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2.1 KiB
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81 lines
2.1 KiB
Markdown
(runningwater认领)
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Linux Terminal: Seeing the unseen characters with cat!
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================================================================================
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Sometimes a program or software don’t start for a syntax error, and if you check the files there is nothing wrong..apparently.
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There are a lot of characters that usually are not printed if you use a normal text editor, but you can easily check if they are present with your terminal and the command cat.
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As first thing let’s create a simple text file with these special characters, open a terminal and run the command:
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printf 'testing\012\011\011testing\014\010\012more testing\012\011\000\013\000even more testing\012\011\011\011\012' > /tmp/testing.txt
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Now if you open the file with an editor you’ll have different results.
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A simple cat will show:
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$ cat /tmp/testing.txt
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testing
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testing
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more testing
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even more testing
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While if you open it with nano or vim you’ll see :
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testing
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testing^L^H
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more testing
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^@^K^@even more testing
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Now we can see some options of cat to print special characters.
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1) Use cat -T to display TAB characters as ^I
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cat -T /tmp/testing.txt
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testing
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^I^Itesting
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more testing
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^I
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even more testing
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^I^I^I
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2) Use cat -E to display $ at end of each line
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$ cat -E /tmp/testing.txt
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testing$
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testing
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$
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more testing$
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even more testing$
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$
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3) Use a simple cat -A to show up all the invisible characters:
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$ cat -A /tmp/testing.txt
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testing$
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^I^Itesting^L^H$
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more testing$
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^I^@^K^@even more testing$
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^I^I^I$
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://linuxaria.com/pills/linux-terminal-seeing-the-unseen-characters-with-cat?lang=en#more-7645
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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译者：[runningwater](https://github.com/runningwater) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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