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109 lines
4.4 KiB
Markdown
Linux FAQs with Answers--How to create a MySQL database from the command line
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> **Question**: I have a MySQL server up and running somewhere. How can I create and populate a MySQL database from the command line?
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To create a MySQL database from the command line, you can use mysql CLI client. Here is a step-by-step procedure to create and populate a MySQL database using mysql client from the command line.
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### Step One: Install MySQL Client ###
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Of course you need to make sure that MySQL client program is installed. If not, you can install it as follows.
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On Debian, Ubuntu or Linux Mint:
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$ sudo apt-get install mysql-client
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On Fedora, CentOS or RHEL:
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$ sudo yum install mysql
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### Step Two: Log in to a MySQL Server ###
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To begin, first log in to your MySQL server as root with the following command:
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$ mysql -u root -h <mysql-server-ip-address> -p
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Note that to be able to log in to a remote MySQL server, you need to [enable remote access on the server][1]. If you are invoking mysql command on the same host where the MySQL server is running, you can omit "-h <mysql-server-ip-address>" as follows.
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$ mysql -u root -p
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You will be then asked for the password of the MySQL root user. If the authentication succeeds, the MySQL prompt will appear.
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### Step Three: Create a MySQL Database ###
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Before you start typing commands at the MySQL prompt, remember that each command must end with a semicolon (otherwise it will not execute). In addition, consider using uppercase letters for commands and lowercase letter for database objects. Note that this is not required but helpful for reading.
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Now, let's create a database named xmodulo_DB:
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mysql> CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS xmodulo_DB;
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### Step Four: Create a MySQL Table ###
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For a demonstration purpose, we will create a tabled called posts_tbl where we want to store the following information about posts:
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- Text of article
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- Author's first name
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- Author's last name
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- Whether the post is enabled (visible) or not
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- Date when article was posted
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This process is actually performed in two steps:
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First, select the database that we want to use:
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mysql> USE xmodulo_DB;
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Then create a new table in the database:
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mysql> CREATE TABLE 'posts_tbl' (
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'post_id' INT UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
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'content' TEXT,
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'author_FirstName' VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
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'author_LastName' VARCHAR(50) DEFAULT NULL ,
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'isEnabled' TINYINT(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT 1,
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'date' TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ,
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PRIMARY KEY ( 'post_id' )
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) TYPE = MYISAM;
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### Step Five: Create a User Account and Grant Permissions ###
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When it comes to accessing our newly created database and tables, it's a good idea to create a new user account, so it can access that database (and that database only) without full permissions to the whole MySQL server.
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You can create a new user, grant permissions and apply changes in two easy steps as follows:
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mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON xmodulo_DB.* TO 'new_user'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'new_password';
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mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
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where 'new_user' and 'new_password' refer to the new user account name and its password, respectively. This information will be stored in the mysql.user table, and the password will be encrypted.
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### Step Six: Testing ###
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Let's insert one dummy record to the posts_tbl table:
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mysql> USE xmodulo_DB;
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mysql> INSERT INTO posts_tbl (content, author_FirstName, author_LastName)
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VALUES ('Hi! This is some dummy text.', 'Gabriel', 'Canepa');
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Then view all the records in posts_tbl table:
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mysql> SELECT * FROM posts_tbl;
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Note that MySQL automatically inserted the proper default values in the fields where we defined them earlier (e.g., 'isEnabled' and 'date').
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://ask.xmodulo.com/create-mysql-database-command-line.html
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[1]:http://xmodulo.com/2012/06/how-to-allow-remote-access-to-mysql.html |