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9.2 KiB
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319 lines
9.2 KiB
Markdown
ictlyh Translating
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Install PostgreSQL 9.4 And phpPgAdmin On Ubuntu 15.10
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================================================================================
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### Introduction ###
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[PostgreSQL][1] is a powerful, open-source object-relational database system. It runs under all major operating systems, including Linux, UNIX (AIX, BSD, HP-UX, SGI IRIX, Mac OS, Solaris, Tru64), and Windows OS.
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Here is what **Mark Shuttleworth**, the founder of **Ubuntu**, says about PostgreSQL.
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> Postgres is a truly awesome database. When we started working on Launchpad I wasn’t sure if it would be up to the job. I was so wrong. It’s been robust, fast, and professional in every regard.
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>
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> — Mark Shuttleworth.
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In this handy tutorial, let us see how to install PostgreSQL 9.4 on Ubuntu 15.10 server.
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### Install PostgreSQL ###
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PostgreSQL is available in the default repositories. So enter the following command from the Terminal to install it.
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sudo apt-get install postgresql postgresql-contrib
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If you’re looking for other versions, add the PostgreSQL repository, and install it as shown below.
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The **PostgreSQL apt repository** supports LTS versions of Ubuntu (10.04, 12.04 and 14.04) on amd64 and i386 architectures as well as select non-LTS versions(14.10). While not fully supported, the packages often work on other non-LTS versions as well, by using the closest LTS version available.
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#### On Ubuntu 14.10 systems: ####
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Create the file **/etc/apt/sources.list.d/pgdg.list**;
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sudo vi /etc/apt/sources.list.d/pgdg.list
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Add a line for the repository:
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deb http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt/ utopic-pgdg main
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**Note**: The above repository will only work on Ubuntu 14.10. It is not updated yet to Ubuntu 15.04 and 15.10.
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**On Ubuntu 14.04**, add the following line:
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deb http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt/ trusty-pgdg main
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**On Ubuntu 12.04**, add the following line:
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deb http://apt.postgresql.org/pub/repos/apt/ precise-pgdg main
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Import the repository signing key:
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wget --quiet -O - https://www.postgresql.org/media/keys/ACCC4CF8.asc
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----------
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sudo apt-key add -
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Update the package lists:
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sudo apt-get update
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Then install the required version.
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sudo apt-get install postgresql-9.4
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### Accessing PostgreSQL command prompt ###
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The default database name and database user are “**postgres**”. Switch to postgres user to perform postgresql related operations:
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sudo -u postgres psql postgres
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#### Sample Output: ####
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psql (9.4.5)
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Type "help" for help.
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postgres=#
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To exit from posgresql prompt, type **\q** in the **psql** prompt return back to the Terminal.
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### Set “postgres” user password ###
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Login to postgresql prompt,
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sudo -u postgres psql postgres
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.. and set postgres password with following command:
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postgres=# \password postgres
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Enter new password:
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Enter it again:
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postgres=# \q
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To install PostgreSQL Adminpack, enter the command in postgresql prompt:
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sudo -u postgres psql postgres
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----------
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postgres=# CREATE EXTENSION adminpack;
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CREATE EXTENSION
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Type **\q** in the **psql** prompt to exit from posgresql prompt, and return back to the Terminal.
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### Create New User and Database ###
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For example, let us create a new user called “**senthil**” with password “**ubuntu**”, and database called “**mydb**”.
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sudo -u postgres createuser -D -A -P senthil
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----------
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sudo -u postgres createdb -O senthil mydb
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### Delete Users and Databases ###
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To delete the database, switch to postgres user:
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sudo -u postgres psql postgres
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Enter command:
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$ drop database <database-name>
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To delete a user, enter the following command:
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$ drop user <user-name>
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### Configure PostgreSQL-MD5 Authentication ###
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**MD5 authentication** requires the client to supply an MD5-encrypted password for authentication. To do that, edit **/etc/postgresql/9.4/main/pg_hba.conf** file:
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sudo vi /etc/postgresql/9.4/main/pg_hba.conf
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Add or Modify the lines as shown below
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[...]
