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123 lines
3.6 KiB
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123 lines
3.6 KiB
Markdown
How to print filename with awk on Linux / Unix
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======
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I would like to print filename with awk on Linux / Unix-like system. How do I print filename in BEGIN section of awk? Can I print the name of the current input file using gawk/awk?
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The name of the current input file set in FILENAME variable. You can use FILENAME to display or print current input file name If no files are specified on the command line, the value of FILENAME is “-” (stdin). However, FILENAME is undefined inside the BEGIN rule unless set by getline.
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### How to print filename with awk
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The syntax is:
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```
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awk '{ print FILENAME }' fileNameHere
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awk '{ print FILENAME }' /etc/hosts
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```
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You might see file name multiple times as awk read file line-by-line. To avoid this problem update your awk/gawk syntax as follows:
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```
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awk 'FNR == 1{ print FILENAME } ' /etc/passwd
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awk 'FNR == 1{ print FILENAME } ' /etc/hosts
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```
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### How to print filename in BEGIN section of awk
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Use the following syntax:
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```
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awk 'BEGIN{print ARGV[1]}' fileNameHere
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awk 'BEGIN{print ARGV[1]}{ print "someting or do something on data" }END{}' fileNameHere
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awk 'BEGIN{print ARGV[1]}' /etc/hosts
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```
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Sample outputs:
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```
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/etc/hosts
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```
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However, ARGV[1] might not always work. For example:
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`ls -l /etc/hosts | awk 'BEGIN{print ARGV[1]} { print }'`
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So you need to modify it as follows (assuming that ls -l only produced a single line of output):
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`ls -l /etc/hosts | awk '{ print "File: " $9 ", Owner:" $3 ", Group: " $4 }'`
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Sample outputs:
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```
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File: /etc/hosts, Owner:root, Group: roo
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```
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### How to deal with multiple filenames specified by a wild card
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Use the following simple syntax:
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```
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awk '{ print FILENAME; nextfile } ' *.c
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awk 'BEGIN{ print "Starting..."} { print FILENAME; nextfile }END{ print "....DONE"} ' *.conf
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```
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Sample outputs:
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```
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Starting...
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blkid.conf
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cryptconfig.conf
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dhclient6.conf
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dhclient.conf
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dracut.conf
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gai.conf
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gnome_defaults.conf
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host.conf
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idmapd.conf
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idnalias.conf
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idn.conf
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insserv.conf
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iscsid.conf
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krb5.conf
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ld.so.conf
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logrotate.conf
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mke2fs.conf
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mtools.conf
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netscsid.conf
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nfsmount.conf
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nscd.conf
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nsswitch.conf
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openct.conf
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opensc.conf
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request-key.conf
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resolv.conf
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rsyncd.conf
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sensors3.conf
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slp.conf
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smartd.conf
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sysctl.conf
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vconsole.conf
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warnquota.conf
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wodim.conf
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xattr.conf
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xinetd.conf
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yp.conf
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....DONE
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```
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nextfile tells awk to stop processing the current input file. The next input record read comes from the next input file. For more information see awk/[gawk][1] command man page:
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```
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man awk
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man gawk
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```
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### about the author
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The author is the creator of nixCraft and a seasoned sysadmin and a trainer for the Linux operating system/Unix shell scripting. He has worked with global clients and in various industries, including IT, education, defense and space research, and the nonprofit sector. Follow him on [Twitter][2], [Facebook][3], [Google+][4]. Get the **latest tutorials on SysAdmin, Linux/Unix and open source topics via[my RSS/XML feed][5]**.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/how-to-print-filename-with-awk-on-linux-unix/
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作者：Vivek GIte[][a]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:https://www.cyberciti.biz/
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[1]:https://www.gnu.org/software/gawk/manual/
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[2]:https://twitter.com/nixcraft
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[3]:https://facebook.com/nixcraft
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[4]:https://plus.google.com/+CybercitiBiz
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[5]:https://www.cyberciti.biz/atom/atom.xml
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