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162 lines
5.6 KiB
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162 lines
5.6 KiB
Markdown
在 CentOS/RHEL 上查找 yum 安裝的软件的位置
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======
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**我已经在 CentOS/RHEL 上[安装了 htop][1] 。现在想知道软件被安装在哪个位置。有没有简单的方法能找到 yum 软件包安装的目录呢？**
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[yum 命令][2] 是可交互的、基于 rpm 的 CentOS/RHEL 的开源软件包管理工具。它会帮助你自动地完成以下操作：
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1. 核心系统文件更新
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2. 软件包更新
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3. 安装新的软件包
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4. 删除旧的软件包
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5. 查找已安装和可用的软件包
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和 `yum` 相似的软件包管理工具有： [apt-get 命令][3] 和 [apt 命令][4]。
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### yum 安装软件包的位置
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处于演示的目的，我们以下列命令安装 `htop`：
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```
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# yum install htop
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```
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要列出名为 htop 的 yum 软件包安装的文件，运行下列 `rpm` 命令：
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```
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# rpm -q {packageNameHere}
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# rpm -ql htop
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```
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示例输出：
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```
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/usr/bin/htop
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/usr/share/doc/htop-2.0.2
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/usr/share/doc/htop-2.0.2/AUTHORS
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/usr/share/doc/htop-2.0.2/COPYING
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/usr/share/doc/htop-2.0.2/ChangeLog
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/usr/share/doc/htop-2.0.2/README
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/usr/share/man/man1/htop.1.gz
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/usr/share/pixmaps/htop.png
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```
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### 如何使用 repoquery 命令查看由 yum 软件包安装的文件位置
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首先使用 [yum 命令][2] 安装 yum-utils 软件包：
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```
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# yum install yum-utils
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```
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示例输出：
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```
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Resolving Dependencies
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--> Running transaction check
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---> Package yum-utils.noarch 0:1.1.31-42.el7 will be installed
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--> Processing Dependency: python-kitchen for package: yum-utils-1.1.31-42.el7.noarch
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--> Processing Dependency: libxml2-python for package: yum-utils-1.1.31-42.el7.noarch
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--> Running transaction check
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---> Package libxml2-python.x86_64 0:2.9.1-6.el7_2.3 will be installed
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---> Package python-kitchen.noarch 0:1.1.1-5.el7 will be installed
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--> Finished Dependency Resolution
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Dependencies Resolved
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=======================================================================================
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Package Arch Version Repository Size
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=======================================================================================
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Installing:
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yum-utils noarch 1.1.31-42.el7 rhui-rhel-7-server-rhui-rpms 117 k
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Installing for dependencies:
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libxml2-python x86_64 2.9.1-6.el7_2.3 rhui-rhel-7-server-rhui-rpms 247 k
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python-kitchen noarch 1.1.1-5.el7 rhui-rhel-7-server-rhui-rpms 266 k
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Transaction Summary
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=======================================================================================
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Install 1 Package (+2 Dependent packages)
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Total download size: 630 k
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Installed size: 3.1 M
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Is this ok [y/d/N]: y
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Downloading packages:
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(1/3): python-kitchen-1.1.1-5.el7.noarch.rpm | 266 kB 00:00:00
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(2/3): libxml2-python-2.9.1-6.el7_2.3.x86_64.rpm | 247 kB 00:00:00
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(3/3): yum-utils-1.1.31-42.el7.noarch.rpm | 117 kB 00:00:00
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---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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Total 1.0 MB/s | 630 kB 00:00
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Running transaction check
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Running transaction test
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Transaction test succeeded
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Running transaction
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Installing : python-kitchen-1.1.1-5.el7.noarch 1/3
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Installing : libxml2-python-2.9.1-6.el7_2.3.x86_64 2/3
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Installing : yum-utils-1.1.31-42.el7.noarch 3/3
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Verifying : libxml2-python-2.9.1-6.el7_2.3.x86_64 1/3
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Verifying : yum-utils-1.1.31-42.el7.noarch 2/3
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Verifying : python-kitchen-1.1.1-5.el7.noarch 3/3
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Installed:
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yum-utils.noarch 0:1.1.31-42.el7
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Dependency Installed:
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libxml2-python.x86_64 0:2.9.1-6.el7_2.3 python-kitchen.noarch 0:1.1.1-5.el7
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Complete!
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```
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### 如何列出通过 yum 安装的命令？
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现在可以使用 `repoquery` 命令：
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```
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# repoquery --list htop
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```
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或者：
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```
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# repoquery -l htop
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```
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示例输出：
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[![yum where is package installed][5]][5]
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*使用 repoquery 命令确定 yum 包安装的路径*
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你也可以使用 `type` 命令或者 `command` 命令查找指定二进制文件的位置，例如 `httpd` 或者 `htop` ：
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```
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$ type -a httpd
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$ type -a htop
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$ command -V htop
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```
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### 关于作者
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作者是 nixCraft 的创始人，是经验丰富的系统管理员并且是 Linux 命令行脚本编程的教练。他拥有全球多行业合作的经验，客户包括 IT，教育，安防和空间研究。他的联系方式：[Twitter][6]、 [Facebook][7]、 [Google+][8]。
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/yum-determining-finding-path-that-yum-package-installed-to/
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作者：[cyberciti][a]
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译者：[cyleung](https://github.com/cyleung)
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校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux 中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:https://www.cyberciti.biz
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[1]:https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/centos-redhat-linux-install-htop-command-using-yum/
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[2]:https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/rhel-centos-fedora-linux-yum-command-howto/ (See Linux/Unix yum command examples for more info)
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[3]:https://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/linux-debian-package-management-cheat-sheet.html (See Linux/Unix apt-get command examples for more info)
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[4]:https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/ubuntu-lts-debian-linux-apt-command-examples/ (See Linux/Unix apt command examples for more info)
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[5]:https://www.cyberciti.biz/media/new/faq/2018/01/yum-where-is-package-installed.jpg
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[6]:https://twitter.com/nixcraft
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[7]:https://facebook.com/nixcraft
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[8]:https://plus.google.com/+CybercitiBiz
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