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# TYPE DATABASE USER ADDRESS METHOD
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# "local" is for Unix domain socket connections only
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local all all md5
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# IPv4 local connections:
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host all all 127.0.0.1/32 md5
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host all all 192.168.1.0/24 md5
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# IPv6 local connections:
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host all all ::1/128 md5
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[...]
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Here, 192.168.1.0/24 is my local network IP address. Replace this value with your own address.
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Restart postgresql service to apply the changes:
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sudo systemctl restart postgresql
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Or,
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sudo service postgresql restart
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### Configure PostgreSQL-Configure TCP/IP ###
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By default, TCP/IP connection is disabled, so that the users from another computers can’t access postgresql. To allow to connect users from another computers, Edit file **/etc/postgresql/9.4/main/postgresql.conf:**
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sudo vi /etc/postgresql/9.4/main/postgresql.conf
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Find the lines:
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[...]
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#listen_addresses = 'localhost'
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[...]
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#port = 5432
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[...]
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Uncomment both lines, and set the IP address of your postgresql server or set ‘*’ to listen from all clients as shown below. You should be careful to make postgreSQL to be accessible from all remote clients.
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[...]
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listen_addresses = '*'
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[...]
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port = 5432
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[...]
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Restart postgresql service to save changes:
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sudo systemctl restart postgresql
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Or,
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sudo service postgresql restart
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### Manage PostgreSQL with phpPgAdmin ###
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[**phpPgAdmin**][2] is a web-based administration utility written in PHP for managing PosgreSQL.
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phpPgAdmin is available in default repositories. So, Install phpPgAdmin using command:
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sudo apt-get install phppgadmin
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By default, you can access phppgadmin using **http://localhost/phppgadmin** from your local system’s web browser.
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To access remote systems, do the following.
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On Ubuntu 15.10 systems:
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Edit file **/etc/apache2/conf-available/phppgadmin.conf**,
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sudo vi /etc/apache2/conf-available/phppgadmin.conf
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Find the line **Require local** and comment it by adding a **#** in front of the line.
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#Require local
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And add the following line:
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allow from all
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Save and exit the file.
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Then, restart apache service.
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sudo systemctl restart apache2
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On Ubuntu 14.10 and previous versions:
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Edit file **/etc/apache2/conf.d/phppgadmin**:
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sudo nano /etc/apache2/conf.d/phppgadmin
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Comment the following line:
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[...]
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#allow from 127.0.0.0/255.0.0.0 ::1/128
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Uncomment the following line to make phppgadmin from all systems.
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allow from all
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Edit **/etc/apache2/apache2.conf**:
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sudo vi /etc/apache2/apache2.conf
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Add the following line:
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Include /etc/apache2/conf.d/phppgadmin
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Then, restart apache service.
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sudo service apache2 restart
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### Configure phpPgAdmin ###
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Edit file **/etc/phppgadmin/config.inc.php**, and do the following changes. Most of these options are self-explanatory. Read them carefully to know why do you change these values.
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sudo nano /etc/phppgadmin/config.inc.php
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Find the following line:
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$conf['servers'][0]['host'] = '';
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Change it as shown below:
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$conf['servers'][0]['host'] = 'localhost';
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And find the line:
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$conf['extra_login_security'] = true;
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Change the value to **false**.
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$conf['extra_login_security'] = false;
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Find the line:
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$conf['owned_only'] = false;
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Set the value as **true**.
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$conf['owned_only'] = true;
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Save and close the file. Restart postgresql service and Apache services.
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sudo systemctl restart postgresql
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----------
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sudo systemctl restart apache2
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Or,
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sudo service postgresql restart
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sudo service apache2 restart
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Now open your browser and navigate to **http://ip-address/phppgadmin**. You will see the following screen.
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Login with users that you’ve created earlier. I already have created a user called “**senthil**” with password “**ubuntu**” before, so I log in with user “senthil”.
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Now, you will be able to access the phppgadmin dashboard.
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Log in with postgres user:
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That’s it. Now you’ll able to create, delete and alter databases graphically using phppgadmin.
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Cheers!
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://www.unixmen.com/install-postgresql-9-4-and-phppgadmin-on-ubuntu-15-10/
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作者：[SK][a]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:http://www.twitter.com/ostechnix
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[1]:http://www.postgresql.org/
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[2]:http://phppgadmin.sourceforge.net/doku.php |