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187 lines
5.9 KiB
Markdown
[#]: subject: "Using cd Command in Linux"
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[#]: via: "https://itsfoss.com/cd-command/"
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[#]: author: "Abhishek Prakash https://itsfoss.com/author/abhishek/"
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[#]: collector: "lkxed"
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[#]: translator: "geekpi"
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[#]: reviewer: " "
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[#]: publisher: " "
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[#]: url: " "
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Using cd Command in Linux
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======
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The cd command in Linux is used for changing directories. cd is actually short for change directories.
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It's one of the [essential Linux commands][1] that you must know.
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Using the cd command is quite simple:
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```
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cd path_to_directory
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```
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It cannot go any simple than this, can it?
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However, it's the path part that you should understand to easily travel through the [filesystem][2] without getting confused.
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Here's a quick recall of absolute and relative paths.
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![Absolute vs relative path in Linux][3]
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Let's see some examples of using the cd command.
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### Use absolute path to change the directory
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It will be easier to understand visually. Look at the image below.
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![Absolute path travel to the python directory][4]
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My current location is my home directory (`/home/abhishek`) and I have to go to the `python` directory inside the `scripts` directory.
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Let's say I want to use the absolute path. The absolute path to the pyth`/home/abhishek/scripts/python`.
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```
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cd /home/abhishek/scripts/python
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```
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![cd command with absolute path][5]
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### Use relative path to change directories
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Let's take the same example but this time, I'll take the relative path.
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![Relative path example][6]
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The relative path to the `python` directory from my home directory is `scripts/python`. Let's use this:
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```
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cd scripts/python
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```
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![cd command with relative path][7]
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### Go up the directory
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So far, you are going down the 'flow'. What if you have to go up a directory?
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Let's say, you are in `/home/abhishek/scripts/python` and you have to up a directory to `scripts`?.
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![][8]
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Using the absolute path is always an option but it is quite lengthy. Instead, you can use the special directory notation `..`. The double dots (..) mean parent directory or up a directory. Single dot (.) means the current directory.
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```
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cd ..
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```
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Here's an example:
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![cd up a directory][9]
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You can use the `..` to travel up the path in the Linux filesystem hierarchy.
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Suppose I am in the `python` directory in the above image and want to go to the `code` directory. Here's what I could do:
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```
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cd ../../code
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```
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![Go up the directory using cd command][10]
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### Go to the home directory
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If you feel lost in all these directory travels and want to go back home, there are so many simple shortcuts.
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In fact, the simplest of them is to use the cd command without any option.
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```
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cd
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```
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That will take you back to your home directory from anywhere on the filesystem.
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Alternatively, you can use the `~` notation which means home directory.
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```
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cd ~
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```
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![Use cd to go back home][11]
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### Go to the root directory
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Though you won't use it as often as the previous one, it is still good to know.
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If you want to go back to the root directory from where the filesystem begins, use this:
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```
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cd /
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```
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There is no 'magic' involved here. `/` denotes root when used at the beginning of a path. Don't confuse it with path separators.
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![Paths in Linux][12]
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### Switch back to the previous directory
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This is a lifesaver or should I say timesaver. When you are deep inside a directory structure and then go to another directory and then you feel the need to go back to the previous location, this shortcut helps.
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```
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cd -
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```
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Not clear yet? Let me show an example.
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I am in the location `/etc/apt/sources.list.d`. From here, I go to `/home/abhishek/scripts/python` to work on my code. And then I realized that I have to check something again in `/etc/apt/sources.list.d` directory.
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The usual approach would be to do this which makes me type all the path again:
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![Go back to previous directory][13]
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But the smart approach is to use this:
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![Use cd - to go back to previous directory][14]
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See, no need to type the lengthy path again. Works wonder!
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### 🏋️ Exercise time
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If you want to practice the cd command, here's a little practice exercise for you.
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- Open a terminal and go to the `/var/log` directory. [Check the directory contents][15]. What do you see?
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- Now, go to `/var` directory. This is up a directory.
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- From here, go back to your home directory.
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And that's good enough content for you to get familiar with the cd command. Here are some other important commands you should know about.
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Let me know if you have questions or suggestions.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://itsfoss.com/cd-command/
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作者：[Abhishek Prakash][a]
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选题：[lkxed][b]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://itsfoss.com/author/abhishek/
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[b]: https://github.com/lkxed/
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[1]: https://itsfoss.com/essential-ubuntu-commands/
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[2]: https://linuxhandbook.com:443/linux-directory-structure/
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[3]: https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2021/04/absolute-vs-relative-path-linux.png
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[4]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/absolute-path-cd-1.png
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[5]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/cd-absolute-path.png
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[6]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/absolute-path-cd-2.png
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[7]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/cd-relative-path.png
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[8]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/relative-path-cd.png
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[9]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/cd-up-directory.png
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[10]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/go-up-directory-cd-command.png
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[11]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/cd-go-back-home.png
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[12]: https://linuxhandbook.com/content/images/2021/04/path-linux.png
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[13]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/cd-previous-directory.png
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[14]: https://itsfoss.com/content/images/2023/06/use-cd-shortcut-to-previous-directory-1.png
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[15]: https://itsfoss.com/list-directory-content/
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