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Linux 基础命令 – watch
linux系统里有一些日志文件。观察这些日志文件是系统管理员的一个重要任务。你可以很方便地使用tail命令观察它们。但是如果你想要长时间监视这些文件,每几分钟使用tail检查那些日志文件是一件很乏味的事情。你可以写一个短小的无限循环的脚本来周期性地检查文件,但其实已经有一个程序可以为你处理这种重复的任务。
Linux watch 命令
Linux中的watch 命令提供了一种方式处理重复的任务。默认watch会每2秒重复执行命令。你一定也想到了,watch是一个很好的观察log文件的工具。下面是一个例子。
watch tail /var/log/syslog
想要停止命令的执行,只要使用标准的kill流程, [Ctrl]+C。
你可以使用**-n**开关改变并指定时间间隔。要想每10秒检测日志文件,试试这个。
watch -n 10 tail /var/log/syslog
带有管道的watch命令
watch并不仅限于浏览日志文件。它可以用来重复你给它的任何命令。如果你要监测CPU的温度,你可以使用watch后跟上sensord命令来查看。
watch -n 1 sensors
我电脑上的输出看上去就像这样:
acpitz-virtual-0
Adapter: Virtual device
temp1: +45.0°C (crit = +100.0°C)
我想过滤一下这个输出来只显示温度而不显示其他的。
我可以使用这个命令来查看
sensors | grep temp | awk '{ print $2 }'
记住,watch命令会重复它后面的第一个命令。必须要注意命令后面跟上管道的情况。你可以将你的命令放在引号里面来管理。
watch -n1 "sensors | grep temp | awk '{ print $2 }'"
将watch作为时钟
就像你现在已经注意到的,watch执行后会在你的终端的右上角显示时间。我们可以通过传给watch一个空的命令参数来把它作为一个简单的时钟。 我们可以将一个空格包含在引号中来作为一个空的参数。
watch -n 1 " "
如你所见,这给予这个命令另外一个意义,手表(watch)。你可以把它作为你的腕表。
现在你知道如何使用Linux的watch命令。你要用它处理什么重复任务?