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@heguangzhi https://linux.cn/article-11394-1.html
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463 lines
16 KiB
Markdown
[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: (heguangzhi)
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[#]: reviewer: (wxy)
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[#]: publisher: (wxy)
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[#]: url: (https://linux.cn/article-11394-1.html)
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[#]: subject: (How to Setup Multi Node Elastic Stack Cluster on RHEL 8 / CentOS 8)
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[#]: via: (https://www.linuxtechi.com/setup-multinode-elastic-stack-cluster-rhel8-centos8/)
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[#]: author: (Pradeep Kumar https://www.linuxtechi.com/author/pradeep/)
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如何在 RHEL8 /CentOS8 上建立多节点 Elastic stack 集群
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======
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Elastic stack 俗称 ELK stack,是一组包括 Elasticsearch、Logstash 和 Kibana 在内的开源产品。Elastic Stack 由 Elastic 公司开发和维护。使用 Elastic stack,可以将系统日志发送到 Logstash,它是一个数据收集引擎,接受来自可能任何来源的日志或数据,并对日志进行归一化,然后将日志转发到 Elasticsearch,用于分析、索引、搜索和存储,最后使用 Kibana 表示为可视化数据,使用 Kibana,我们还可以基于用户的查询创建交互式图表。
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![Elastic-Stack-Cluster-RHEL8-CentOS8][2]
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在本文中,我们将演示如何在 RHEL 8 / CentOS 8 服务器上设置多节点 elastic stack 集群。以下是我的 Elastic Stack 集群的详细信息:
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**Elasticsearch:**
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* 三台服务器,最小化安装 RHEL 8 / CentOS 8
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* IP & 主机名 – 192.168.56.40(`elasticsearch1.linuxtechi.local`)、192.168.56.50 (`elasticsearch2.linuxtechi.local`)、192.168.56.60(elasticsearch3.linuxtechi.local`)
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Logstash:**
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* 两台服务器,最小化安装 RHEL 8 / CentOS 8
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* IP & 主机 – 192.168.56.20(`logstash1.linuxtechi.local`)、192.168.56.30(`logstash2.linuxtechi.local`)
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**Kibana:**
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* 一台服务器,最小化安装 RHEL 8 / CentOS 8
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* IP & 主机名 – 192.168.56.10(`kibana.linuxtechi.local`)
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**Filebeat:**
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* 一台服务器,最小化安装 CentOS 7
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* IP & 主机名 – 192.168.56.70(`web-server`)
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让我们从设置 Elasticsearch 集群开始,
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### 设置3个节点 Elasticsearch 集群
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正如我已经说过的,设置 Elasticsearch 集群的节点,登录到每个节点,设置主机名并配置 yum/dnf 库。
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使用命令 `hostnamectl` 设置各个节点上的主机名:
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```
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[root@linuxtechi ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname "elasticsearch1.linuxtechi. local"
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[root@linuxtechi ~]# exec bash
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[root@linuxtechi ~]#
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[root@linuxtechi ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname "elasticsearch2.linuxtechi. local"
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[root@linuxtechi ~]# exec bash
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[root@linuxtechi ~]#
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[root@linuxtechi ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname "elasticsearch3.linuxtechi. local"
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[root@linuxtechi ~]# exec bash
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[root@linuxtechi ~]#
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```
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对于 CentOS 8 系统,我们不需要配置任何操作系统包库,对于 RHEL 8 服务器,如果你有有效订阅,那么用红帽订阅以获得包存储库就可以了。如果你想为操作系统包配置本地 yum/dnf 存储库,请参考以下网址:
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- [如何使用 DVD 或 ISO 文件在 RHEL 8 服务器上设置本地 Yum / DNF 存储库][3]
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在所有节点上配置 Elasticsearch 包存储库,在 `/etc/yum.repo.d/` 文件夹下创建一个包含以下内容的 `elastic.repo` 文件:
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```
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~]# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/elastic.repo
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[elasticsearch-7.x]
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name=Elasticsearch repository for 7.x packages
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baseurl=https://artifacts.elastic.co/packages/7.x/yum
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gpgcheck=1
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gpgkey=https://artifacts.elastic.co/GPG-KEY-elasticsearch
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enabled=1
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autorefresh=1
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type=rpm-md
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```
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保存文件并退出。
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在所有三个节点上使用 `rpm` 命令导入 Elastic 公共签名密钥。
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```
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~]# rpm --import https://artifacts.elastic.co/GPG-KEY-elasticsearch
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```
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在所有三个节点的 `/etc/hosts` 文件中添加以下行:
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```
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192.168.56.40 elasticsearch1.linuxtechi.local
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192.168.56.50 elasticsearch2.linuxtechi.local
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192.168.56.60 elasticsearch3.linuxtechi.local
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```
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使用 `yum`/`dnf` 命令在所有三个节点上安装 Java:
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```
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[root@linuxtechi ~]# dnf install java-openjdk -y
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[root@linuxtechi ~]# dnf install java-openjdk -y
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[root@linuxtechi ~]# dnf install java-openjdk -y
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```
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使用 `yum`/`dnf` 命令在所有三个节点上安装 Elasticsearch:
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```
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[root@linuxtechi ~]# dnf install elasticsearch -y
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[root@linuxtechi ~]# dnf install elasticsearch -y
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[root@linuxtechi ~]# dnf install elasticsearch -y
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```
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**注意:** 如果操作系统防火墙已启用并在每个 Elasticsearch 节点中运行,则使用 `firewall-cmd` 命令允许以下端口开放:
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```
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~]# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=9300/tcp
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~]# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=9200/tcp
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~]# firewall-cmd --reload
