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163 lines
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163 lines
6.4 KiB
Markdown
[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: (geekpi)
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[#]: reviewer: ( )
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[#]: publisher: ( )
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[#]: url: ( )
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[#]: subject: (Teach Python with the Mu editor)
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[#]: via: (https://opensource.com/article/20/9/teach-python-mu)
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[#]: author: (Don Watkins https://opensource.com/users/don-watkins)
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Teach Python with the Mu editor
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======
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Mu makes it easy to learn how to write Python code.
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![Hands on a keyboard with a Python book ][1]
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Teaching kids to code is very popular in schools. Many years ago, in the days of the Apple II and [Logo][2] programming, I learned about turtle graphics. I enjoyed learning how to program the virtual turtle and later helping students to do the same.
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About five years ago, I learned about [Python's turtle module][3], and it was the segue to my Python journey. Soon, I started using the turtle module to teach students Python programming basics, including using it to create interesting graphics.
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### Get started with Python's turtle module
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On a Linux or macOS computer, you can just open a terminal, enter the word `python`, and you'll see the Python shell.
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If you are using a Windows computer, you will need to install Python first by going to the Python website and [downloading][4] the latest stable version.
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Next, import the turtle module into Python with `import turtle `or `import turtle as t`. Then you can start having some fun creating turtle graphics.
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### Meet Mu
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In the early days of my Python adventure, I used [IDLE][5], Python's integrated development environment. It was much easier than entering commands into the Python shell, plus I could write and save programs for later use. I took some online courses and read many excellent books about Python programming. I taught teachers and students how to create turtle graphics using IDLE.
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IDLE was a big improvement, but at PyConUS 2019 in Cleveland, I saw a presentation by [Nicholas Tollervey][6] that changed the way I learned and taught Python. Nick is an educator who created [Mu][7], a Python editor specifically for young programmers (and even older ones like me). Mu can be installed on Linux, macOS, and Windows. It's easy to use and comes with excellent [documentation][8] and [tutorials][9].
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On Linux, you can install Mu from the command line.
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On Ubuntu or Debian:
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```
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`$ sudo apt install mu-editor`
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```
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On Fedora or similar:
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```
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`$ sudo dnf install mu`
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```
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Or, you can use Python to do the install. First, ensure you have Python 3 installed:
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```
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`$ python --version`
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```
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If that fails, try:
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```
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`$ python3 --version`
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```
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Assuming you have Python version 3 or better, install Mu using `pip`, the Python package manager:
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```
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`$ python -m pip install mu-editor --user`
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```
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Then you can run Mu from the command line or create a shortcut using:
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```
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`$ python -m pip install shortcut mu-editor --user`
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```
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Mu is installed by default on the [Raspberry Pi][10], which is a great plus. In the past couple of years, I have introduced students to the Raspberry Pi and Python programming using the Mu editor.
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### How to teach Python with Mu
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Mu is a great way to show students how easy it is to get started with Python. Here's how I teach my students to start using it.
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1. Open the Mu editor.
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![Mu editor][11]
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(Don Watkins, [CC BY-SA 4.0][12])
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2. Enter `import turtle` to import the Turtle module, so you can get the turtle moving. My first lesson is drawing a simple square in Python code.
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![Mu editor][13]
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(Don Watkins, [CC BY-SA 4.0][12])
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3. Save this program, making sure that the file name ends in .py.
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![Saving program in Mu][14]
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(Don Watkins, [CC BY-SA 4.0][12])
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4. Run the program. Running even a simple program like this is energizing—it's fun to see the graphical output of a program you wrote.
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![Running Python program in Mu][15]
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(Don Watkins, [CC BY-SA 4.0][12])
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### Beyond the basics
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After this simple lesson, I explain that there are some ways to simplify and expand on the basics the students have learned. One is creating a simpler turtle object, `import turtle as t`. Then I introduce a `for` loop as another way to draw a square with the turtle.
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![for loops in Python with Mu][16]
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(Don Watkins, [CC BY-SA 4.0][12])
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Next, I show how to create a `my_square` function as another way to draw a square.
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![my_square function][17]
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(Don Watkins, [CC BY-SA 4.0][12])
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Later, I expand on this concept by introducing other turtle module methods, including `penup`, `pendown`, and `pencolor`. Soon, my students are developing more complex programs and iterating on them.
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![Mu editor][18]
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(Don Watkins, [CC BY-SA 4.0][12])
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I am always eager to learn, and I would love to know how you are teaching Python in school or at home. Please share your experience in the comments.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://opensource.com/article/20/9/teach-python-mu
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作者:[Don Watkins][a]
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选题:[lujun9972][b]
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译者:[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对:[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译,[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://opensource.com/users/don-watkins
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/python-programming-code-keyboard.png?itok=fxiSpmnd (Hands on a keyboard with a Python book )
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[2]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logo_(programming_language)
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[3]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/turtle.html
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[4]: https://www.python.org/downloads/windows/
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[5]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/idle.html
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[6]: https://ntoll.org/
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[7]: https://codewith.mu/en/download
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[8]: https://codewith.mu/en/howto/
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[9]: https://codewith.mu/en/tutorials/
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[10]: https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/mu-python-ide/
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[11]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/mu-1_open.png (Mu editor)
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[12]: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
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[13]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/mu-2_square.png (Mu editor)
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[14]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/mu-3_save.png (Saving program in Mu)
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[15]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/mu-4_run.png (Running Python program in Mu)
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[16]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/mu-5_for-loop.png (for loops in Python with Mu)
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[17]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/mu-6_my_square.png (my_square function)
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[18]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/mu-7_beyond-basics.png (Mu editor)
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