TranslateProject/published/201406/20140607 Practical Interview Questions and Answers on Linux Shell Scripting.md
wxy a71aa7de9e renamed: 10 Database Tools For Linux Users To Use!.md -> 201406/10 Database Tools For Linux Users To Use!.md
renamed:    10 Linux Platforms Meant For Embedded Systems.md -> 201406/10 Linux Platforms Meant For Embedded Systems.md
	renamed:    20140527 4MLinux 9.0 Beta Is a 55 MB Operating System That Has It All.md -> 201406/20140527 4MLinux 9.0 Beta Is a 55 MB Operating System That Has It All.md
	renamed:    20140527 A Complete Historical Timeline of Linux Evolution.md -> 201406/20140527 A Complete Historical Timeline of Linux Evolution.md
	renamed:    20140528 Setup Backup Server Using Bacula And Webmin On Ubuntu 14.04.md -> 201406/20140528 Setup Backup Server Using Bacula And Webmin On Ubuntu 14.04.md
	renamed:    20140528 Why We Shouldn't Accept Bad Linux Ports.md -> 201406/20140528 Why We Shouldn't Accept Bad Linux Ports.md
	renamed:    20140529 Add Windows Like Bottom Taskbar In Ubuntu Unity 14.04.md -> 201406/20140529 Add Windows Like Bottom Taskbar In Ubuntu Unity 14.04.md
	renamed:    20140529 Command Line Tuesdays--The Introductory.md -> 201406/20140529 Command Line Tuesdays--The Introductory.md
	renamed:    20140529 How To Share Disks In VirtualBox Between Linux Guest OS.md -> 201406/20140529 How To Share Disks In VirtualBox Between Linux Guest OS.md
	renamed:    20140529 Install RainLoop Webmail (A Web Based Email Client) using 'Nginx and Apache' in Arch Linux.md -> 201406/20140529 Install RainLoop Webmail (A Web Based Email Client) using 'Nginx and Apache' in Arch Linux.md
	renamed:    20140529 What is a good terminal emulator on Linux.md -> 201406/20140529 What is a good terminal emulator on Linux.md
	renamed:    20140529 Why No Flash Support for Linux Is Good for Open Source.md -> 201406/20140529 Why No Flash Support for Linux Is Good for Open Source.md
	renamed:    20140530 Fix 'Cannot Add PPA' Error In Ubuntu 14.04 and Linux Mint.md -> 201406/20140530 Fix 'Cannot Add PPA' Error In Ubuntu 14.04 and Linux Mint.md
	renamed:    20140530 How To Install Linux On A MacBook Pro Retina.md -> 201406/20140530 How To Install Linux On A MacBook Pro Retina.md
	renamed:    20140530 Linux script command--A recorder inside your Terminal.md -> 201406/20140530 Linux script command--A recorder inside your Terminal.md
	renamed:    20140603 App Grid Is A Superior Ubuntu Software Center Alternative.md -> 201406/20140603 App Grid Is A Superior Ubuntu Software Center Alternative.md
	renamed:    20140603 Linux Foundation to donate portion of membership fees to Code.org.md -> 201406/20140603 Linux Foundation to donate portion of membership fees to Code.org.md
	renamed:    20140603 Write your first Linux Kernel module.md -> 201406/20140603 Write your first Linux Kernel module.md
	renamed:    20140604 Command line secrets.md -> 201406/20140604 Command line secrets.md
	renamed:    20140604 Setup Virtual Hosts In Apache On Ubuntu 14.04 LTS.md -> 201406/20140604 Setup Virtual Hosts In Apache On Ubuntu 14.04 LTS.md
	renamed:    20140607 Cup 2014 Brazil--Watch FIFA World Cup 2014 Competition in Your Linux Desktop.md -> 201406/20140607 Cup 2014 Brazil--Watch FIFA World Cup 2014 Competition in Your Linux Desktop.md
	renamed:    20140607 How To Extract Images From Videos Using ffmpeg.md -> 201406/20140607 How To Extract Images From Videos Using ffmpeg.md
	renamed:    20140607 How To Install iCup 2014 In Linux.md -> 201406/20140607 How To Install iCup 2014 In Linux.md
	renamed:    20140607 Linux--Bash Delete All Files In Directory Except Few.md -> 201406/20140607 Linux--Bash Delete All Files In Directory Except Few.md
	renamed:    20140607 New OpenSSL breach is no Heartbleed-but needs to be taken seriously.md -> 201406/20140607 New OpenSSL breach is no Heartbleed-but needs to be taken seriously.md
	renamed:    20140607 Nuvola Player 2.4.0 Released -- A Online Cloud Music Player for Linux.md -> 201406/20140607 Nuvola Player 2.4.0 Released -- A Online Cloud Music Player for Linux.md
