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sources/tech/20210712 Use Docker Compose with Podman to Orchestrate Containers on Fedora.md
162 lines
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162 lines
7.4 KiB
Markdown
[#]: subject: (Use Docker Compose with Podman to Orchestrate Containers on Fedora)
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[#]: via: (https://fedoramagazine.org/use-docker-compose-with-podman-to-orchestrate-containers-on-fedora/)
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[#]: author: (Mehdi Haghgoo https://fedoramagazine.org/author/powergame/)
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[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: ( )
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[#]: reviewer: ( )
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[#]: publisher: ( )
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[#]: url: ( )
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Use Docker Compose with Podman to Orchestrate Containers on Fedora
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======
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![][1]
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Photo by [Jonas][2] on [Unsplash][3]
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Docker Compose is an open-source tool used by developers for orchestrating containers locally or in production. If you are new to containers, I suggest checking out the following links:
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* [Get Started with Docker][4]
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* [A Practical Introduction to Container Terminology][5]
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* [Using Pods with Podman on Fedora][6]
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* [Podman with Capabilities on Fedora][7]
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Podman, a powerful alternative to Docker CLI, has attracted a lot of developers recently. However, Podman users faced a challenge. Docker Compose was expected to work with Docker daemon only. So, Podman users had to use other alternatives to Docker Compose like using [Podman Compose][8] that runs services defined in the Compose file inside a Podman pod. (To learn more about Podman Compose, check out my article [Manage Containers on Fedora with Podman Compose][9] on [Fedora Magazine][10].) Another method was manually running different containers of an application and then generating a Kubernetes file with
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podman generate
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to be later re-run with
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podman play
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. (To learn more about this method, check out this [Moving from docker-compose to Podman pods][11] on [Red Hat][12].)
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### Podman and Docker Compose
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Both of the Docker Compose alternatives mentioned previously have their limitations. At the least they need you to know a little bit more than Container and Docker basics.The good news is that Podman has added [support for Docker Compose][13] since version 3.0 so you can now run your traditional docker-compose.yml files with Podman backend. Podman does this by setting up a UNIX socket for
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docker-compose
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to interact with, similar to the Docker daemon. In this article I will show you how to use Docker Compose both with rootful and rootless Podman.
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### Required Software
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Install the following packages on your system to run Docker Compose with Podman:
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* podman: Tool for managing containers
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* docker-compose: Tool for orchestrating containers
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* podman-docker: Installs a script named docker that emulates docker CLI using Podman. Also links Docker CLI man pages and podman.
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Install the above packages using dnf:
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```
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sudo dnf install -y podman podman-docker docker-compose
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```
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### Setting Up Podman Socket
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Set up the Podman socket in order for Docker Compose to work:
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```
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sudo systemctl enable podman.socket
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sudo systemctl start podman.socket
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sudo systemctl status podman.socket
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```
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This sets up a Unix socket in to communicate with Docker Compose and symlinks it to /var/run/docker.sock. To test if you can communicate with the socket, run the following curl command:
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```
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sudo curl -H "Content-Type: application/json" --unix-socket /var/run/docker.sock http://localhost/_ping
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```
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If the output from the above command is OK, it means your setup was successful.
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### Running A Sample Project with Docker Compose
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Now, you can start orchestrating your project by going to the project folder and running
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sudo docker-compose up
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. As an example, I will be using a docker-compose.yml from a sample WordPress project I created as a demo for this article. You can find it <https://github.com/djnotes/wp-compose-sample>. Clone the repository on your system and from within the directory, start docker-compose.
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```
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sudo docker-compose up
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```
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If everything goes well, you will see docker-compose bringing up the services defined in the compose YAML file. Access the new WordPress instance at <http://localhost:8080> after the containers are created. To stop the project, you can press Ctrl + C in the terminal where you executed _docker-compose up_. To remove the containers, execute
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```
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sudo docker-compose down
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```
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### Running Docker Compose with Rootless Podman
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The setup shown above uses Podman in root-ful mode. Notice the _sudo_ keyword preceding most of the commands used. Often you will not need to run your projects as root. So, having the option to run docker-compose as a regular user is pretty handy. As of [version 3.2.0][14], Podman supports Docker-Compose with rootless Podman. The setup, however, changes as follows:
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```
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systemctl --user enable podman.socket
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systemctl --user start podman.socket
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systemctl --user status podman.socket
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export DOCKER_HOST=///run/user/$UID/podman/podman.sock
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```
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Note that when starting the podman socket as non-root user, a user-level socket will be created at _/run/user/$UID/podman/podman.sock_, where _$UID_ refers is the non-root user’s user ID. We need to set the DOCKER_HOST environment variable to that socket so that Docker Compose can talk to the correct socket. You can add the environment variable to your ~/.bash_profile to make it persistent across system reboots. In root-ful mode, the socket is created in _/run/podman/podman.sock_ which is symlinked to _/var/run/docker.sock_ (the default socket expected by the docker-compose binary). So, we didn’t need to set DOCKER_HOST variable then.
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Now, in rootless mode, we can simply run the command
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```
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```
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docker-compose up
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```
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```
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without “sudo” in the project root folder. This will bring up our WordPress site running on Docker Compose with Podman backend.
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![WordPress instance running with Docker Compose with Podman backend][15]
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### Further Reading:
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* [][13][][16][Running Podman and Docker Compose, Red Hat][13]
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* [From Docker Compose to Kubernetes with Podman][17]
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* [Convert docker-compose Services to Pods with Podman][18]
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://fedoramagazine.org/use-docker-compose-with-podman-to-orchestrate-containers-on-fedora/
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作者：[Mehdi Haghgoo][a]
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://fedoramagazine.org/author/powergame/
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/docker-compose-w-podman-816x345.jpg
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[2]: https://unsplash.com/@jonason_b?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText
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[3]: https://unsplash.com/s/photos/docker-container?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=creditCopyText
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[4]: https://docs.docker.com/get-started
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[5]: https://developers.redhat.com/blog/2018/02/22/container-terminology-practical-introduction
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[6]: https://fedoramagazine.org/podman-pods-fedora-containers/
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[7]: https://fedoramagazine.org/podman-with-capabilities-on-fedora/
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[8]: http://github.com/containers/podman-compose
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[9]: https://fedoramagazine.org/manage-containers-with-podman-compose/
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[10]: https://fedoramagazine.org
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[11]: https://www.redhat.com/sysadmin/compose-podman-pods
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[12]: https://redhat.com
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[13]: https://www.redhat.com/sysadmin/podman-docker-compose
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[14]: https://github.com/containers/podman/releases/tag/v3.2.0
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[15]: https://fedoramagazine.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/Screenshot-from-2021-06-25-06-48-39.png
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[16]: tmp.Svb0n6PVdg
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[17]: https://www.redhat.com/sysadmin/compose-kubernetes-podman
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[18]: https://balagetech.com/convert-docker-compose-services-to-pods/
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