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239 lines
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239 lines
8.3 KiB
Markdown
[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: (An-DJ)
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[#]: reviewer: ( )
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[#]: publisher: ( )
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[#]: url: ( )
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[#]: subject: (How to Install MongoDB on Ubuntu)
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[#]: via: (https://itsfoss.com/install-mongodb-ubuntu)
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[#]: author: (Sergiu https://itsfoss.com/author/sergiu/)
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How to Install MongoDB on Ubuntu
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======
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**This tutorial presents two ways to install MongoDB on Ubuntu and Ubuntu-based Linux distributions.**
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[MongoDB][1] is an increasingly popular free and open-source NoSQL database that stores data in collections of JSON-like, flexible documents, in contrast to the usual table approach you’ll find in SQL databases.
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You are most likely to find MongoDB used in modern web applications. Its document model makes it very intuitive to access and handle with various programming languages.
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![mongodb Ubuntu][2]
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In this article, I’ll cover two ways you can install MongoDB on your Ubuntu system.
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### Installing MongoDB on Ubuntu based Distributions
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1. Install MongoDB using Ubuntu’s repository. Easy but not the latest version of MongoDB
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2. Install MongoDB using its official repository. Slightly complicated but you get the latest version of MongoDB.
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The first installation method is easier, but I recommend the second method if you plan on using the latest release with official support.
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Some people might prefer using snap packages. There are snaps available in the Ubuntu Software Center, but I wouldn’t recommend using them; they’re outdated at the moment and I won’t be covering that.
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#### Method 1. Install MongoDB from Ubuntu Repository
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This is the easy way to install MongoDB on your system, you only need to type in a simple command.
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##### Installing MongoDB
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First, make sure your packages are up-to-date. Open up a terminal and type:
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```
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sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y
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```
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Go ahead and install MongoDB with:
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```
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sudo apt install mongodb
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```
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That’s it! MongoDB is now installed on your machine.
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The MongoDB service should automatically be started on install, but to check the status type
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```
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sudo systemctl status mongodb
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```
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![Check if the MongoDB service is running.][3]
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You can see that the service is **active**.
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##### Running MongoDB
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MongoDB is currently a systemd service, so we’ll use **systemctl** to check and modify it’s state, using the following commands:
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```
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sudo systemctl status mongodb
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sudo systemctl stop mongodb
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sudo systemctl start mongodb
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sudo systemctl restart mongodb
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```
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You can also change if MongoDB automatically starts when the system starts up ( **default** : enabled):
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```
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sudo systemctl disable mongodb
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sudo systemctl enable mongodb
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```
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To start working with (creating and editing) databases, type:
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```
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mongo
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```
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This will start up the **mongo shell**. Please check out the [manual][4] for detailed information on the available queries and options.
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**Note:** Depending on how you plan to use MongoDB, you might need to adjust your Firewall. That’s unfortunately more involved than what I can cover here and depends on your configuration.
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##### Uninstall MongoDB
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If you installed MongoDB from the Ubuntu Repository and want to uninstall it (maybe to install using the officially supported way), type:
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```
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sudo systemctl stop mongodb
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sudo apt purge mongodb
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sudo apt autoremove
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```
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This should completely get rid of your MongoDB install. Make sure to **backup** any collections or documents you might want to keep since they will be wiped out!
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#### Method 2. Install MongoDB Community Edition on Ubuntu
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This is the way the recommended way to install MongoDB, using the package manager. You’ll have to type a few more commands and it might be intimidating if you are newer to the Linux world.
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But there’s nothing to be afraid of! We’ll go through the installation process step by step.
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##### Installing MongoDB
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The package maintained by MongoDB Inc. is called **mongodb-org** , not **mongodb** (this is the name of the package in the Ubuntu Repository). Make sure **mongodb** is not installed on your system before applying this steps. The packages will conflict. Let’s get to it!
