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143 lines
5.2 KiB
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143 lines
5.2 KiB
Markdown
翻译中-byzky001
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Compiling Vim from source is actually not that difficult.
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Here's what you should do:
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1. First, install all the prerequisite libraries, including Git.
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For a Debian-like Linux distribution like Ubuntu,
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that would be the following:
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```sh
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sudo apt-get install libncurses5-dev libgnome2-dev libgnomeui-dev \
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libgtk2.0-dev libatk1.0-dev libbonoboui2-dev \
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libcairo2-dev libx11-dev libxpm-dev libxt-dev python-dev \
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python3-dev ruby-dev lua5.1 lua5.1-dev libperl-dev git
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```
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On Ubuntu 16.04, `liblua5.1-dev` is the lua dev package name not `lua5.1-dev`.
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(If you know what languages you'll be using, feel free to leave out
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packages you won't need, e.g. Python2 `python-dev` or Ruby `ruby-dev`.
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This principle heavily applies to the whole page.)
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For Fedora 20, that would be the following:
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```sh
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sudo yum install -y ruby ruby-devel lua lua-devel luajit \
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luajit-devel ctags git python python-devel \
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python3 python3-devel tcl-devel \
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perl perl-devel perl-ExtUtils-ParseXS \
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perl-ExtUtils-XSpp perl-ExtUtils-CBuilder \
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perl-ExtUtils-Embed
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```
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This step is needed to rectify an issue with how Fedora 20 installs XSubPP:
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```sh
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# symlink xsubpp (perl) from /usr/bin to the perl dir
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sudo ln -s /usr/bin/xsubpp /usr/share/perl5/ExtUtils/xsubpp
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```
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2. Remove vim if you have it already.
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```sh
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sudo apt-get remove vim vim-runtime gvim
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```
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On Ubuntu 12.04.2 you probably have to remove these packages as well:
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```sh
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sudo apt-get remove vim-tiny vim-common vim-gui-common vim-nox
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```
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3. Once everything is installed, getting the source is easy.
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Note: If you are using Python, your config directory might have
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a machine-specific name (e.g. `config-3.5m-x86_64-linux-gnu`).
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Check in /usr/lib/python[2/3/3.5] to find yours, and change
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the `python-config-dir` and/or `python3-config-dir` arguments accordingly.
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Add/remove the flags below to fit your setup. For example, you can leave out
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`enable-luainterp` if you don't plan on writing any Lua.
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Also, if you're not using vim 8.0,
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make sure to set the VIMRUNTIMEDIR variable correctly below
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(for instance, with vim 8.0a, use /usr/share/vim/vim80a).
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Keep in mind that some vim installations are located directly
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inside /usr/share/vim; adjust to fit your system:
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```sh
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cd ~
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git clone https://github.com/vim/vim.git
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cd vim
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./configure --with-features=huge \
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--enable-multibyte \
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--enable-rubyinterp=yes \
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--enable-pythoninterp=yes \
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--with-python-config-dir=/usr/lib/python2.7/config \
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--enable-python3interp=yes \
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--with-python3-config-dir=/usr/lib/python3.5/config \
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--enable-perlinterp=yes \
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--enable-luainterp=yes \
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--enable-gui=gtk2 --enable-cscope --prefix=/usr
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make VIMRUNTIMEDIR=/usr/share/vim/vim80
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```
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On Ubuntu 16.04, Python support was not working due to enabling both Python2 and Python3. Read [answer by chirinosky](http://stackoverflow.com/questions/23023783/vim-compiled-with-python-support-but-cant-see-sys-version) for workaround.
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If you want to be able to easily uninstall vim use `checkinstall`.
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```sh
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sudo apt-get install checkinstall
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cd ~/vim
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sudo checkinstall
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```
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Otherwise, you can use `make` to install.
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```sh
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cd ~/vim
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sudo make install
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```
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Set vim as your default editor with `update-alternatives`.
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```sh
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sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/editor editor /usr/bin/vim 1
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sudo update-alternatives --set editor /usr/bin/vim
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sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/vi vi /usr/bin/vim 1
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sudo update-alternatives --set vi /usr/bin/vim
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```
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4. Double check that you are in fact running the new Vim binary by looking at
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the output of `vim --version`.
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**If you don't get gvim working (on ubuntu 12.04.1 LTS), try changing
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`--enable-gui=gtk2` to `--enable-gui=gnome2`**
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If you have problems, double check that you `configure`d using the correct Python config
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directory, as noted at the beginning of Step 3.
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These `configure` and `make` calls assume a Debian-like distro where Vim's
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runtime files directory is placed in `/usr/share/vim/vim80/`,
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which is not Vim's default. Same thing goes for `--prefix=/usr` in the
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`configure` call. Those values may need to be different with a Linux
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distro that is not based on Debian. In such a case, try to remove the
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`--prefix` variable in the `configure` call and the `VIMRUNTIMEDIR` in the
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`make` call (in other words, go with the defaults).
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If you get stuck, here's some [other useful information on building Vim]
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(http://vim.wikia.com/wiki/Building_Vim).
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://www.dataquest.io/blog/data-science-portfolio-project/
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作者：[Val Markovic][a]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://github.com/Valloric
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