mirror of
https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject.git
synced 2024-12-29 21:41:00 +08:00
631 lines
23 KiB
Markdown
631 lines
23 KiB
Markdown
如何在 Linux 中列出可用的软件包组
|
||
======
|
||
|
||
我们知道,如果想要在 Linux 中安装软件包,可以使用软件包管理器来进行安装。由于系统管理员需要频繁用到软件包管理器,所以它是 Linux 当中的一个重要工具。
|
||
|
||
但是如果想一次性安装一个软件包组,在 Linux 中有可能吗?又如何通过命令去实现呢?
|
||
|
||
在 Linux 中确实可以用软件包管理器来达到这样的目的。很多软件包管理器都有这样的选项来实现这个功能,但就我所知,`apt` 或 `apt-get` 软件包管理器却并没有这个选项。因此对基于 Debian 的系统,需要使用的命令是 `tasksel`,而不是 `apt` 或 `apt-get` 这样的官方软件包管理器。
|
||
|
||
在 Linux 中安装软件包组有很多好处。对于 LAMP 来说,安装过程会包含多个软件包,但如果安装软件包组命令来安装,只安装一个包就可以了。
|
||
|
||
当你的团队需要安装 LAMP,但不知道其中具体包含哪些软件包,这个时候软件包组就派上用场了。软件包组是 Linux 系统上一个很方便的工具,它能让你轻松地完成一组软件包的安装。
|
||
|
||
软件包组是一组用于公共功能的软件包,包括系统工具、声音和视频。 安装软件包组的过程中,会获取到一系列的依赖包,从而大大节省了时间。
|
||
|
||
**推荐阅读:**
|
||
|
||
- [如何在 Linux 上按照大小列出已安装的软件包][1]
|
||
- [如何在 Linux 上查看/列出可用的软件包更新][2]
|
||
- [如何在 Linux 上查看软件包的安装/更新/升级/移除/卸载时间][3]
|
||
- [如何在 Linux 上查看一个软件包的详细信息][4]
|
||
- [如何查看一个软件包是否在你的 Linux 发行版上可用][5]
|
||
- [萌新指导:一个可视化的 Linux 包管理工具][6]
|
||
- [老手必会:命令行软件包管理器的用法][7]
|
||
|
||
### 如何在 CentOS/RHEL 系统上列出可用的软件包组
|
||
|
||
RHEL 和 CentOS 系统使用的是 RPM 软件包,因此可以使用 `yum` 软件包管理器来获取相关的软件包信息。
|
||
|
||
`yum` 是 “Yellowdog Updater, Modified” 的缩写,它是一个用于基于 RPM 系统(例如 RHEL 和 CentOS)的,开源的命令行软件包管理工具。它是从发行版仓库或其它第三方库中获取、安装、删除、查询和管理 RPM 包的主要工具。
|
||
|
||
**推荐阅读:** [使用 yum 命令在 RHEL/CentOS 系统上管理软件包][8]
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
# yum grouplist
|
||
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security
|
||
Setting up Group Process
|
||
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
|
||
* epel: epel.mirror.constant.com
|
||
Installed Groups:
|
||
Base
|
||
E-mail server
|
||
Graphical Administration Tools
|
||
Hardware monitoring utilities
|
||
Legacy UNIX compatibility
|
||
Milkymist
|
||
Networking Tools
|
||
Performance Tools
|
||
Perl Support
|
||
Security Tools
|
||
Available Groups:
|
||
Additional Development
|
||
Backup Client
|
||
Backup Server
|
||
CIFS file server
|
||
Client management tools
|
||
Compatibility libraries
|
||
Console internet tools
|
||
Debugging Tools
|
||
Desktop
|
||
.
|
||
.
|
||
Available Language Groups:
|
||
Afrikaans Support [af]
|
||
Albanian Support [sq]
|
||
Amazigh Support [ber]
|
||
Arabic Support [ar]
|
||
Armenian Support [hy]
|
||
Assamese Support [as]
|
||
Azerbaijani Support [az]
|
||
.
|
||
.
|
||
Done
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
如果需要列出相关联的软件包,可以执行以下这个命令。下面的例子是列出和 “Performance Tools” 组相关联的软件包。
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
# yum groupinfo "Performance Tools"
|
||
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security
|
||
Setting up Group Process
|
||
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
|
||
* epel: ewr.edge.kernel.org
|
||
|
||
Group: Performance Tools
|
||
Description: Tools for diagnosing system and application-level performance problems.
