ID="ID_999341556" CREATED="1487642549583" MODIFIED="1487642555914"/> -</node> -<node TEXT="特征" ID="ID_1906618282" CREATED="1487644443122" MODIFIED="1487644475558"> -<node TEXT="配置BPDUs是从根桥发出且通过指定端口发送的, a Configuration BPDU originates on the Root Bridge and is sent via the Designated Port" ID="ID_1211110842" CREATED="1487644455512" MODIFIED="1487644465938"/> -<node TEXT="配置BPDUs是由非根桥的根端口上接收的，a Configuration BPDU is received by a Non-Root Bridge on a Root Port" ID="ID_611603836" CREATED="1487644470114" MODIFIED="1487644477899"/> -<node TEXT="配置BPDU是由非根桥的指定端口上传送的，a Configuration BPDU is transmitted by a Non-Root Bridge on a Designated Port" ID="ID_117826523" CREATED="1487644481107" MODIFIED="1487644486542"/> -<node TEXT="在所有单个LAN区段上，都只有一个指定端口（在某台指定交换机上），there is only one Designated Port (on a Designated Switch) on any single LAN segment" ID="ID_1699044216" CREATED="1487644491679" MODIFIED="1487644500035"/> -</node> -</node> -<node TEXT="拓扑变化通知BPDUs" ID="ID_785070455" CREATED="1487639851933" MODIFIED="1487639917210"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - STP Topology Change Notification BPDUs - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -</node> -</node> -</node> -<node TEXT="IEEE规格" POSITION="left" ID="ID_756013575" CREATED="1487582758796" MODIFIED="1487646177356"> -<edge COLOR="#0000ff"/> -<richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - 802.1D -> 802.1t(<span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(51, 51, 51)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">802.1D的技术和编辑修正</font></span> ) - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -</node> -<node TEXT="交换机端口状态（依序）" POSITION="right" ID="ID_621355622" CREATED="1487644625225" MODIFIED="1487644657056"> -<edge COLOR="#00007c"/> -<node TEXT="阻塞中 -- 仅接收BPDUs（为期20s）， blocking -- BPDUs received only (20 seconds)" ID="ID_107170606" CREATED="1487644662370" MODIFIED="1487645012943"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <ul http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="padding-left: 0; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 16px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px"> - <li> - <p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px"> - 丢弃在该端口上接收到的来自所连接网段的数据帧，discards frames received on the port from the attached segment - </p> - </li> - <li style="margin-top: 0"> - <p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px"> - 丢弃交换自另一端口的数据帧，discards frames switched from another port - </p> - </li> - <li style="margin-top: 0"> - <p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px"> - 不将工作站地址放入到其地址数据库中，does not incorporate station location into its address database - </p> - </li> - <li style="margin-top: 0"> - <p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px"> - 接收BPDUs并将这些BPDUs引导给系统模块，receives BPDUs and directs them to the system module - </p> - </li> - <li style="margin-top: 0"> - <p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px"> - 不传送自系统模块接收到的BPDUs，does not transmit BPDUs received from the system module - </p> - </li> - <li style="margin-top: 0"> - <p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px"> - 接收网络管理报文，并对这些报文进行响应，receives and responds to network management messages - </p> - </li> - </ul> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -</node> -<node TEXT="侦听中 -- 有BPDUs发出和接收（为期15s），listening -- BPDUs sent and received (15 seconds)" ID="ID_1054326285" CREATED="1487644676409" MODIFIED="1487645353586"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <ul http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="padding-left: 0; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 16px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px"> - <li> - <p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px"> - 丢弃接收自所连接网段的帧, discards frames received from the