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First, we’ll have to import the public key:
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```
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sudo apt-key adv --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com:80 --recv 9DA31620334BD75D9DCB49F368818C72E52529D4
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```
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Now, you need to add a new repository in your sources list so that you can install MongoDB Community Edition and also get automatic updates:
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```
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echo "deb [ arch=amd64 ] https://repo.mongodb.org/apt/ubuntu $(lsb_release -cs)/mongodb-org/4.0 multiverse" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mongodb-org-4.0.list
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```
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To be able to install **mongodb-org** , we’ll have to update our package database so that your system is aware of the new packages available:
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```
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sudo apt update
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```
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Now you can ether install the **latest stable version** of MongoDB:
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```
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sudo apt install -y mongodb-org
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```
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or a **specific version** (change the version number after **equal** sign)
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```
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sudo apt install -y mongodb-org=4.0.6 mongodb-org-server=4.0.6 mongodb-org-shell=4.0.6 mongodb-org-mongos=4.0.6 mongodb-org-tools=4.0.6
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```
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If you choose to install a specific version, make sure you change the version number everywhere. If you only change it in the **mongodb-org=4.0.6** part, the latest version will be installed.
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By default, when updating using the package manager ( **apt-get** ), MongoDB will be updated to the newest updated version. To stop that from happening (and freezing to the installed version), use:
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```
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echo "mongodb-org hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selections
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echo "mongodb-org-server hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selections
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echo "mongodb-org-shell hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selections
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echo "mongodb-org-mongos hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selections
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echo "mongodb-org-tools hold" | sudo dpkg --set-selections
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```
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You have now successfully installed MongoDB!
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##### Configuring MongoDB
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By default, the package manager will create **/var/lib/mongodb** and **/var/log/mongodb** and MongoDB will run using the **mongodb** user account.
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I won’t go into changing these default settings since that is beyond the scope of this guide. You can check out the [manual][5] for detailed information.
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The settings in **/etc/mongod.conf** are applied when starting/restarting the **mongodb** service instance.
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##### Running MongoDB
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To start the mongodb daemon **mongod** , type:
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```
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sudo service mongod start
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```
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Now you should verify that the **mongod** process started successfully. This information is stored (by default) at **/var/log/mongodb/mongod.log**. Let’s check the contents of that file:
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```
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sudo cat /var/log/mongodb/mongod.log
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```
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![Check MongoDB logs to see if the process is running properly.][6]
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As long as you get this: **[initandlisten] waiting for connections on port 27017** somewhere in there, the process is running properly.
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**Note: 27017** is the default port of **mongod.**
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To stop/restart **mongod** enter:
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```
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sudo service mongod stop
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sudo service mongod restart
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```
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Now, you can use MongoDB by opening the **mongo shell** :
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```
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mongo
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```
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##### Uninstall MongoDB
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Run the following commands
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```
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sudo service mongod stop
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sudo apt purge mongodb-org*
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```
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To remove the **databases** and **log files** (make sure to **backup** what you want to keep!):
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```
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sudo rm -r /var/log/mongodb
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sudo rm -r /var/lib/mongodb
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```
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**Wrapping Up**
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MongoDB is a great NoSQL database, easy to integrate into modern projects. I hope this tutorial helped you to set it up on your Ubuntu machine! Let us know how you plan on using MongoDB in the comments below.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://itsfoss.com/install-mongodb-ubuntu
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作者：[Sergiu][a]
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/sergiu/
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://www.mongodb.com/
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[2]: https://i1.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/mongodb-ubuntu.jpeg?resize=800%2C450&ssl=1
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[3]: https://i1.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/mongodb_check_status.jpg?fit=800%2C574&ssl=1
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[4]: https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/tutorial/getting-started/
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[5]: https://docs.mongodb.com/manual/
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[6]: https://i1.wp.com/itsfoss.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/mongodb_org_check_logs.jpg?fit=800%2C467&ssl=1
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