|
||
Mandatory Packages:
|
||
blktrace
|
||
sysstat
|
||
Default Packages:
|
||
dstat
|
||
iotop
|
||
latencytop
|
||
latencytop-tui
|
||
oprofile
|
||
perf
|
||
powertop
|
||
seekwatcher
|
||
Optional Packages:
|
||
oprofile-jit
|
||
papi
|
||
sdparm
|
||
sg3_utils
|
||
tiobench
|
||
tuned
|
||
tuned-utils
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 如何在 Fedora 系统上列出可用的软件包组
|
||
|
||
Fedora 系统使用的是 DNF 软件包管理器,因此可以通过 DNF 软件包管理器来获取相关的信息。
|
||
|
||
DNF 的含义是 “Dandified yum”。DNF 软件包管理器是 YUM 软件包管理器的一个分支,它使用 hawkey/libsolv 库作为后端。从 Fedora 18 开始,Aleš Kozumplík 开始着手 DNF 的开发,直到在 Fedora 22 开始加入到系统中。
|
||
|
||
`dnf` 命令可以在 Fedora 22 及更高版本上安装、更新、搜索和删除软件包, 它可以自动解决软件包的依赖关系并其顺利安装,不会产生问题。
|
||
|
||
YUM 被 DNF 取代是由于 YUM 中存在一些长期未被解决的问题。为什么 Aleš Kozumplík 没有对 yum 的这些问题作出修补呢,他认为补丁解决存在技术上的难题,而 YUM 团队也不会马上接受这些更改,还有一些重要的问题。而且 YUM 的代码量有 5.6 万行,而 DNF 只有 2.9 万行。因此已经不需要沿着 YUM 的方向继续开发了,重新开一个分支才是更好的选择。
|
||
|
||
**推荐阅读:** [在 Fedora 系统上使用 DNF 命令管理软件包][9]
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
# dnf grouplist
|
||
Last metadata expiration check: 0:00:00 ago on Sun 09 Sep 2018 07:10:36 PM IST.
|
||
Available Environment Groups:
|
||
Fedora Custom Operating System
|
||
Minimal Install
|
||
Fedora Server Edition
|
||
Fedora Workstation
|
||
Fedora Cloud Server
|
||
KDE Plasma Workspaces
|
||
Xfce Desktop
|
||
LXDE Desktop
|
||
Hawaii Desktop
|
||
LXQt Desktop
|
||
Cinnamon Desktop
|
||
MATE Desktop
|
||
Sugar Desktop Environment
|
||
Development and Creative Workstation
|
||
Web Server
|
||
Infrastructure Server
|
||
Basic Desktop
|
||
Installed Groups:
|
||
C Development Tools and Libraries
|
||
Development Tools
|
||
Available Groups:
|
||
3D Printing
|
||
Administration Tools
|
||
Ansible node
|
||
Audio Production
|
||
Authoring and Publishing
|
||
Books and Guides
|
||
Cloud Infrastructure
|
||
Cloud Management Tools
|
||
Container Management
|
||
D Development Tools and Libraries
|
||
.
|
||
.
|
||
RPM Development Tools
|
||
Security Lab
|
||
Text-based Internet
|
||
Window Managers
|
||
GNOME Desktop Environment
|
||
Graphical Internet
|
||
KDE (K Desktop Environment)
|
||
Fonts
|
||
Games and Entertainment
|
||
Hardware Support
|
||
Sound and Video
|
||
System Tools
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
如果需要列出相关联的软件包,可以执行以下这个命令。下面的例子是列出和 “Editor” 组相关联的软件包。
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
# dnf groupinfo Editors
|
||
Last metadata expiration check: 0:04:57 ago on Sun 09 Sep 2018 07:10:36 PM IST.
|
||
|
||
Group: Editors
|
||
Description: Sometimes called text editors, these are programs that allow you to create and edit text files. This includes Emacs and Vi.