attached segment - </p> - </li> - <li style="margin-top: 0"> - <p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px"> - 丢弃转发自另一端口的帧, discards frames switched from another port - </p> - </li> - <li style="margin-top: 0"> - <p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px"> - 不将工作站地址加入到其地址数据库，does not incorporate station location into its address database - </p> - </li> - <li style="margin-top: 0"> - <p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px"> - 接收BPDUs并将这些BPDUs引导给系统模块，receives BPDUs and directs them to the system module - </p> - </li> - <li style="margin-top: 0"> - <p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px"> - 接收、处理并传送接收自系统模块的BPDUs（在这一点上，与阻塞状态有所不同）, receives, processes, and transmits BPDUs received from the system module - </p> - </li> - <li style="margin-top: 0"> - <p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px"> - 对网络管理报文进行接收和响应，receives and responds to network management messages - </p> - </li> - </ul> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -</node> -<node TEXT="学习中 -- 桥接表被建立起来（为期15s），learning -- bridging table is built (15 seconds)" ID="ID_1176713406" CREATED="1487644689344" MODIFIED="1487645712524"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <ul http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="padding-left: 0; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 16px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px"> - <li> - <p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px"> - 丢弃接收自所连接网段的帧, discards frames received from the attached segment - </p> - </li> - <li style="margin-top: 0"> - <p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px"> - 丢弃转发自另一端口的帧, discards frames switched from another port - </p> - </li> - <li style="margin-top: 0"> - <p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px"> - 将工作站地址包含（安装）到其地址数据库（这一点与侦听状态有所不同），incorporates(installs) station location into its address database - </p> - </li> - <li style="margin-top: 0"> - <p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px"> - 接收BPDUs并将这些BPDUs引导给系统模块，receives BPDUs and directs them to the system module - </p> - </li> - <li style="margin-top: 0"> - <p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px"> - 接收、处理并传送接收自系统模块的BPDUs, receives, processes, and transmits BPDUs received from the system module - </p> - </li> - <li style="margin-top: 0"> - <p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px"> - 对网络管理报文进行接收和响应，receives and responds to network management messages - </p> - </li> - </ul> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -</node> -<node TEXT="转发中 -- 发送/接收数据，forwarding -- sending/receiving data" ID="ID_1300430620" CREATED="1487644702242" MODIFIED="1487645828835"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <ul http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="padding-left: 0; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 16px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px"> - <li> - <p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px"> - 转发接收自所连接网段的数据帧 - </p> - </li> - <li style="margin-top: 0"> - <p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px"> - 转发交换自另一端口的数据帧（以上两点与学习状态不同，标志着开始转发数据） - </p> - </li> - <li style="margin-top: 0"> - <p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px"> - 将站点地址信息加入（安装）到其地址数据库 - </p> - </li> - <li style="margin-top: 0"> - <p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px"> - 接收BPDUs并将这些BPDUs导向给系统模块 - </p> - </li> - <li style="margin-top: 0"> - <p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px"> - 处理接收自系统模块的BPDUs - </p> - </li> - <li style="margin-top: 0"> - <p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px"> - 接收网络管理报文并对其进行响应 - </p> - </li> - </ul> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -</node> -<node TEXT="关闭 -- 管理性关闭，disabled -- administratively down" ID="ID_1689751614" CREATED="1487644714860" MODIFIED="1487645847115"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 16px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px"> - 关闭状态不是端口正常STP进展的部分。