	renamed:    20140607 Practical Interview Questions and Answers on Linux Shell Scripting.md -> 201406/20140607 Practical Interview Questions and Answers on Linux Shell Scripting.md
	renamed:    20140607 Steam Hits The Big 500 For Linux Games.md -> 201406/20140607 Steam Hits The Big 500 For Linux Games.md
	renamed:    20140607 Ubuntu One Formally Shuts Down.md -> 201406/20140607 Ubuntu One Formally Shuts Down.md
	renamed:    20140609 How To Know If Your System Has USB 3.0 Port In Linux [Quick Tip].md -> 201406/20140609 How To Know If Your System Has USB 3.0 Port In Linux [Quick Tip].md
	renamed:    20140609 Open Source LDAP Solutions.md -> 201406/20140609 Open Source LDAP Solutions.md
	renamed:    "20140609 OpenELEC 4.0.4 \347\216\260\345\267\262\345\217\221\345\270\203, \345\237\272\344\272\216 XBMC 13.1 \342\200\234Gotham\342\200\235.md" -> "201406/20140609 OpenELEC 4.0.4 \347\216\260\345\267\262\345\217\221\345\270\203, \345\237\272\344\272\216 XBMC 13.1 \342\200\234Gotham\342\200\235.md"
	renamed:    20140610 How to set up Internet connection sharing with iptables on Linux.md -> 201406/20140610 How to set up Internet connection sharing with iptables on Linux.md
	renamed:    20140610 IPFire 2.13 Core 78 Linux Firewall OS Receives OpenSSL Fixes.md -> 201406/20140610 IPFire 2.13 Core 78 Linux Firewall OS Receives OpenSSL Fixes.md
	renamed:    20140610 Open Source SDN Project OpenDaylight Adds New Members.md -> 201406/20140610 Open Source SDN Project OpenDaylight Adds New Members.md
	renamed:    20140610 Top 7 Desktop Environment For Linux.md -> 201406/20140610 Top 7 Desktop Environment For Linux.md
	renamed:    20140611 HTG Explains--What' s the Difference Between Linux and BSD.md -> 201406/20140611 HTG Explains--What' s the Difference Between Linux and BSD.md
	renamed:    20140611 How to Prevent Other Users From Accessing Your Home Directory in Ubuntu 14.04.md -> 201406/20140611 How to Prevent Other Users From Accessing Your Home Directory in Ubuntu 14.04.md
	renamed:    20140612 Command Line Tuesdays--Part One.md -> 201406/20140612 Command Line Tuesdays--Part One.md
	renamed:    20140612 Dpkg Vulnerabilities Closed in Ubuntu 14.04.md -> 201406/20140612 Dpkg Vulnerabilities Closed in Ubuntu 14.04.md
	renamed:    20140616 How To Install Numix Icon Theme In Fedora 20.md -> 201406/20140616 How To Install Numix Icon Theme In Fedora 20.md
	renamed:    20140616 Ubuntu Desktop Next 14.10 Images Available to Download.md -> 201406/20140616 Ubuntu Desktop Next 14.10 Images Available to Download.md
	renamed:    20140616 Ubuntu for Phones Activated on 10,000 Devices.md -> 201406/20140616 Ubuntu for Phones Activated on 10,000 Devices.md
	renamed:    20140617 14 Apps To Boost Ubuntu.md -> 201406/20140617 14 Apps To Boost Ubuntu.md
	renamed:    20140619 Improve Battery Life with Laptop Mode Tools 1.65.md -> 201406/20140619 Improve Battery Life with Laptop Mode Tools 1.65.md
	renamed:    20140619 Red Hat to Acquire eNovance, Focus Together on OpenStack.md -> 201406/20140619 Red Hat to Acquire eNovance, Focus Together on OpenStack.md
	renamed:    20140620 Celebrating 30 Years of X.md -> 201406/20140620 Celebrating 30 Years of X.md
	renamed:    20140620 ENCRYPT DNS TRAFFIC IN LINUX WITH DNSCRYPT (VIA OPENDNS).md -> 201406/20140620 ENCRYPT DNS TRAFFIC IN LINUX WITH DNSCRYPT (VIA OPENDNS).md
	renamed:    20140620 How to enable testing and unstable repository on Debian.md -> 201406/20140620 How to enable testing and unstable repository on Debian.md
	renamed:    20140625 Canonical Debuts 'Orange Box' for Ubuntu OpenStack Cloud Demos.md -> 201406/20140625 Canonical Debuts 'Orange Box' for Ubuntu OpenStack Cloud Demos.md
	renamed:    8 examples of findmnt command to check mounted file systems on Linux.md -> 201406/8 examples of findmnt command to check mounted file systems on Linux.md
	renamed:    Bash Getopts--Scripts with Command Line Options.md -> 201406/Bash Getopts--Scripts with Command Line Options.md