|
||
Optional Packages:
|
||
code-editor
|
||
cssed
|
||
emacs
|
||
emacs-auctex
|
||
emacs-bbdb
|
||
emacs-ess
|
||
emacs-vm
|
||
geany
|
||
gobby
|
||
jed
|
||
joe
|
||
leafpad
|
||
nedit
|
||
poedit
|
||
psgml
|
||
vim-X11
|
||
vim-enhanced
|
||
xemacs
|
||
xemacs-packages-base
|
||
xemacs-packages-extra
|
||
xemacs-xft
|
||
xmlcopyeditor
|
||
zile
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 如何在 openSUSE 系统上列出可用的软件包组
|
||
|
||
openSUSE 系统使用的是 zypper 软件包管理器,因此可以通过 zypper 软件包管理器来获取相关的信息。
|
||
|
||
Zypper 是 suse 和 openSUSE 发行版的命令行包管理器。它可以用于安装、更新、搜索和删除软件包,还有管理存储库,执行各种查询等功能。 Zypper 命令行界面用到了 ZYpp 系统管理库(libzypp)。
|
||
|
||
**推荐阅读:** [在 openSUSE 和 suse 系统使用 zypper 命令管理软件包][10]
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
# zypper patterns
|
||
Loading repository data...
|
||
Warning: Repository 'Update Repository (Non-Oss)' appears to be outdated. Consider using a different mirror or server.
|
||
Warning: Repository 'Main Update Repository' appears to be outdated. Consider using a different mirror or server.
|
||
Reading installed packages...
|
||
S | Name | Version | Repository | Dependency
|
||
---|----------------------|---------------|-----------------------|-----------
|
||
| 64bit | 20150918-25.1 | Main Repository (OSS) |
|
||
| apparmor | 20150918-25.1 | Main Repository (OSS) |
|
||
i | apparmor | 20150918-25.1 | @System |
|
||
| base | 20150918-25.1 | Main Repository (OSS) |
|
||
i+ | base | 20150918-25.1 | @System |
|
||
| books | 20150918-25.1 | Main Repository (OSS) |
|
||
| console | 20150918-25.1 | Main Repository (OSS) |
|
||
| devel_C_C++ | 20150918-25.1 | Main Repository (OSS) |
|
||
i | enhanced_base | 20150918-25.1 | @System |
|
||
| enlightenment | 20150918-25.1 | Main Repository (OSS) |
|
||
| file_server | 20150918-25.1 | Main Repository (OSS) |
|
||
| fonts | 20150918-25.1 | Main Repository (OSS) |
|
||
i | fonts | 20150918-25.1 | @System |
|
||
| games | 20150918-25.1 | Main Repository (OSS) |
|
||
i | games | 20150918-25.1 | @System |
|
||
| gnome | 20150918-25.1 | Main Repository (OSS) |
|
||
| gnome_basis | 20150918-25.1 | Main Repository (OSS) |
|
||
i | imaging | 20150918-25.1 | @System |
|
||
| kde | 20150918-25.1 | Main Repository (OSS) |
|
||
i+ | kde | 20150918-25.1 | @System |
|
||
| kde_plasma | 20150918-25.1 | Main Repository (OSS) |
|
||
i | kde_plasma | 20150918-25.1 | @System |
|
||
| lamp_server | 20150918-25.1 | Main Repository (OSS) |
|
||
| laptop | 20150918-25.1 | Main Repository (OSS) |
|
||
i+ | laptop | 20150918-25.1 | @System |
|
||
| lxde | 20150918-25.1 | Main Repository (OSS) |
|
||
| lxqt | 20150918-25.1 | Main Repository (OSS) |
|
||
i | multimedia | 20150918-25.1 | @System |
|
||
| network_admin | 20150918-25.1 | Main Repository (OSS) |
|
||
| non_oss | 20150918-25.1 | Main Repository (OSS) |
|
||
i | non_oss | 20150918-25.1 | @System |
|
||
| office | 20150918-25.1 | Main Repository (OSS) |
|
||
i | office | 20150918-25.1 | @System |
|
||
| print_server | 20150918-25.1 | Main Repository (OSS) |
|
||
| remote_desktop | 20150918-25.1 | Main Repository (OSS) |
|
||
| x11 | 20150918-25.1 | Main Repository (OSS) |
|
||
i+ | x11 | 20150918-25.1 | @System |
|
||
| x86 | 20150918-25.1 | Main Repository (OSS) |
|
||
| xen_server | 20150918-25.1 | Main Repository (OSS) |
|
||
| xfce | 20150918-25.1 | Main Repository (OSS) |
|
||
| xfce_basis | 20150918-25.1 | Main Repository (OSS) |
|
||
| yast2_basis | 20150918-25.1 | Main Repository (OSS) |
|
||
i | yast2_basis | 20150918-25.1 | @System |
|
||
| yast2_install_wf | 20150918-25.1 | Main Repository (OSS) |
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
如果需要列出相关联的软件包,可以执行以下这个命令。下面的例子是列出和 “file_server” 组相关联的软件包。另外 `zypper` 还允许用户使用不同的选项执行相同的操作。
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
# zypper info file_server
|
||
Loading repository data...