而是端口被网络管理员进行管理性关闭，或因为某种错误条件而被系统所关闭时，就被认为处于关闭状态。关闭的端口完成以下动作。 - </p> - <ul style="padding-left: 0; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 16px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px"> - <li> - <p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px"> - 丢弃接收自所连接网段的数据帧 - </p> - </li> - <li style="margin-top: 0"> - <p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px"> - 丢弃转发自另一端口的数据帧 - </p> - </li> - <li style="margin-top: 0"> - <p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px"> - 不将工作站地址加入其地址数据库 - </p> - </li> - <li style="margin-top: 0"> - <p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px"> - 接收BPDUs但不将这些BPDUs导向给系统模块 - </p> - </li> - <li style="margin-top: 0"> - <p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px"> - 不接收来自系统模块的BPDUs - </p> - </li> - <li style="margin-top: 0"> - <p style="margin-top: 16px; margin-bottom: 16px"> - 对网络管理报文进行接收和响应 - </p> - </li> - </ul> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -</node> -</node> -<node TEXT="交换机角色" POSITION="left" ID="ID_152612304" CREATED="1487642618368" MODIFIED="1487642627679"> -<edge COLOR="#7c0000"/> -<node TEXT="根交换机（根桥，Root Switch/Bridge）" ID="ID_945607110" CREATED="1487642634817" MODIFIED="1487648643321"> -<arrowlink SHAPE="CUBIC_CURVE" COLOR="#000000" WIDTH="2" TRANSPARENCY="80" FONT_SIZE="9" FONT_FAMILY="SansSerif" DESTINATION="ID_617399584" STARTINCLINATION="402;352;" ENDINCLINATION="12;125;" STARTARROW="NONE" ENDARROW="DEFAULT"/> -</node> -<node TEXT="指定交换机(Designated Switch)" ID="ID_1261551971" CREATED="1487642651009" MODIFIED="1487648320455"/> -</node> -<node TEXT="作用" POSITION="right" ID="ID_1259001063" CREATED="1487582630594" MODIFIED="1487641683693" HGAP="0" VSHIFT="-130"> -<edge COLOR="#ff0000"/> -<richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - 在具备冗余的交换网络拓扑中，允许存在多条物理链路的同时, 通过建立一个无循环逻辑拓扑，阻止网络上循环的发生 - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -</node> -<node TEXT="原理" POSITION="left" ID="ID_1061403770" CREATED="1487636579645" MODIFIED="1487636631259"> -<edge COLOR="#ff00ff"/> -<richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(51, 51, 51)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">利用BPDUs的交换，来确定网络拓扑。</font></span> - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -</node> -<node TEXT="思科对STP（IEEE 802.1D标准）的特性增强" POSITION="right" ID="ID_1472068789" CREATED="1487672220495" MODIFIED="1487672528667"> -<edge COLOR="#00ffff"/> -<hook NAME="FirstGroupNode"/> -<node TEXT="Port Fast" ID="ID_169772637" CREATED="1487672305880" MODIFIED="1487672694073"> -<hook NAME="FirstGroupNode"/> -</node> -<node TEXT="BPDU Guard" ID="ID_1158526242" CREATED="1487672319903" MODIFIED="1487672331691"/> -<node TEXT="都是针对连接主机/工作站的交换机端口，前者可快速开启数据转发，后者可确保前者不出问题" ID="ID_1397483274" CREATED="1487672694071" MODIFIED="1487672698251"> -<hook NAME="SummaryNode"/> -</node> -<node TEXT="BPDU Filter" ID="ID_1317679771" CREATED="1487672656416" MODIFIED="1487674342587"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <font color="rgb(51, 51, 51)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">有效地在选定端口上，通过阻止这些端口发送或接收所有BPDUs，而关闭这些端口的STP。<span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none">而在全局配置了BPDU过滤器，并与全局端口快速配合使用是，它会将任何接收到BPDUs的端口，还原成端口快速模式。