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240 lines
9.5 KiB
Markdown
在RHEL/CentOS 7.0中安装LAMP(Linux、 Apache、 MariaDB、 PHP/PhpMyAdmin)
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================================================================================
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跳过LAMP的介绍因为我认为你们大多数已经知道了。这个教程会集中在如何在升级到Apache 2.4的 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.0 和 CentOS 7.0中安装和配置LAMP-Linux Apache、 MariaDB、 PHP、PhpMyAdmin。
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
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在RHEL/CentOS 7.0中安装LAMP
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#### 要求 ####
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根据使用的发行版,RHEL 或者 CentOS 7.0使用下面的链接来执行最小的系统安装,网络使用静态ip
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**对于RHEL 7.0**
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- [RHEL 7.0安装过程][1]
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- [在RHEL 7.0中注册和启用订阅仓库][2]
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**对于 CentOS 7.0**
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- [CentOS 7.0 安装过程][3]
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### 第一步: 使用基本配置安装apache ###
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**1. 在执行最小系统安装并配置[在RHEL/CentOS 7.0中配置静态ip][4]**就可以从使用下面的命令从官方仓库安装最新的Apache 2.4 httpd服务。
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# yum install httpd
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
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安装apache服务
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**2. 安装安城后,使用下面的命令来管理apache守护进程,因为RHEL and CentOS 7.0都将init脚本从SysV升级到了systemd - 你也可以同事使用SysV和Apache脚本来管理服务。**
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# systemctl status|start|stop|restart|reload httpd
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或者
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# service httpd status|start|stop|restart|reload
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或者
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# apachectl configtest| graceful
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
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启动apache服务
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**3. 下一步使用systemd初始化脚本来启动apache服务并用firewall-cmd打开RHEL/CentOS 7.0防火墙规则, 这是通过firewalld守护进程管理iptables的默认命令。**
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# firewall-cmd --add-service=http
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**注意**:上面的命令会在系统重启或者firewalld服务重启后失效,因为它是即时的规则,它不会永久生效。要使iptables规则在fiewwall中持久化,使用-permanent选项并重启firewalld服务来生效。
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# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=http
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# systemctl restart firewalld
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
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在CentOS 7中启用Firewall
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下面是firewalld其他的重要选项:
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# firewall-cmd --state
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# firewall-cmd --list-all
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# firewall-cmd --list-interfaces
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# firewall-cmd --get-service
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# firewall-cmd --query-service service_name
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# firewall-cmd --add-port=8080/tcp
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**4. 要验证apache的功能,打开一个远程浏览器并使用http协议输入你服务器的ip地址(http://server_IP), 应该会显示下图中的默认页面。**
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
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Apache默认页
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**5. 现在apache的根地址在/var/www/html,该目录中没有提供任何index文件。如果你想要看见根目录下的文件夹列表,打开apache欢迎配置文件并设置 <LocationMach>下Indexes前的状态从-到+,下面的截图就是一个例子。**
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# nano /etc/httpd/conf.d/welcome.conf
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
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Apache目录列出
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**6. 关闭文件,重启apache服务来使设置生效,重载页面来看最终效果。**
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# systemctl restart httpd
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
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Apache Index 文件
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### 第二步: 为Apache安装php5支持 ###
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**7. 在为apache安装php支持之前,使用下面的命令的得到所有可用的php模块和扩展。**
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# yum search php
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
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在
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**8. Depending on what type of applications you want to use, install the required PHP modules from the above list, but for a basic MariaDB support in PHP and PhpMyAdmin you need to install the following modules.**
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# yum install php php-mysql php-pdo php-gd php-mbstring
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
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Install PHP Modules
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
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Install PHP mbstring Module
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**9. To get a full information list on PHP from your browser, create a info.php file on Apache Document Root using the following command from root account, restart httpd service and direct your browser to the http://server_IP/info.php address.**
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# echo "<?php phpinfo(); ?>" > /var/www/html/info.php
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# systemctl restart httpd
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
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Check PHP Info in CentOS 7
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**10. If you get an error on PHP Date and Timezone, open php.ini configuration file, search and uncomment date.timezone statement, append your physical location and restart Apache daemon.**
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# nano /etc/php.ini
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Locate and change date.timezone line to look like this, using [PHP Supported Timezones list][5].