|
||
Warning: Repository 'Update Repository (Non-Oss)' appears to be outdated. Consider using a different mirror or server.
|
||
Warning: Repository 'Main Update Repository' appears to be outdated. Consider using a different mirror or server.
|
||
Reading installed packages...
|
||
|
||
Information for pattern file_server:
|
||
------------------------------------
|
||
Repository : Main Repository (OSS)
|
||
Name : file_server
|
||
Version : 20150918-25.1
|
||
Arch : x86_64
|
||
Vendor : openSUSE
|
||
Installed : No
|
||
Visible to User : Yes
|
||
Summary : File Server
|
||
Description :
|
||
File services to host files so that they may be accessed or retrieved by other computers on the same network. This includes the FTP, SMB, and NFS protocols.
|
||
Contents :
|
||
S | Name | Type | Dependency
|
||
---|-------------------------------|---------|------------
|
||
i+ | patterns-openSUSE-base | package | Required
|
||
| patterns-openSUSE-file_server | package | Required
|
||
| nfs-kernel-server | package | Recommended
|
||
i | nfsidmap | package | Recommended
|
||
i | samba | package | Recommended
|
||
i | samba-client | package | Recommended
|
||
i | samba-winbind | package | Recommended
|
||
| tftp | package | Recommended
|
||
| vsftpd | package | Recommended
|
||
| yast2-ftp-server | package | Recommended
|
||
| yast2-nfs-server | package | Recommended
|
||
i | yast2-samba-server | package | Recommended
|
||
| yast2-tftp-server | package | Recommended
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
如果需要列出相关联的软件包,可以执行以下这个命令。
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
# zypper pattern-info file_server
|
||
Loading repository data...
|
||
Warning: Repository 'Update Repository (Non-Oss)' appears to be outdated. Consider using a different mirror or server.
|
||
Warning: Repository 'Main Update Repository' appears to be outdated. Consider using a different mirror or server.
|
||
Reading installed packages...
|
||
|
||
|
||
Information for pattern file_server:
|
||
------------------------------------
|
||
Repository : Main Repository (OSS)
|
||
Name : file_server
|
||
Version : 20150918-25.1
|
||
Arch : x86_64
|
||
Vendor : openSUSE
|
||
Installed : No
|
||
Visible to User : Yes
|
||
Summary : File Server
|
||
Description :
|
||
File services to host files so that they may be accessed or retrieved by other computers on the same network. This includes the FTP, SMB, and NFS protocols.
|
||
Contents :
|
||
S | Name | Type | Dependency
|
||
---|-------------------------------|---------|------------
|
||
i+ | patterns-openSUSE-base | package | Required
|
||
| patterns-openSUSE-file_server | package | Required
|
||
| nfs-kernel-server | package | Recommended
|
||
i | nfsidmap | package | Recommended
|
||
i | samba | package | Recommended
|
||
i | samba-client | package | Recommended
|
||
i | samba-winbind | package | Recommended
|
||
| tftp | package | Recommended
|
||
| vsftpd | package | Recommended
|
||
| yast2-ftp-server | package | Recommended
|
||
| yast2-nfs-server | package | Recommended
|
||
i | yast2-samba-server | package | Recommended
|
||
| yast2-tftp-server | package | Recommended
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
如果需要列出相关联的软件包,也可以执行以下这个命令。
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
# zypper info pattern file_server
|
||
Loading repository data...
|
||
Warning: Repository 'Update Repository (Non-Oss)' appears to be outdated. Consider using a different mirror or server.
|
||
Warning: Repository 'Main Update Repository' appears to be outdated. Consider using a different mirror or server.
|
||
Reading installed packages...
|
||
|
||
Information for pattern file_server:
|
||
------------------------------------
|
||
Repository : Main Repository (OSS)
|
||
Name : file_server
|
||
Version : 20150918-25.1
|
||
Arch : x86_64
|
||
Vendor : openSUSE
|
||
Installed : No
|
||
Visible to User : Yes
|
||
Summary : File Server
|
||
Description :
|
||
File services to host files so that they may be accessed or retrieved by other computers on the same network. This includes the FTP, SMB, and NFS protocols.