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```
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配置 Elasticsearch, 在所有节点上编辑文件 `/etc/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.yml` 并加入以下内容:
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```
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~]# vim /etc/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.yml
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cluster.name: opn-cluster
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node.name: elasticsearch1.linuxtechi.local
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network.host: 192.168.56.40
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http.port: 9200
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discovery.seed_hosts: ["elasticsearch1.linuxtechi.local", "elasticsearch2.linuxtechi.local", "elasticsearch3.linuxtechi.local"]
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cluster.initial_master_nodes: ["elasticsearch1.linuxtechi.local", "elasticsearch2.linuxtechi.local", "elasticsearch3.linuxtechi.local"]
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```
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**注意:** 在每个节点上,在 `node.name` 中填写正确的主机名,在 `network.host` 中填写正确的 IP 地址,其他参数保持不变。
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现在使用 `systemctl` 命令在所有三个节点上启动并启用 Elasticsearch 服务:
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```
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~]# systemctl daemon-reload
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~]# systemctl enable elasticsearch.service
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~]# systemctl start elasticsearch.service
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```
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使用下面 `ss` 命令验证 elasticsearch 节点是否开始监听 9200 端口:
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```
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[root@linuxtechi ~]# ss -tunlp | grep 9200
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tcp LISTEN 0 128 [::ffff:192.168.56.40]:9200 *:* users:(("java",pid=2734,fd=256))
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[root@linuxtechi ~]#
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```
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使用以下 `curl` 命令验证 Elasticsearch 群集状态:
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```
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[root@linuxtechi ~]# curl http://elasticsearch1.linuxtechi.local:9200
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[root@linuxtechi ~]# curl -X GET http://elasticsearch2.linuxtechi.local:9200/_cluster/health?pretty
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```
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命令的输出如下所示:
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![Elasticsearch-cluster-status-rhel8][3]
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以上输出表明我们已经成功创建了 3 节点的 Elasticsearch 集群,集群的状态也是绿色的。
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**注意:** 如果你想修改 JVM 堆大小,那么你可以编辑了文件 `/etc/elasticsearch/jvm.options`,并根据你的环境更改以下参数:
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* `-Xms1g`
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* `-Xmx1g`
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现在让我们转到 Logstash 节点。
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### 安装和配置 Logstash
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在两个 Logstash 节点上执行以下步骤。
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登录到两个节点使用 `hostnamectl` 命令设置主机名:
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```
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[root@linuxtechi ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname "logstash1.linuxtechi.local"
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[root@linuxtechi ~]# exec bash
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[root@linuxtechi ~]#
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[root@linuxtechi ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname "logstash2.linuxtechi.local"
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[root@linuxtechi ~]# exec bash
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[root@linuxtechi ~]#
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```
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在两个 logstash 节点的 `/etc/hosts` 文件中添加以下条目:
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```
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~]# vi /etc/hosts
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192.168.56.40 elasticsearch1.linuxtechi.local
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192.168.56.50 elasticsearch2.linuxtechi.local
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192.168.56.60 elasticsearch3.linuxtechi.local
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```
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保存文件并退出。
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在两个节点上配置 Logstash 存储库,在文件夹 `/ete/yum.repo.d/` 下创建一个包含以下内容的文件 `logstash.repo`:
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```
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~]# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/logstash.repo
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[elasticsearch-7.x]
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name=Elasticsearch repository for 7.x packages
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baseurl=https://artifacts.elastic.co/packages/7.x/yum
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gpgcheck=1
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gpgkey=https://artifacts.elastic.co/GPG-KEY-elasticsearch
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enabled=1
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autorefresh=1
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type=rpm-md
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```
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保存并退出文件,运行 `rpm` 命令导入签名密钥:
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```
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~]# rpm --import https://artifacts.elastic.co/GPG-KEY-elasticsearch
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```
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使用 `yum`/`dnf` 命令在两个节点上安装 Java OpenJDK:
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```
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~]# dnf install java-openjdk -y
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```
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从两个节点运行 `yum`/`dnf` 命令来安装 logstash:
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```
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[root@linuxtechi ~]# dnf install logstash -y
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[root@linuxtechi ~]# dnf install logstash -y
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```
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现在配置 logstash,在两个 logstash 节点上执行以下步骤,创建一个 logstash 配置文件,首先我们在 `/etc/logstash/conf.d/` 下复制 logstash 示例文件:
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```
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# cd /etc/logstash/
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# cp logstash-sample.conf conf.d/logstash.conf
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```
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编辑配置文件并更新以下内容:
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```
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# vi conf.d/logstash.conf
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input {
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beats {
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port => 5044
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}
