5.5 KiB
Linux Check IDE / SATA SSD Hard Disk Transfer Speed
So how do you find out how fast is your hard disk under Linux? Is it running at the SATA I (150 MB/s) or SATA II (300 MB/s) or SATA III (6.0Gb/s) speed without opening computer case or chassis?
You can use the hdparm or dd command to check hard disk speed. It provides a command line interface to various hard disk ioctls supported by the stock Linux ATA/IDE/SATA device driver subsystem. Some options may work correctly only with the latest kernels (make sure you have cutting edge kernel installed). I also recommend compiling hdparm with the included files from the most recent kernel source code.
How to measure hard disk data transfer speed using hdparm
Login as the root user and enter the following command:
$ sudo hdparm -tT /dev/sda
OR
$ sudo hdparm -tT /dev/hda
Sample outputs:
/dev/sda:
Timing cached reads: 7864 MB in 2.00 seconds = 3935.41 MB/sec
Timing buffered disk reads: 204 MB in 3.00 seconds = 67.98 MB/sec
For meaningful results, this operation should be repeated 2-3 times. This displays the speed of reading directly from the Linux buffer cache without disk access. This measurement is essentially an indication of the throughput of the processor, cache, and memory of the system under test. Here is a for loop example, to run test 3 time in a row:
for i in 1 2 3; do hdparm -tT /dev/hda; done
Where,
- -t :perform device read timings
- -T : perform cache read timings
- /dev/sda : Hard disk device file
To find out SATA hard disk link speed, enter:
sudo hdparm -I /dev/sda | grep -i speed
Output:
* Gen1 signaling speed (1.5Gb/s)
* Gen2 signaling speed (3.0Gb/s)
* Gen3 signaling speed (6.0Gb/s)
Above output indicate that my hard disk can use 1.5Gb/s, 3.0Gb/s, or 6.0Gb/s speed. Please note that your BIOS / Motherboard must have support for SATA-II/III:
$ dmesg | grep -i sata | grep 'link up'
dd Command
You can use the dd command as follows to get speed info too:
dd if=/dev/zero of=/tmp/output.img bs=8k count=256k
rm /tmp/output.img
Sample outputs:
262144+0 records in
262144+0 records out
2147483648 bytes (2.1 GB) copied, 23.6472 seconds, **90.8 MB/s**
The recommended syntax for the dd command is as follows
dd if=/dev/input.file of=/path/to/output.file bs=block-size count=number-of-blocks oflag=dsync
## GNU dd syntax ##
dd if=/dev/zero of=/tmp/test1.img bs=1G count=1 oflag=dsync
## OR alternate syntax for GNU/dd ##
dd if=/dev/zero of=/tmp/testALT.img bs=1G count=1 conv=fdatasync
Sample outputs from the last dd command:
1+0 records in
1+0 records out
1073741824 bytes (1.1 GB, 1.0 GiB) copied, 4.23889 s, 253 MB/s
Disks & storage - GUI tool
You can also use disk utility located at System > Administration > Disk utility menu. Please note that in latest version of Gnome it is simply called Disks.
How do I test the performance of my hard disk using Disks on Linux?
To test the speed of your hard disk:
- Open Disks from the Activities overview (press the Super key on your keyboard and type Disks)
- Choose the disk from the list in the left pane
- Select the menu button and select Benchmark disk … from the menu
- Click Start Benchmark … and adjust the Transfer Rate and Access Time parameters as desired.
- Choose Start Benchmarking to test how fast data can be read from the disk. Administrative privileges required. Enter your password
A quick video demo of above procedure:
https://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/wp-content/uploads/2007/10/disks-performance.mp4
Read Only Benchmark (Safe option)
Then, select > Read only:
The above option will not destroy any data.
Read and Write Benchmark (All data will be lost so be careful)
Visit System > Administration > Disk utility menu > Click Benchmark > Click Start Read/Write Benchmark button:
About the author
The author is the creator of nixCraft and a seasoned sysadmin and a trainer for the Linux operating system/Unix shell scripting. He has worked with global clients and in various industries, including IT, education, defense and space research, and the nonprofit sector. Follow him on Twitter, Facebook, Google+.
via: https://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/how-fast-is-linux-sata-hard-disk.html
作者：Vivek Gite 译者：译者ID 校对：校对者ID