|
||
Contents :
|
||
S | Name | Type | Dependency
|
||
---|-------------------------------|---------|------------
|
||
i+ | patterns-openSUSE-base | package | Required
|
||
| patterns-openSUSE-file_server | package | Required
|
||
| nfs-kernel-server | package | Recommended
|
||
i | nfsidmap | package | Recommended
|
||
i | samba | package | Recommended
|
||
i | samba-client | package | Recommended
|
||
i | samba-winbind | package | Recommended
|
||
| tftp | package | Recommended
|
||
| vsftpd | package | Recommended
|
||
| yast2-ftp-server | package | Recommended
|
||
| yast2-nfs-server | package | Recommended
|
||
i | yast2-samba-server | package | Recommended
|
||
| yast2-tftp-server | package | Recommended
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
如果需要列出相关联的软件包,也可以执行以下这个命令。
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
# zypper info -t pattern file_server
|
||
Loading repository data...
|
||
Warning: Repository 'Update Repository (Non-Oss)' appears to be outdated. Consider using a different mirror or server.
|
||
Warning: Repository 'Main Update Repository' appears to be outdated. Consider using a different mirror or server.
|
||
Reading installed packages...
|
||
|
||
|
||
Information for pattern file_server:
|
||
------------------------------------
|
||
Repository : Main Repository (OSS)
|
||
Name : file_server
|
||
Version : 20150918-25.1
|
||
Arch : x86_64
|
||
Vendor : openSUSE
|
||
Installed : No
|
||
Visible to User : Yes
|
||
Summary : File Server
|
||
Description :
|
||
File services to host files so that they may be accessed or retrieved by other computers on the same network. This includes the FTP, SMB, and NFS protocols.
|
||
Contents :
|
||
S | Name | Type | Dependency
|
||
---|-------------------------------|---------|------------
|
||
i+ | patterns-openSUSE-base | package | Required
|
||
| patterns-openSUSE-file_server | package | Required
|
||
| nfs-kernel-server | package | Recommended
|
||
i | nfsidmap | package | Recommended
|
||
i | samba | package | Recommended
|
||
i | samba-client | package | Recommended
|
||
i | samba-winbind | package | Recommended
|
||
| tftp | package | Recommended
|
||
| vsftpd | package | Recommended
|
||
| yast2-ftp-server | package | Recommended
|
||
| yast2-nfs-server | package | Recommended
|
||
i | yast2-samba-server | package | Recommended
|
||
| yast2-tftp-server | package | Recommended
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 如何在 Debian/Ubuntu 系统上列出可用的软件包组
|
||
|
||
由于 APT 或 APT-GET 软件包管理器没有为基于 Debian/Ubuntu 的系统提供这样的选项,因此需要使用 `tasksel` 命令来获取相关信息。
|
||
|
||
[tasksel][11] 是 Debian/Ubuntu 系统上一个很方便的工具,只需要很少的操作就可以用它来安装好一组软件包。可以在 `/usr/share/tasksel` 目录下的 `.desc` 文件中安排软件包的安装任务。
|
||
|
||
默认情况下,`tasksel` 工具是作为 Debian 系统的一部分安装的,但桌面版 Ubuntu 则没有自带 `tasksel`,这个功能类似软件包管理器中的元包(meta-packages)。
|
||
|
||
`tasksel` 工具带有一个基于 zenity 的简单用户界面,例如命令行中的弹出图形对话框。
|
||
|
||
**推荐阅读:** [使用 tasksel 在 Debian/Ubuntu 系统上快速安装软件包组][12]
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
# tasksel --list-task
|
||
u kubuntu-live Kubuntu live CD
|
||
u lubuntu-live-gtk Lubuntu live CD (GTK part)
|
||
u ubuntu-budgie-live Ubuntu Budgie live CD
|
||
u ubuntu-live Ubuntu live CD
|
||
u ubuntu-mate-live Ubuntu MATE Live CD
|
||
u ubuntustudio-dvd-live Ubuntu Studio live DVD
|
||
u vanilla-gnome-live Ubuntu GNOME live CD
|
||
u xubuntu-live Xubuntu live CD
|
||
u cloud-image Ubuntu Cloud Image (instance)