	renamed:    Collectl--An Advanced All-in-One Performance Monitoring Tool for Linux.md -> 201406/Collectl--An Advanced All-in-One Performance Monitoring Tool for Linux.md
	renamed:    Fix Adobe Flash Player Issue In Chromium In Ubuntu 14.04.md -> 201406/Fix Adobe Flash Player Issue In Chromium In Ubuntu 14.04.md
	renamed:    Guide To Install Ubuntu 14.04 In Dual Boot Mode With Windows 8 Or 8.1 UEFI.md -> 201406/Guide To Install Ubuntu 14.04 In Dual Boot Mode With Windows 8 Or 8.1 UEFI.md
	renamed:    How To Install 'California' Calendar App in Ubuntu 14.04.md -> 201406/How To Install 'California' Calendar App in Ubuntu 14.04.md
	renamed:    How To Remove Drive Icons From Unity Launcher In Ubuntu 14.04 [Beginner Tips].md -> 201406/How To Remove Drive Icons From Unity Launcher In Ubuntu 14.04 [Beginner Tips].md
	renamed:    How to Install Windows 8.1 and Ubuntu 14.04 LTS on the Same Computer.md -> 201406/How to Install Windows 8.1 and Ubuntu 14.04 LTS on the Same Computer.md
	renamed:    How to download webcomics from the command line on Linux.md -> 201406/How to download webcomics from the command line on Linux.md
	renamed:    How to launch applications differently with Gnome-Pie on Linux desktop.md -> 201406/How to launch applications differently with Gnome-Pie on Linux desktop.md
	renamed:    How to manage Linux containers with Docker on Ubuntu.md -> 201406/How to manage Linux containers with Docker on Ubuntu.md
	renamed:    How to manage ip addresses and subnets with phpIPAM.md -> 201406/How to manage ip addresses and subnets with phpIPAM.md
	renamed:    How to manage passwords from the command line on Linux.md -> 201406/How to manage passwords from the command line on Linux.md
	renamed:    How to monitor Nginx web server from the command line in real time.md -> 201406/How to monitor Nginx web server from the command line in real time.md
	renamed:    How to set up a web-based lightweight system monitor on Linux.md -> 201406/How to set up a web-based lightweight system monitor on Linux.md
	renamed:    How to take a screenshot from the command line on Linux.md -> 201406/How to take a screenshot from the command line on Linux.md
	renamed:    How to take full length screenshots of websites via terminal.md -> 201406/How to take full length screenshots of websites via terminal.md
	renamed:    How to use LVM in Linux.md -> 201406/How to use LVM in Linux.md
	renamed:    How to verify DDOS attack with netstat command on Linux Terminal.md -> 201406/How to verify DDOS attack with netstat command on Linux Terminal.md
	renamed:    Install SoundCloud In Ubuntu 14.04.md -> 201406/Install SoundCloud In Ubuntu 14.04.md
	renamed:    Linux Pros' Top Command Line Secrets.md -> 201406/Linux Pros' Top Command Line Secrets.md
	renamed:    Linux Terminal--Dstat monitoring tools.md -> 201406/Linux Terminal--Dstat monitoring tools.md
	renamed:    Making Linux Feel at Home.md -> 201406/Making Linux Feel at Home.md
	renamed:    Open Source's Cult Of Personality Is Dying--Thankfully.md -> 201406/Open Source's Cult Of Personality Is Dying--Thankfully.md
	renamed:    Pros' Secrets and Red Hat 7 and PCLinuxOS 2014.05 Reviews.md -> 201406/Pros' Secrets and Red Hat 7 and PCLinuxOS 2014.05 Reviews.md
	renamed:    Start Practising Linux ip command and Avoid the Habit of Using ifconfig.md -> 201406/Start Practising Linux ip command and Avoid the Habit of Using ifconfig.md
	renamed:    TechView--Linus Torvalds Inventor of Linux.md -> 201406/TechView--Linus Torvalds Inventor of Linux.md
	renamed:    Turn Off Bluetooth By Default In Ubuntu 14.04 [Quick Tip].md -> 201406/Turn Off Bluetooth By Default In Ubuntu 14.04 [Quick Tip].md
	renamed:    Ubuntu Linux Community Manager Jono Bacon Leaves Canonical.md -> 201406/Ubuntu Linux Community Manager Jono Bacon Leaves Canonical.md
	renamed:    What Heartbleed Teaches Us--Be An Open Source Contributor, Not Just A User.md -> 201406/What Heartbleed Teaches Us--Be An Open Source Contributor, Not Just A User.md
	renamed:    Why htop Command Compete Linux top Command.md -> 201406/Why htop Command Compete Linux top Command.md
2014-06-30 21:53:24 +08:00

