TranslateProject/published/201908/20190730 How to create a pull request in GitHub.md
Xingyu Wang 82357a3293 Chmod
2020-12-13 09:08:58 +08:00

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[#]: collector: "lujun9972"
[#]: translator: "furrybear"
[#]: reviewer: "wxy"
[#]: publisher: "wxy"
[#]: url: "https://linux.cn/article-11215-1.html"
[#]: subject: "How to create a pull request in GitHub"
[#]: via: "https://opensource.com/article/19/7/create-pull-request-github"
[#]: author: "Kedar Vijay Kulkarni https://opensource.com/users/kkulkarn"
如何在 Github 上创建一个拉取请求
======
> 学习如何复刻一个仓库,进行更改,并要求维护人员审查并合并它。
![a checklist for a team][1]
你知道如何使用 git 了,你有一个 [GitHub][2] 仓库并且可以向它推送。这一切都很好。但是你如何为他人的 GitHub 项目做出贡献? 这是我在学习 git 和 GitHub 之后想知道的。在本文中,我将解释如何<ruby>复刻<rt>fork</rt></ruby>一个 git 仓库、进行更改并提交一个<ruby>拉取请求<rt>pull request</rt></ruby>
当你想要在一个 GitHub 项目上工作时,第一步是复刻一个仓库。
![Forking a GitHub repo][3]
你可以使用[我的演示仓库][4]试一试。
当你在这个页面时,单击右上角的 “Fork”复刻按钮。这将在你的 GitHub 用户账户下创建我的演示仓库的一个新副本,其 URL 如下:
```
https://github.com/<你的用户名>/demo
```
这个副本包含了原始仓库中的所有代码、分支和提交。
接下来,打开你计算机上的终端并运行命令来<ruby>克隆<rt>clone</rt></ruby>仓库:
```
git clone https://github.com/<你的用户名>/demo
```
一旦仓库被克隆后,你需要做两件事:
1、通过发出命令创建一个新分支 `new_branch`
```
git checkout -b new_branch
```
2、使用以下命令为上游仓库创建一个新的<ruby>远程<rt>remote</rt></ruby>
```
git remote add upstream https://github.com/kedark3/demo
```
在这种情况下,“上游仓库”指的是你创建复刻来自的原始仓库。
现在你可以更改代码了。以下代码创建一个新分支,进行任意更改,并将其推送到 `new_branch` 分支:
```
$ git checkout -b new_branch
Switched to a new branch new_branch
$ echo “some test file” &gt; test
$ cat test
Some test file
$ git status
On branch new_branch
No commits yet
Untracked files:
  (use "git add &lt;file&gt;..." to include in what will be committed)
    test
nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use "git add" to track)
$ git add test
$ git commit -S -m "Adding a test file to new_branch"
[new_branch (root-commit) 4265ec8] Adding a test file to new_branch
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
 create mode 100644 test
$ git push -u origin new_branch
Enumerating objects: 3, done.
Counting objects: 100% (3/3), done.
Writing objects: 100% (3/3), 918 bytes | 918.00 KiB/s, done.
Total 3 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0)
Remote: Create a pull request for new_branch on GitHub by visiting:
Remote:   <http://github.com/example/Demo/pull/new/new\_branch>
Remote:
 * [new branch]         new_branch -&gt; new_branch
```
一旦你将更改推送到您的仓库后, “Compare & pull request”比较和拉取请求按钮将出现在GitHub。
![GitHub's Compare & Pull Request button][5]
单击它,你将进入此屏幕:
![GitHub's Open pull request button][6]
单击 “Create pull request”创建拉取请求按钮打开一个拉取请求。这将允许仓库的维护者们审查你的贡献。然后如果你的贡献是没问题的他们可以合并它或者他们可能会要求你做一些改变。
### 精简版
总之,如果您想为一个项目做出贡献,最简单的方法是:
1. 找到您想要贡献的项目
2. 复刻它
3. 将其克隆到你的本地系统
4. 建立一个新的分支
5. 进行你的更改
6. 将其推送回你的仓库
7. 单击 “Compare & pull request”比较和拉取请求按钮
8. 单击 “Create pull request”创建拉取请求以打开一个新的拉取请求
如果审阅者要求更改,请重复步骤 5 和 6为你的拉取请求添加更多提交。
快乐编码!
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
via: https://opensource.com/article/19/7/create-pull-request-github
作者:[Kedar Vijay Kulkarni][a]
选题:[lujun9972][b]
译者:[furrybear](https://github.com/furrybear)
校对:[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译,[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
[a]: https://opensource.com/users/kkulkarnhttps://opensource.com/users/fontanahttps://opensource.com/users/mhanwellhttps://opensource.com/users/mysentimentshttps://opensource.com/users/greg-p
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
[1]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/styles/image-full-size/public/lead-images/checklist_hands_team_collaboration.png?itok=u82QepPk "a checklist for a team"
[2]: https://github.com/
[3]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/forkrepo.png "Forking a GitHub repo"
[4]: https://github.com/kedark3/demo
[5]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/compare-and-pull-request-button.png "GitHub's Compare & Pull Request button"
[6]: https://opensource.com/sites/default/files/uploads/open-a-pull-request_crop.png "GitHub's Open pull request button"