|
||
u dns-server DNS server
|
||
u kubuntu-desktop Kubuntu desktop
|
||
u kubuntu-full Kubuntu full
|
||
u lamp-server LAMP server
|
||
u lubuntu-core Lubuntu minimal installation
|
||
u lubuntu-desktop Lubuntu Desktop
|
||
u lubuntu-gtk-core Lubuntu minimal installation (GTK part)
|
||
u lubuntu-gtk-desktop Lubuntu Desktop (GTK part)
|
||
u lubuntu-qt-core Lubuntu minimal installation (Qt part)
|
||
u lubuntu-qt-desktop Lubuntu Qt Desktop (Qt part)
|
||
u mail-server Mail server
|
||
u postgresql-server PostgreSQL database
|
||
i print-server Print server
|
||
u samba-server Samba file server
|
||
u tomcat-server Tomcat Java server
|
||
u ubuntu-budgie-desktop Ubuntu Budgie desktop
|
||
i ubuntu-desktop Ubuntu desktop
|
||
u ubuntu-mate-core Ubuntu MATE minimal
|
||
u ubuntu-mate-desktop Ubuntu MATE desktop
|
||
i ubuntu-usb Ubuntu desktop USB
|
||
u ubuntustudio-audio Audio recording and editing suite
|
||
u ubuntustudio-desktop Ubuntu Studio desktop
|
||
u ubuntustudio-desktop-core Ubuntu Studio minimal DE installation
|
||
u ubuntustudio-fonts Large selection of font packages
|
||
u ubuntustudio-graphics 2D/3D creation and editing suite
|
||
u ubuntustudio-photography Photograph touchup and editing suite
|
||
u ubuntustudio-publishing Publishing applications
|
||
u ubuntustudio-video Video creation and editing suite
|
||
u vanilla-gnome-desktop Vanilla GNOME desktop
|
||
u xubuntu-core Xubuntu minimal installation
|
||
u xubuntu-desktop Xubuntu desktop
|
||
u openssh-server OpenSSH server
|
||
u server Basic Ubuntu server
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
如果需要列出相关联的软件包,可以执行以下这个命令。下面的例子是列出和 “lamp-server” 组相关联的软件包。
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
# tasksel --task-desc "lamp-server"
|
||
Selects a ready-made Linux/Apache/MySQL/PHP server.
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
### 如何在基于 Arch Linux 的系统上列出可用的软件包组
|
||
|
||
基于 Arch Linux 的系统使用的是 pacman 软件包管理器,因此可以通过 pacman 软件包管理器来获取相关的信息。
|
||
|
||
pacman 是 “package manager” 的缩写。`pacman` 可以用于安装、构建、删除和管理 Arch Linux 软件包。`pacman` 使用 libalpm(Arch Linux Package Management 库,ALPM)作为后端来执行所有操作。
|
||
|
||
**推荐阅读:** [使用 pacman 在基于 Arch Linux 的系统上管理软件包][13]
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
# pacman -Sg
|
||
base-devel
|
||
base
|
||
multilib-devel
|
||
gnome-extra
|
||
kde-applications
|
||
kdepim
|
||
kdeutils
|
||
kdeedu
|
||
kf5
|
||
kdemultimedia
|
||
gnome
|
||
plasma
|
||
kdegames
|
||
kdesdk
|
||
kdebase
|
||
xfce4
|
||
fprint
|
||
kdegraphics
|
||
kdenetwork
|
||
kdeadmin
|
||
kf5-aids
|
||
kdewebdev
|
||
.
|
||
.
|
||
dlang-ldc
|
||
libretro
|
||
ring
|
||
lxqt
|
||
non-daw
|
||
non
|
||
alsa
|
||
qtcurve
|
||
realtime
|
||
sugar-fructose
|
||
tesseract-data
|
||
vim-plugins
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
如果需要列出相关联的软件包,可以执行以下这个命令。下面的例子是列出和 “gnome” 组相关联的软件包。
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
# pacman -Sg gnome
|
||
gnome baobab
|
||
gnome cheese
|
||
gnome eog
|
||
gnome epiphany
|
||
gnome evince
|
||
gnome file-roller
|
||
gnome gdm
|
||
gnome gedit
|
||
gnome gnome-backgrounds
|
||
gnome gnome-calculator
|
||
gnome gnome-calendar
|
||
gnome gnome-characters
|
||
gnome gnome-clocks
|
||
gnome gnome-color-manager
|
||
gnome gnome-contacts
|
||
gnome gnome-control-center
|
||
gnome gnome-dictionary
|
||
gnome gnome-disk-utility
|
||
gnome gnome-documents
|
||
gnome gnome-font-viewer
|
||
.
