7.2 KiB
Package a new Python module in 4 steps
The pyp2rpm command makes it possible to create an RPM package and automate the process.
Image by: WOCinTech Chat. Modified by Opensource.com. CC BY-SA 4.0
When you install an application, you're usually installing a package that contains the executable code for an application and important files such as documentation, icons, and so on. On Linux, applications are commonly packaged as RPM or DEB files, and users install them with the dnf or apt commands, depending on the Linux distribution. However, new Python modules are released virtually every day, so you could easily encounter a module that hasn't yet been packaged. And that's exactly why the pyp2rpm command exists.
Recently, I tried to install a module called python-concentration. It didn't go well:
$ sudo dnf install python-concentration
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No match for argument: python-concentration
Error: Unable to find a match: python-concentration
It’s a PyPi package, but it's not yet available as an RPM package. The good news is that you can build an RPM yourself with a relatively simple process using pyp2rpm.
You'll need two directories to get started:
$ mkdir rpmbuild
$ cd rpmbuild && mkdir SPECS
You'll also need to install pyp2rpm :
$ sudo dnf install pyp2rpm
1. Generate the spec file
The foundation of any RPM package is a file called the spec file. This file contains all the information about how to build the package, which dependencies it needs, the version of the application it provides, what files it installs, and more. When pointed to a Python module, pyp2rpm generates a spec file for it, which you can use to build an RPM.
Using python-concentration as an arbitrary example, here's how to generate a spec file:
$ pyp2rpm concentration > ~/rpmbuild/SPECS/concentration.spec
And here's the file it generates:
# Created by pyp2rpm-3.3.8
%global pypi_name concentration
%global pypi_version 1.1.5
Name: python-%{pypi_name}
Version: %{pypi_version}
Release: 1%{?dist}
Summary: Get work done when you need to, goof off when you don't
License: None
URL: None
Source0: %{pypi_source}
BuildArch: noarch
BuildRequires: python3-devel
BuildRequires: python3dist(setuptools)
%description
Concentration [ >= 2.6.1 with python3dist(hug) < 3~~)
Requires: python3dist(setuptools)
%description -n python3-%{pypi_name}
Concentration [.
$ cd ~/rpmbuild
$ spectool -g -R SPEC/concentration.spec
Downloading: https://files.pythonhosted.org/...concentration-1.1.5.tar.gz
6.0 KiB / 6.0 KiB [=====================================]
Downloaded: concentration-1.1.5.tar.gz
The -bs option stands for build source. This option gives you an src.rpm file, an all-purpose package that must be rebuilt for a specific architecture.
Build an installable RPM for your system:
$ rpmbuild –rebuild SRPMS/python-concentration-1.1.5-1.el9.src.rpm
error: Failed build dependencies:
python3-devel is needed by python-concentration-1.1.5-1.el9.noarch
It looks like this package requires the development libraries of Python. Install them to continue with the build. This time the build succeeds and renders a lot more output (which I abbreviate here for clarity):
$ sudo dnf install python3-devel -y
$ rpmbuild –rebuild SRPMS/python-concentration-1.1.5-1.el9.src.rpm
[...]
Executing(--clean): /bin/sh -e /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.TYA7l2
+ umask 022
+ cd /home/bogus/rpmbuild/BUILD
+ rm -rf concentration-1.1.5
+ RPM_EC=0
++ jobs -p
+ exit 0
Your RPM package has been built in the RPMS subdirectory. Install it as usual with dnf :
$ sudo dnf install RPMS/noarch/python3-concentration*rpm
Why not just use PyPi?
It's not absolutely necessary to make a Python module into an RPM. Installing a module with PyPi is also acceptable, but PyPi adds another package manager to your personal list of things to check and update. When you install an RPM using dnf, you have a complete listing of what you've installed on your system. Thanks to pyp2rpm, the process is quick, easy, and automatable.
via: https://opensource.com/article/22/6/package-python-module-rpm
作者：Sumantro Mukherjee 选题：lkxed 译者：译者ID 校对：校对者ID