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}
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output {
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elasticsearch {
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hosts => ["http://elasticsearch1.linuxtechi.local:9200", "http://elasticsearch2.linuxtechi.local:9200", "http://elasticsearch3.linuxtechi.local:9200"]
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index => "%{[@metadata][beat]}-%{[@metadata][version]}-%{+YYYY.MM.dd}"
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#user => "elastic"
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#password => "changeme"
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}
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}
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```
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在 `output` 部分之下,在 `hosts` 参数中指定所有三个 Elasticsearch 节点的 FQDN,其他参数保持不变。
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使用 `firewall-cmd` 命令在操作系统防火墙中允许 logstash 端口 “5044”:
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```
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~ # firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=5044/tcp
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~ # firewall-cmd –reload
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```
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现在,在每个节点上运行以下 `systemctl` 命令,启动并启用 Logstash 服务:
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```
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~]# systemctl start logstash
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~]# systemctl eanble logstash
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```
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使用 `ss` 命令验证 logstash 服务是否开始监听 5044 端口:
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```
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[root@linuxtechi ~]# ss -tunlp | grep 5044
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tcp LISTEN 0 128 *:5044 *:* users:(("java",pid=2416,fd=96))
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[root@linuxtechi ~]#
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```
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以上输出表明 logstash 已成功安装和配置。让我们转到 Kibana 安装。
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### 安装和配置 Kibana
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登录 Kibana 节点,使用 `hostnamectl` 命令设置主机名:
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```
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[root@linuxtechi ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname "kibana.linuxtechi.local"
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[root@linuxtechi ~]# exec bash
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[root@linuxtechi ~]#
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```
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编辑 `/etc/hosts` 文件并添加以下行:
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```
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192.168.56.40 elasticsearch1.linuxtechi.local
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192.168.56.50 elasticsearch2.linuxtechi.local
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192.168.56.60 elasticsearch3.linuxtechi.local
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```
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使用以下命令设置 Kibana 存储库:
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```
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[root@linuxtechi ~]# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/kibana.repo
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[elasticsearch-7.x]
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name=Elasticsearch repository for 7.x packages
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baseurl=https://artifacts.elastic.co/packages/7.x/yum
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gpgcheck=1
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gpgkey=https://artifacts.elastic.co/GPG-KEY-elasticsearch
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enabled=1
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autorefresh=1
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type=rpm-md
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[root@linuxtechi ~]# rpm --import https://artifacts.elastic.co/GPG-KEY-elasticsearch
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```
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执行 `yum`/`dnf` 命令安装 kibana:
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```
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[root@linuxtechi ~]# yum install kibana -y
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```
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通过编辑 `/etc/kibana/kibana.yml` 文件,配置 Kibana:
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```
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[root@linuxtechi ~]# vim /etc/kibana/kibana.yml
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…………
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server.host: "kibana.linuxtechi.local"
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server.name: "kibana.linuxtechi.local"
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elasticsearch.hosts: ["http://elasticsearch1.linuxtechi.local:9200", "http://elasticsearch2.linuxtechi.local:9200", "http://elasticsearch3.linuxtechi.local:9200"]
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…………
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```
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启用并启动 kibana 服务:
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```
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[root@linuxtechi ~]# systemctl start kibana
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[root@linuxtechi ~]# systemctl enable kibana
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```
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在系统防火墙上允许 Kibana 端口 “5601”:
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```
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[root@linuxtechi ~]# firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=5601/tcp
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success
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[root@linuxtechi ~]# firewall-cmd --reload
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success
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[root@linuxtechi ~]#
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```
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使用以下 URL 访问 Kibana 界面:<http://kibana.linuxtechi.local:5601>
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![Kibana-Dashboard-rhel8][4]
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从面板上,我们可以检查 Elastic Stack 集群的状态。
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![Stack-Monitoring-Overview-RHEL8][5]
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这证明我们已经在 RHEL 8 /CentOS 8 上成功地安装并设置了多节点 Elastic Stack 集群。
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现在让我们通过 `filebeat` 从其他 Linux 服务器发送一些日志到 logstash 节点中,在我的例子中,我有一个 CentOS 7服务器,我将通过 `filebeat` 将该服务器的所有重要日志推送到 logstash。
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登录到 CentOS 7 服务器使用 yum/rpm 命令安装 filebeat 包:
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```
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[root@linuxtechi ~]# rpm -ivh https://artifacts.elastic.co/downloads/beats/filebeat/filebeat-7.3.1-x86_64.rpm
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Retrieving https://artifacts.elastic.co/downloads/beats/filebeat/filebeat-7.3.1-x86_64.rpm
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Preparing... ################################# [100%]
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Updating / installing...
