TranslateProject/translated/tech/How to Setup Bind Chroot DNS Server on CentOS 7.0 VPS.md
2014-12-16 20:01:34 +08:00

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在CentOS7.0 VPS上搭建 Bind Chroot DNS 服务器

BINDBerkeley internet Name Daemon)也叫做NAMED是现今互联网上使用最为广泛的DNS 服务器程序。这篇文章将要讲述如何在 chroot jail chroot “监牢”所谓“监牢”就是指通过chroot机制来更改某个进程所能看到的根目录即将某进程限制在指定目录中保证该进程只能对该目录及其子目录的文件有所动作从而保证整个服务器的安全中运行 BIND这样它就无法访问文件系统中除“jail”以外的其它部分。例如在这篇文章中我会将BIND的运行根目录改为/var/named/chroot/。当然对于BIND来说这个目录就是/(根目录)。 “jail”监牢下同是一个软件机制其功能是使得某个程序无法访问规定区域之外的资源同样也为了增强安全性。Bind Chroot DNS 服务器的默认“jail”为/var/named/chroot。你可以按照下列步骤在CentOS 7.0 虚拟专用服务器VPS上部署 Bind Chroot DNS 服务器。

  1. 安装Bind Chroot DNS 服务器:

    [root@centos7 ~]# yum install bind-chroot bind -y

  2. 拷贝bind相关文件,准备bind chroot 环境

    [root@centos7 ~]# cp -R /usr/share/doc/bind-/sample/var/named/ /var/named/chroot/var/named/

  3. 在bind chroot 的目录中创建相关文件

    [root@centos7 ~]# touch /var/named/chroot/var/named/data/cache_dump.db

    [root@centos7 ~]# touch /var/named/chroot/var/named/data/named_stats.txt

    [root@centos7 ~]# touch /var/named/chroot/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt

    [root@centos7 ~]# touch /var/named/chroot/var/named/data/named.run

    [root@centos7 ~]# mkdir /var/named/chroot/var/named/dynamic

    [root@centos7 ~]# touch /var/named/chroot/var/named/dynamic/managed-keys.bind

  4. 将 Bind 锁定文件设置为可写:

    [root@centos7 ~]# chmod -R 777 /var/named/chroot/var/named/data [root@centos7 ~]# chmod -R 777 /var/named/chroot/var/named/dynamic

  5. 将 /etc/named.conf 拷贝到 bind chroot目录

    [root@centos7 ~]# cp -p /etc/named.conf /var/named/chroot/etc/named.conf

  6. 在/etc/named.conf中对 bind 进行配置。在文件尾添加 example.local 域信息:

    [root@centos7 ~]# vi /var/named/chroot/etc/named.conf

在 named.conf 中创建转发域Forward Zone与反向域Reverse Zone

..
..
zone "example.local" {
    type master;
    file "example.local.zone";
};

zone "0.168.192.in-addr.arpa" IN {
        type master;
        file "192.168.0.zone";
};
..
..

named.conf 完全配置

//
// named.conf
//
// 由Red Hat提供将 ISC BIND named(8) DNS服务器 
// 配置为暂存域名服务器 (用来做本地DNS解析).
//
// See /usr/share/doc/bind*/sample/ for example named configuration files.
//

options {
        listen-on port 53 { any; };
        listen-on-v6 port 53 { ::1; };
        directory       "/var/named";
        dump-file       "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db";
        statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt";
        memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt";
        allow-query     { any; };

        /*
         - 如果你要建立一个 授权域名服务器 服务器, 那么不要开启 recursion递归 功能。
         - 如果你要建立一个 递归 DNS 服务器, 那么需要开启recursion 功能。
         - 如果你的递归DNS服务器有公网IP地址, 你必须开启访问控制功能,
           只有那些合法用户才可以发询问. 如果不这么做的话,那么你的服
           服务就会受到DNS 放大攻击。实现BCP38将有效抵御这类攻击。
        */
        recursion yes;

        dnssec-enable yes;
        dnssec-validation yes;
        dnssec-lookaside auto;

        /* Path to ISC DLV key */
        bindkeys-file "/etc/named.iscdlv.key";

        managed-keys-directory "/var/named/dynamic";
    
        pid-file "/run/named/named.pid";
        session-keyfile "/run/named/session.key";
};

logging {
        channel default_debug {
                file "data/named.run";
                severity dynamic;
        };
};

zone "." IN {
        type hint;
        file "named.ca";
};

zone "example.local" {
    type master;
    file "example.local.zone";
};

zone "0.168.192.in-addr.arpa" IN {
        type master;
        file "192.168.0.zone";
};

include "/etc/named.rfc1912.zones";
include "/etc/named.root.key";
  1. 为 example.local 域名创建转发域与反向域文件

a)创建转发域

[root@centos7 ~]# vi /var/named/chroot/var/named/example.local.zone

添加如下内容并保存:

;
;       Addresses and other host information.
;
$TTL 86400
@       IN      SOA     example.local. hostmaster.example.local. (
                               2014101901      ; Serial
                               43200      ; Refresh
                               3600       ; Retry
                               3600000    ; Expire
                               2592000 )  ; Minimum

;       Define the nameservers and the mail servers

               IN      NS      ns1.example.local.
               IN      NS      ns2.example.local.
               IN      A       192.168.0.70
               IN      MX      10 mx.example.local.

centos7          IN      A       192.168.0.70
mx               IN      A       192.168.0.50
ns1              IN      A       192.168.0.70
ns2              IN      A       192.168.0.80

b)创建反向域

[root@centos7 ~]# vi /var/named/chroot/var/named/192.168.0.zone

;
;       Addresses and other host information.
;
$TTL 86400
@       IN      SOA     example.local. hostmaster.example.local. (
                               2014101901      ; Serial
                               43200      ; Refresh
                               3600       ; Retry
                               3600000    ; Expire
                               2592000 )  ; Minimum

0.168.192.in-addr.arpa. IN      NS      centos7.example.local.

70.0.168.192.in-addr.arpa. IN PTR mx.example.local.
70.0.168.192.in-addr.arpa. IN PTR ns1.example.local.
80.0.168.192.in-addr.arpa. IN PTR ns2.example.local.。开机自启动 bind-chroot 服务:

[root@centos7 ~]# /usr/libexec/setup-named-chroot.sh /var/named/chroot on
[root@centos7 ~]# systemctl stop named
[root@centos7 ~]# systemctl disable named
[root@centos7 ~]# systemctl start named-chroot
[root@centos7 ~]# systemctl enable named-chroot
ln -s '/usr/lib/systemd/system/named-chroot.service' '/etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/named-chroot.service'

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via: http://www.ehowstuff.com/how-to-setup-bind-chroot-dns-server-on-centos-7-0-vps/

作者:skytech 译者:SPccman 校对:校对者ID

本文由 LCTT 原创翻译,Linux中国 荣誉推出