6.2 KiB
Raw Blame History

实用的Linux SHELL面试问题及答案

随着之前有关面试的系列文章读者的反应比较强烈所以我决定出一篇有关Linux Shell相关的面试文章如果对本文有什么意见或意见的话欢迎反馈到我的邮箱里。

如果想要阅读已发表在Tecmint.com的文章可以点击链接链接到[访谈系列] 1在这里我们已经介绍很多题目即文章。FTPMySQL和Apache的脚本Linux命令等。

Practical Interview Question on Shell Scripting

实用的shell脚本面试问题

这边提到的5个面试问题延续之前的有关Linux面试问题和答案。如果你是Tecmint.com的读者你的支持我非常感谢。

1. 写一个shell脚本来得到当前的日期时间用户名和当前工作目录。

答案 : 输出用户名当前日期和时间以及当前工作目录的命令就是lognamedatewho i am和pwd。

现在,创建一个名为**userstats.sh**文件,将下面的代码添加到它。

#!/bin/bash 
echo "Hello, $LOGNAME" 
echo "Current date is `date`" 
echo "User is `who i am`" 
echo "Current directory `pwd`"

给它添加执行权限,并且执行他。

# chmod 755 userstats.sh 
# ./userstats.sh

样例输出

Hello, avi 
Current date is Sat Jun  7 13:05:29 IST 2014 
User is avi      pts/0        2014-06-07 11:59 (:0) 
Current directory /home/avi/Desktop