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1:filebeat-7.3.1-1 ################################# [100%]
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[root@linuxtechi ~]#
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```
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编辑 `/etc/hosts` 文件并添加以下内容:
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```
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192.168.56.20 logstash1.linuxtechi.local
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192.168.56.30 logstash2.linuxtechi.local
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```
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现在配置 `filebeat`,以便它可以使用负载平衡技术向 logstash 节点发送日志,编辑文件 `/etc/filebeat/filebeat.yml`,并添加以下参数:
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在 `filebeat.inputs:` 部分将 `enabled: false` 更改为 `enabled: true`,并在 `paths` 参数下指定我们可以发送到 logstash 的日志文件的位置;注释掉 `output.elasticsearch` 和 `host` 参数;删除 `output.logstash:` 和 `hosts:` 的注释,并在 `hosts` 参数添加两个 logstash 节点,以及设置 `loadbalance: true`。
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```
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[root@linuxtechi ~]# vi /etc/filebeat/filebeat.yml
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filebeat.inputs:
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- type: log
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enabled: true
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paths:
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- /var/log/messages
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- /var/log/dmesg
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- /var/log/maillog
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- /var/log/boot.log
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#output.elasticsearch:
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# hosts: ["localhost:9200"]
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output.logstash:
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hosts: ["logstash1.linuxtechi.local:5044", "logstash2.linuxtechi.local:5044"]
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loadbalance: true
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```
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使用下面的 2 个 `systemctl` 命令 启动并启用 `filebeat` 服务:
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```
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[root@linuxtechi ~]# systemctl start filebeat
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[root@linuxtechi ~]# systemctl enable filebeat
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```
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现在转到 Kibana 用户界面,验证新索引是否可见。
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从左侧栏中选择管理选项,然后单击 Elasticsearch 下的索引管理:
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![Elasticsearch-index-management-Kibana][6]
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正如我们上面看到的,索引现在是可见的,让我们现在创建索引模型。
|
||
|
||
点击 Kibana 部分的 “Index Patterns”,它将提示我们创建一个新模型,点击 “Create Index Pattern” ,并将模式名称指定为 “filebeat”:
|
||
|
||
![Define-Index-Pattern-Kibana-RHEL8][7]
|
||
|
||
点击下一步。
|
||
|
||
选择 “Timestamp” 作为索引模型的时间过滤器,然后单击 “Create index pattern”:
|
||
|
||
![Time-Filter-Index-Pattern-Kibana-RHEL8][8]
|
||
|
||
![filebeat-index-pattern-overview-Kibana][9]
|
||
|
||
现在单击查看实时 filebeat 索引模型:
|
||
|
||
![Discover-Kibana-REHL8][10]
|
||
|
||
这表明 Filebeat 代理已配置成功,我们能够在 Kibana 仪表盘上看到实时日志。
|
||
|
||
以上就是本文的全部内容,对这些帮助你在 RHEL 8 / CentOS 8 系统上设置 Elastic Stack 集群的步骤,请不要犹豫分享你的反馈和意见。
|
||
|
||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
via: https://www.linuxtechi.com/setup-multinode-elastic-stack-cluster-rhel8-centos8/
|
||
|
||
作者:[Pradeep Kumar][a]
|
||
选题:[lujun9972][b]
|
||
译者:[heguangzhi](https://github.com/heguangzhi)
|
||
校对:[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
|
||
|
||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译,[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||
|
||
[a]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/author/pradeep/
|
||
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
|
||
[1]: data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7
|
||
[2]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Elastic-Stack-Cluster-RHEL8-CentOS8.jpg
|
||
[3]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Elasticsearch-cluster-status-rhel8.jpg
|
||
[4]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Kibana-Dashboard-rhel8.jpg
|
||
[5]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Stack-Monitoring-Overview-RHEL8.jpg
|
||
[6]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Elasticsearch-index-management-Kibana.jpg
|
||
[7]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Define-Index-Pattern-Kibana-RHEL8.jpg
|
||
[8]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Time-Filter-Index-Pattern-Kibana-RHEL8.jpg
|
||
[9]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/filebeat-index-pattern-overview-Kibana.jpg
|
||
[10]: https://www.linuxtechi.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/Discover-Kibana-REHL8.jpg
|