|
||
.
|
||
gnome sushi
|
||
gnome totem
|
||
gnome tracker
|
||
gnome tracker-miners
|
||
gnome vino
|
||
gnome xdg-user-dirs-gtk
|
||
gnome yelp
|
||
gnome gnome-boxes
|
||
gnome gnome-software
|
||
gnome simple-scan
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
也可以执行以下这个命令实现同样的效果。
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
# pacman -S gnome
|
||
:: There are 64 members in group gnome:
|
||
:: Repository extra
|
||
1) baobab 2) cheese 3) eog 4) epiphany 5) evince 6) file-roller 7) gdm 8) gedit 9) gnome-backgrounds 10) gnome-calculator 11) gnome-calendar 12) gnome-characters 13) gnome-clocks
|
||
14) gnome-color-manager 15) gnome-contacts 16) gnome-control-center 17) gnome-dictionary 18) gnome-disk-utility 19) gnome-documents 20) gnome-font-viewer 21) gnome-getting-started-docs
|
||
22) gnome-keyring 23) gnome-logs 24) gnome-maps 25) gnome-menus 26) gnome-music 27) gnome-photos 28) gnome-screenshot 29) gnome-session 30) gnome-settings-daemon 31) gnome-shell
|
||
32) gnome-shell-extensions 33) gnome-system-monitor 34) gnome-terminal 35) gnome-themes-extra 36) gnome-todo 37) gnome-user-docs 38) gnome-user-share 39) gnome-video-effects 40) grilo-plugins
|
||
41) gvfs 42) gvfs-afc 43) gvfs-goa 44) gvfs-google 45) gvfs-gphoto2 46) gvfs-mtp 47) gvfs-nfs 48) gvfs-smb 49) mousetweaks 50) mutter 51) nautilus 52) networkmanager 53) orca 54) rygel
|
||
55) sushi 56) totem 57) tracker 58) tracker-miners 59) vino 60) xdg-user-dirs-gtk 61) yelp
|
||
:: Repository community
|
||
62) gnome-boxes 63) gnome-software 64) simple-scan
|
||
|
||
Enter a selection (default=all): ^C
|
||
Interrupt signal received
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
可以执行以下命令检查相关软件包的数量。
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
# pacman -Sg gnome | wc -l
|
||
64
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
via: https://www.2daygeek.com/how-to-list-an-available-package-groups-in-linux/
|
||
|
||
作者:[Prakash Subramanian][a]
|
||
选题:[lujun9972](https://github.com/lujun9972)
|
||
译者:[HankChow](https://github.com/HankChow)
|
||
校对:[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
|
||
|
||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译,[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||
|
||
[a]: https://www.2daygeek.com/author/prakash/
|
||
[1]: https://www.2daygeek.com/how-to-list-installed-packages-by-size-largest-on-linux/
|
||
[2]: https://www.2daygeek.com/how-to-view-list-the-available-packages-updates-in-linux/
|
||
[3]: https://www.2daygeek.com/how-to-view-a-particular-package-installed-updated-upgraded-removed-erased-date-on-linux/
|
||
[4]: https://www.2daygeek.com/how-to-view-detailed-information-about-a-package-in-linux/
|
||
[5]: https://www.2daygeek.com/how-to-search-if-a-package-is-available-on-your-linux-distribution-or-not/
|
||
[6]: https://www.2daygeek.com/list-of-graphical-frontend-tool-for-linux-package-manager/
|
||
[7]: https://www.2daygeek.com/list-of-command-line-package-manager-for-linux/
|
||
[8]: https://www.2daygeek.com/yum-command-examples-manage-packages-rhel-centos-systems/
|
||
[9]: https://www.2daygeek.com/dnf-command-examples-manage-packages-fedora-system/
|
||
[10]: https://www.2daygeek.com/zypper-command-examples-manage-packages-opensuse-system/
|
||
[11]: https://wiki.debian.org/tasksel
|
||
[12]: https://www.2daygeek.com/tasksel-install-group-of-software-in-a-single-click-or-single-command-on-debian-ubuntu/
|
||
[13]: https://www.2daygeek.com/pacman-command-examples-manage-packages-arch-linux-system/
|
||
|