2.写一个shell脚本进行两个数字的相加如果没有输入参数就输出错误信息和一行使用说明###

答案 : 下面是简单的shell脚本以及描述如果没有命令行参数它会抛出错误与如何使用脚本的说明。

再创建一个名为**twonumbers.sh**文件和下面的内容添加到文件里。

#!/bin/bash 
# The Shebang

if [ $# -ne 2 ] 
# If two Inputs are not received from Standard Input

then 
# then execute the below statements

    echo "Usage - $0   x    y" 
    # print on standard output, how-to use the script (Usage - ./1.sh   x    y )

    echo "        Where x and y are two nos for which I will print sum" 
    # print on standard output, “Where x and y are two nos for which I will print sum ”

    exit 1 
    # Leave shell in Error Stage and before the task was successfully carried out.

fi 
# End of the if Statement.

    echo "Sum of $1 and $2 is `expr $1 + $2`"
    # If the above condition was false and user Entered two numbers as a command Line Argument,   
       it will show the sum of the entered numbers.

给他添加可执行权限,并且执行。

# chmod 755 two-numbers.sh

情形一: 未输入两个数字作为命令行参数运行脚本,你将得到下面的输出。

样例输出

# ./two-numbers.sh

Usage - ./two-numbers.sh   x    y 
        Where x and y are two nos for which I will print sum

情形二: 当数字存在时,你会得到如图所示的结果。

$ ./two-numbers.sh 4 5 

Sum of 4 and 5 is 9

因此上述shell脚本满足了问题的要求。

3.你需要打印一个给定的数字的反序如输入10572输出27501如果没有输入数据应该抛出错误和使用脚本说明。在此之前告诉我你需要在这里使用的算法。

算法

  1. 输入的数字为n
  2. 赋值 rev=0, sd=0 (反向和单个数字设置为0)
  3. n % 10, 将得到最左边的数字
  4. 反向数字可以用这个方法生成 rev * 10 + sd
  5. 对输入数字进行右位移操作除以10
  6. 如果n > 0, 进入第三步,否则进行第七步
  7. 输出rev

现在,创建一个名为**numbers.sh**文件,并添加以下代码。

#!/bin/bash 
if [ $# -ne 1 ] 
then 
    echo "Usage: $0   number" 
    echo "       I will find reverse of given number" 
    echo "       For eg. $0 0123, I will print 3210" 
    exit 1 
fi 

n=$1 
rev=0 
sd=0 

while [ $n -gt 0 ] 
do 
    sd=`expr $n % 10` 
    rev=`expr $rev \* 10  + $sd` 
    n=`expr $n / 10` 
done 
    echo  "Reverse number is $rev"

授予对文件的执行权限,并运行如下所示的脚本。

# chmod 755 numbers.h

情形一: 当输入不包含命令行参数,你将得到下面的输出。

样例输出

./numbers.sh

Usage: ./numbers.sh  number 
       I will find reverse of given number 
       For eg. ./2.sh 123, I will print 321

情形二: 正常输入

$ ./numbers.sh 10572 

Reverse number is 27501

上面的脚本非常完美,输出正是我们需要的。

4. 你应该直接用终端而不是依靠任何shell脚本来进行实数计算。你会怎么做比如实数7.56+2.453

答案 : 我们需要用如下所述的特殊方式使用bc命令。将7.56+2.453作为输入通过管道进入bc中。

$ echo 7.56 + 2.453 | bc

10.013

5. 你需要给出圆周率的值精度为小数点后100位什么是最简单的方法。

答案 : 找圆周率的值最简单的方法,我们只是需要发出以下命令。

# pi 100 

3.141592653589793238462643383279502884197169399375105820974944592307816406286208998628034825342117067

很明显!安装我们必须有包**pi。只用一个aptyum**命令,就能获得所需的软件包,同时用最简单方法来实现这个需求。

就是这样。我会很快在Tecmint.com发表另一个有趣的文章。至此敬请关注。别忘了向我们提供您在的评论和反馈。


via: http://www.tecmint.com/practical-interview-questions-on-linux-shell-scripting/

译者:MikeCoder 校对:wxy

本文由 LCTT 原创翻译,Linux中国 荣誉推出