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70 lines
1.9 KiB
Markdown
Linux终端：用cat命令查看不可见字符
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时常，某个程序或软件并没有语法错误，并且你检查它的相关内容也确实没有发现问题。这是因为你用普通文本编辑器软件来查看的时候，有许多字符没有显示出来，但在终端使用cat命令可以很容易地检测出是否存在这些字符。
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首先，我们创建一个简单的文本文件，写入一些特殊字符。打开终端，运行命令：
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printf 'testing\012\011\011testing\014\010\012more testing\012\011\000\013\000even more testing\012\011\011\011\012' > /tmp/testing.txt
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现在用不同的编辑器软件打开，显示的结果会不同。用简单的cat打开将显示：
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$ cat /tmp/testing.txt
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testing
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testing
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more testing
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even more testing
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如果用nano或者vim打开，将会看到：
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testing
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testing^L^H
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more testing
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^@^K^@even more testing
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现在我们给cat加上一些选项参数，以便能显示出特殊字符来。
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###用cat -T命令来显示TAB键的字符\^I
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cat -T /tmp/testing.txt
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testing
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^I^Itesting
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more testing
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^I
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even more testing
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^I^I^I
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###用cat -E命令来显示行尾的结束字符$
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$ cat -E /tmp/testing.txt
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testing$
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testing
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$
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more testing$
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even more testing$
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$
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###用简单的cat -A命令就可以显示所有不可见的字符：
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$ cat -A /tmp/testing.txt
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testing$
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^I^Itesting^L^H$
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more testing$
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^I^@^K^@even more testing$
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^I^I^I$
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---
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via: http://linuxaria.com/pills/linux-terminal-seeing-the-unseen-characters-with-cat?lang=en#more-7645
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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译者：[runningwater](https://github.com/runningwater) 校对：[Caroline](https://github.com/carolinewuyan)
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