</span></font> - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -</node> -<node TEXT="Loop Guard" ID="ID_734598049" CREATED="1487672722620" MODIFIED="1487672728646"/> -<node TEXT="Root Guard" ID="ID_1376635338" CREATED="1487672741186" MODIFIED="1487672745744"/> -<node TEXT="Uplink Fast" ID="ID_527733180" CREATED="1487672753295" MODIFIED="1487672760348"/> -<node TEXT="Backbone Fast" ID="ID_772829206" CREATED="1487672769921" MODIFIED="1487672775943"/> -</node> -<node TEXT="根桥的选举" POSITION="right" ID="ID_725420533" CREATED="1487646718094" MODIFIED="1487647935924"> -<edge COLOR="#7c7c00"/> -<richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <strong http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="font-weight: 600; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255)"><b><font color="rgb(51, 51, 51)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">网络中有着最低桥ID的交换机就被选举为STP根桥</font></b></strong><font color="rgb(51, 51, 51)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol">(the STP Root Bridge)。如有两台或更多交换机有着相同的优先级，则选取有着最低顺序MAC地址的交换机作为根桥。 </font> - </p> - <p> - - </p> - <p http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 16px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px"> - <strong style="font-weight: 600"><b>思科IOS软件允许管理员对根桥选举施加影响。</b></strong>此外，管理员<strong style="font-weight: 600"><b>也可以配置一台备份根桥</b></strong>（adminitrator can also configure a backup Root Bridge）。备份根桥是一台管理员优先选择、在当前根桥失效或从网络中移除时成为根桥的交换机。 - </p> - <p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 16px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px"> - <strong style="font-weight: 600"><b>为生成树域配置一台备份根桥交换机，始终是好的做法。</b></strong>这样做允许在根桥失效时，网络具有确定性。最常见的做法就是在根桥上配置最高的优先级（也就是优先级为最低数值），并将第二高的优先级配置在当前根桥失效时作为根桥的备份交换机上。下图31.5对此进行了演示。 - </p> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(51, 51, 51)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">使用宏命令</font></span><code style="font-family: SFMono-Regular, Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace; font-size: 13.6px; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0; padding-right: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px"><font face="SFMono-Regular, Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace" size="13.6px" color="rgb(51, 51, 51)">primary</font></code><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(51, 51, 51)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">或</font></span><code style="font-family: SFMono-Regular, Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace; font-size: 13.6px; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0; padding-right: 0px; padding-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px"><font face="SFMono-Regular, Consolas, Liberation Mono, Menlo, Courier, monospace" size="13.6px" color="rgb(51, 51, 51)">secondary</font></code><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: left; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(51, 51, 51)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">将其设置为根桥</font></span> - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -</node> -<node TEXT="相关计时器（timers）" POSITION="left" ID="ID_505904374" CREATED="1487644750597" MODIFIED="1487644883661"> -<edge COLOR="#007c00"/> -<arrowlink SHAPE="CUBIC_CURVE" COLOR="#000000" WIDTH="2" TRANSPARENCY="80" FONT_SIZE="9" FONT_FAMILY="SansSerif" DESTINATION="ID_1069253556" STARTINCLINATION="40;0;" ENDINCLINATION="40;0;" STARTARROW="NONE" ENDARROW="DEFAULT"/> -<node TEXT="Hello计时器 -- 2s（每个配置BPDU直接的时间）" ID="ID_973136282" CREATED="1487644776345" MODIFIED="1487644782933"/> -<node TEXT="转发延迟计数器 -- 15s（侦听/控制学习状态的为期），Forward Delay -- 15 seconds (controls durations of Listening/Learning states)" ID="ID_1695623469" CREATED="1487644786779" MODIFIED="1487644793637"/> -<node TEXT="最大存活时间 -- 20s（控制阻塞状态的为期），Max Age -- 20 seconds (controls the duration of the Blocking state)" ID="ID_1150703014" CREATED="1487644800713" MODIFIED="1487644808930"/> -</node> -<node TEXT="端口角色" POSITION="right" ID="ID_431259203" CREATED="1487648199373" MODIFIED="1487649158263"> -<edge COLOR="#ff0000"/> -<node TEXT="根端口（Root Port）" ID="ID_1529806686" CREATED="1487642715920" MODIFIED="1487648851722"> -<hook NAME="FirstGroupNode"/> -<richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(51, 51, 51)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">生成树</font></span><font color="rgb(51, 51, 51)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px"><strong style="font-weight: 600; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255)"><b>根端口是在该设备将数据包转发到根桥时，提供出最优路径，或最低开销的端口。