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date.timezone = Continent/City
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
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Set Timezone in PHP
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### Step 3: Install and Configure MariaDB Database ###
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**11. Red Hat Enterprise Linux/CentOS 7.0 switched from MySQL to MariaDB for its default database management system. To install MariaDB database use the following command.**
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# yum install mariadb-server mariadb
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
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在CentOS 7中安装PHP
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***12. 安装MariaDB后,开启数据库守护进程并使用mysql_secure_installation脚本来保护数据库(设置root密码、禁止远程root登录、移除测试数据库、移除匿名用户)**
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# systemctl start mariadb
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# mysql_secure_installation
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
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启动MariaDB数据库
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
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MySQL安全设置
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**13. 要测试数据库功能,使用root账户登录MariaDB并用quit退出。**
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mysql -u root -p
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MariaDB > SHOW VARIABLES;
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MariaDB > quit
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
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连接MySQL数据库
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### 第四步: 安装PhpMyAdmin ###
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**14. RHEL 7.0 或者 CentOS 7.0仓库默认没有提供PhpMyAdmin二进制安装包。如果你不适应使用MySQL命令行来管理你的数据库,你可以通过下面的命令启用CentOS 7.0 rpmforge仓库来安装PhpMyAdmin。**
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# yum install http://pkgs.repoforge.org/rpmforge-release/rpmforge-release-0.5.3-1.el7.rf.x86_64.rpm
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启用rpmforge仓库后,下面安装PhpMyAdmin。
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# yum install phpmyadmin
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
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启用RPMForge仓库
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**15. 下面配置PhpMyAdmin的phpmyadmin.conf来允许远程连接,它位于Apache conf.d目录下,并注释掉下面的行。**
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# nano /etc/httpd/conf.d/phpmyadmin.conf
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使用#来注释掉行。
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# Order Deny,Allow
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# Deny from all
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# Allow from 127.0.0.1
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
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允许远程PhpMyAdmin访问
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**16. 要使用cookie验证来登录PhpMyAdmin,像下面的截图那样使用[生成字符串][6]添加一个blowfish字符串到config.inc.php文件下,重启apache服务并打开URL:http://server_IP/phpmyadmin/。**
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# nano /etc/httpd/conf.d/phpmyadmin.conf
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# systemctl restart httpd
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
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在PhpMyAdmin中添加Blowfish
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
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PhpMyAdmin面板
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### 第五步: 系统范围启用LAMP ###
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**17. 如果你需要在重启后自动运行MariaDB和Apache服务,你需要系统级地启用它们。**
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# systemctl enable mariadb
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# systemctl enable httpd
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
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系统级启用服务
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这就是在Red Hat Enterprise 7.0或者CentOS 7.0中安装LAMP的过程。CentOS/RHEL 7.0上关于LAMP洗系列文章将会讨论在Apache中创建虚拟主机,生成SSL证书、密钥和添加SSL事物支持。
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://www.tecmint.com/install-lamp-in-centos-7/
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作者:[Matei Cezar][a]
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译者:[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
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校对:[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译,[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:http://www.tecmint.com/author/cezarmatei/
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[1]:http://www.tecmint.com/redhat-enterprise-linux-7-installation/
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[2]:http://www.tecmint.com/enable-redhat-subscription-reposiories-and-updates-for-rhel-7/
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[3]:http://www.tecmint.com/centos-7-installation/
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[4]:http://www.tecmint.com/configure-network-interface-in-rhel-centos-7-0/
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[5]:http://php.net/manual/en/timezones.php
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[6]:http://www.question-defense.com/tools/phpmyadmin-blowfish-secret-generator
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