TranslateProject/published/201509/20150909 Linux Server See the Historical and Statistical Uptime of System With tuptime Utility.md
2015-10-02 00:15:23 +08:00

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使用 tuptime 工具查看 Linux 服务器系统的开机时间的历史和统计

你可以使用下面的工具来查看 Linux 或类 Unix 系统运行了多长时间:

  • uptime 告诉你服务器运行了多长的时间。
  • lastt 显示重启和关机时间。
  • tuptime 报告系统的运行时间历史和运行时间统计,这是指重启之间的运行时间。和 uptime 命令类似,不过输出结果更有意思。

找出系统上次重启时间和日期

可以使用下面的命令来获取Linux操作系统的上次重启和关机时间及日期在OSX/类Unix系统上也可以用

### 显示系统重启和关机时间
who -b
last reboot
last shutdown
### 开机信息
uptime
cat /proc/uptime
awk '{ print "up " $1 /60 " minutes"}' /proc/uptime
w

样例输出:

Fig.01: Various Linux commands in action to find out the server uptime

图01用于找出服务器开机时间的多个Linux命令

###跟 tuptime 问打个招呼吧###

tuptime 命令行工具可以报告基于 Linux 的系统上的下列信息:

  1. 系统启动次数统计
  2. 注册首次启动时间(也就是安装时间)
  3. 正常关机和意外关机统计
  4. 平均开机时间和故障停机时间
  5. 当前开机时间
  6. 首次启动以来的开机和故障停机率
  7. 累积系统开机时间、故障停机时间和合计
  8. 报告每次启动、开机时间、关机和故障停机时间

安装

输入下面的命令来克隆 git 仓库到 Linux 系统中

$ cd /tmp
$ git clone https://github.com/rfrail3/tuptime.git
$ ls
$ cd tuptime
$ ls

样例输出:

Fig.02: Cloning a git repo

图02克隆git仓库

确保你安装了带有 sysoptparseosrestringsqlite3datetimedisutils 和 locale 模块的 Python v2.7。

你可以像下面这样来安装:

$ sudo tuptime-install.sh

或者,可以手工安装(基于 systemd 或非 systemd

$ sudo cp /tmp/tuptime/latest/cron.d/tuptime /etc/cron.d/tuptime

如果系统是systemd的拷贝服务文件并启用

$ sudo cp /tmp/tuptime/latest/systemd/tuptime.service /lib/systemd/system/
$ sudo systemctl enable tuptime.service

如果系统不是systemd的拷贝初始化文件

$ sudo cp /tmp/tuptime/latest/init.d/tuptime.init.d-debian7 /etc/init.d/tuptime
$ sudo update-rc.d tuptime defaults

####运行####

只需输入以下命令:

$ sudo tuptime

样例输出:

Fig.03: tuptime in action

图03tuptime工作中

在一次更新内核后,我重启了系统,然后再次输入了同样的命令:

$ sudo tuptime
System startups:	2   since   03:52:16 PM 08/21/2015
System shutdowns:	1 ok   -   0 bad
Average uptime: 	7 days, 16 hours, 48 minutes and 3 seconds
Average downtime: 	2 hours, 30 minutes and 5 seconds
Current uptime: 	5 minutes and 28 seconds   since   06:23:06 AM 09/06/2015
Uptime rate: 		98.66 %
Downtime rate: 		1.34 %
System uptime: 		15 days, 9 hours, 36 minutes and 7 seconds
System downtime: 	5 hours, 0 minutes and 11 seconds
System life: 		15 days, 14 hours, 36 minutes and 18 seconds

你可以像下面这样修改日期和时间格式:

$ sudo tuptime -d '%H:%M:%S %m-%d-%Y'

样例输出:

System startups:	1   since   15:52:16 08-21-2015
System shutdowns:	0 ok   -   0 bad
Average uptime: 	15 days, 9 hours, 21 minutes and 19 seconds
Average downtime: 	0 seconds
Current uptime: 	15 days, 9 hours, 21 minutes and 19 seconds   since   15:52:16 08-21-2015
Uptime rate: 		100.0 %
Downtime rate: 		0.0 %
System uptime: 		15 days, 9 hours, 21 minutes and 19 seconds
System downtime: 	0 seconds
System life: 		15 days, 9 hours, 21 minutes and 19 seconds

计算每次启动、开机时间、关机和故障停机时间:

$ sudo tuptime -e

样例输出:

Startup:  1  at  03:52:16 PM 08/21/2015
Uptime:   15 days, 9 hours, 22 minutes and 33 seconds
 
System startups:	1   since   03:52:16 PM 08/21/2015
System shutdowns:	0 ok   -   0 bad
Average uptime: 	15 days, 9 hours, 22 minutes and 33 seconds
Average downtime: 	0 seconds
Current uptime: 	15 days, 9 hours, 22 minutes and 33 seconds   since   03:52:16 PM 08/21/2015
Uptime rate: 		100.0 %
Downtime rate: 		0.0 %
System uptime: 		15 days, 9 hours, 22 minutes and 33 seconds
System downtime: 	0 seconds
System life: 		15 days, 9 hours, 22 minutes and 33 seconds

via: http://www.cyberciti.biz/hardware/howto-see-historical-statistical-uptime-on-linux-server/

作者Vivek Gite 译者:GOLinux 校对:wxy

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