</b></strong><span style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none">也就是说，根端口是接收到该交换机的最优BPDU的端口，而这又表明了在路径开销上其是到根桥的最短路径。根端口是基于根桥路径开销选举出的。</span></font> - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -<arrowlink SHAPE="CUBIC_CURVE" COLOR="#000000" WIDTH="2" TRANSPARENCY="80" FONT_SIZE="9" FONT_FAMILY="SansSerif" DESTINATION="ID_945607110" STARTINCLINATION="-161;54;" ENDINCLINATION="189;325;" STARTARROW="NONE" ENDARROW="DEFAULT"/> -</node> -<node TEXT="指定端口(Designated Port)" ID="ID_617399584" CREATED="1487642725273" MODIFIED="1487648979764"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(51, 51, 51)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">与根端口不同，指定端口是指向与STP根相反方向的端口。该端口是指定设备（交换机）连接LAN的端口。指定端口同时也是在将来自LAN的数据包转发给根桥时有着最低路径开销的端口。</font></span> - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -</node> -<node TEXT="两种用于转发BPDUs的端口" ID="ID_214327509" CREATED="1487648737854" MODIFIED="1487648763951"> -<hook NAME="SummaryNode"/> -</node> -<node TEXT="关闭的端口（Disabled Port, 管理员手动关闭的端口）" ID="ID_1835877793" CREATED="1487647348423" MODIFIED="1487647388643"/> -<node TEXT="非指定端口（the Non-Designated Port）" ID="ID_500435338" CREATED="1487649156658" MODIFIED="1487671879495"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(51, 51, 51)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">不是一种生成树端口类型。而是其作为一个术语，只是简单地表示某个不作为某LAN网段上指定端口的端口。</font></span><font color="rgb(51, 51, 51)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px"><strong style="font-weight: 600; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255)"><b>非指定端口将始终被STP置为阻塞状态。</b></strong></font> - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -<hook NAME="SummaryNode"/> -</node> -</node> -<node TEXT="网络拓扑" POSITION="right" ID="ID_161614335" CREATED="1487636636477" MODIFIED="1487639720082"> -<edge COLOR="#00ffff"/> -<richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - Network Topology - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -<node TEXT="决定网络拓扑的三个变量" ID="ID_134485367" CREATED="1487636659832" MODIFIED="1487636679111"> -<node TEXT="交换机标识符" ID="ID_1360788201" CREATED="1487636688346" MODIFIED="1487636783280"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - 交换机的唯一MAC地址 - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -</node> -<node TEXT="各个交换机端口到根桥的路径开销" ID="ID_219407617" CREATED="1487636713631" MODIFIED="1487636983530"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - <span http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); display: inline !important; float: none"><font color="rgb(51, 51, 51)" face="-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol" size="16px">802.1D规格分配16位（短整数）基于端口带宽的默认端口开销值给每个端口。因为管理员同时有着手动分配端口开销值（1和65535之间）的能力，所以该16位值就只用在那些未有具体配置了端口开销的端口。</font></span> - </p> - <p> - - </p> - <p http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 16px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px"> - 下表列出了在应用短整数方式计算端口开销时各种类型端口的默认值。 - </p> - <p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 16px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px"> - <em>表 -- 默认STP端口开销值</em> - </p> - <table style="border-spacing: 0px; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 16px; display: block; width: 888px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, Segoe UI, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, Apple Color Emoji, Segoe UI Emoji, Segoe UI Symbol; font-size: 16px; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px"> - <tr style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255)"> - <th style="padding-top: 6px; padding-bottom: 6px; padding-right: 13px; padding-left: 13px; font-weight: 600"> - 带宽 - </th> - <th style="padding-top: 6px; padding-bottom: 6px; padding-right: 13px; padding-left: 13px; font-weight: 600"> - 默认端口开销 - </th> - </tr> - <tr style="background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248)"> - <td style="padding-top: 6px; padding-bottom: 6px; padding-right: 13px; padding-left: 13px"> - 4Mbps - </td> - <td style="padding-top: 6px; padding-bottom: 6px; padding-right: 13px; padding-left: 13px"> - 250 - </td> - </tr> - <tr style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255)"> - <td style="padding-top: 6px; padding-bottom: 6px; padding-right: 13px; padding-left: 13px"> - 10Mbps - </td> - <td style="padding-top: 6px; padding-bottom: 6px; padding-right: 13px; padding-left: 13px"> - 100 - </td> - </tr> - <tr style="background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248)"> - <td style="padding-top: 6px; padding-bottom: 6px; padding-right: 13px; padding-left: 13px"> - 16Mbps - </td> - <td style="padding-top: 6px; padding-bottom: 6px; padding-right: 13px; padding-left: 13px"> - 62 - </td> - </tr> - <tr style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255)"> - <td style="padding-top: 6px; padding-bottom: 6px; padding-right: 13px; padding-left: 13px"> - 100Mbps - </td> - <td style="padding-top: 6px; padding-bottom: 6px; padding-right: 13px; padding-left: 13px"> - 19 - </td> - </tr> - <tr style="background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248)"> - <td style="padding-top: 6px; padding-bottom: 6px; padding-right: 13px; padding-left: 13px"> - 1Gbps - </td> - <td style="padding-top: 6px; padding-bottom: 6px; padding-right: 13px; padding-left: 13px"> - 4 - </td> - </tr> - <tr style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255)"> - <td style="padding-top: 6px; padding-bottom: 6px; padding-right: 13px; padding-left: 13px"> - 10Gbps - </td> - <td style="padding-top: 6px; padding-bottom: 6px; padding-right: 13px; padding-left: 13px"> - 2 - </td> - </tr> - </table> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -</node> -<node TEXT="各个交换机端口的端口识别符" ID="ID_330467769" CREATED="1487636744584" MODIFIED="1487639025412"><richcontent TYPE="NOTE"> - -<html> - <head> - - </head> - <body> - <p> - 该端口的MAC地址 - </p> - </body> -</html> -</richcontent> -</node> -</node> -</node> -<node TEXT="默认收敛时间为30到50s" POSITION="left" ID="ID_1069253556" CREATED="1487644856668" MODIFIED="1487644879706"> -<edge COLOR="#007c7c"/> -</node> -<node TEXT="华为STP保护功能" POSITION="left" ID="ID_816700423" CREATED="1487674643647" MODIFIED="1487674729959"> -<edge COLOR="#7c0000"/> -<node TEXT="BPDU保护功能" ID="ID_1288132806" CREATED="1487674665038" MODIFIED="1487674675976"/> -<node TEXT="TC(Topology Change, 拓扑变化)保护功能" ID="ID_1335513425" CREATED="1487674680496" MODIFIED="1487674707899"/> -<node TEXT="Root保护功能" ID="ID_1751947780" CREATED="1487674714657" MODIFIED="1487674724293"/> -<node TEXT="环路保护功能" ID="ID_1375486240" CREATED="1487674728559" MODIFIED="1487674736704"/> -</node> -<node TEXT="端口选举" POSITION="right" ID="ID_153450653" CREATED="1487726275913" MODIFIED="1487726286480"> -<edge COLOR="#00007c"/> -<node TEXT="根端口的选举，与指定端口的选举是分开的，先后进行" ID="ID_1323311732" CREATED="1487672154796" MODIFIED="1487726289744"/> -<node TEXT="根端口选举，基于交换机上端口比较（到根桥开销）" ID="ID_1448386483" CREATED="1487726294341" MODIFIED="1487726357289"/> -<node TEXT="指定端口选举，基于网段上端口比较（到根桥的开销）" ID="ID_1923606824" CREATED="1487726316065" MODIFIED="1487726343717"/> -</node> -</node> -</map> diff --git a/mindmaps/STP,Spanning Tree Protocol,生成树协议.pdf b/mindmaps/STP,Spanning Tree Protocol,生成树协议.pdf deleted file mode 100644 index e69de29..0000000