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140 lines
6.5 KiB
Markdown
140 lines
6.5 KiB
Markdown
[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: (geekpi)
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[#]: reviewer: (wxy)
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[#]: publisher: (wxy)
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[#]: url: (https://linux.cn/article-12263-1.html)
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[#]: subject: (Three Methods to Check Uptime of MySQL/MariaDB Database Server on Linux)
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[#]: via: (https://www.2daygeek.com/check-mysql-mariadb-database-server-uptime-linux/)
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[#]: author: (Magesh Maruthamuthu https://www.2daygeek.com/author/magesh/)
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在 Linux 上检查 MySQL/MariaDB 数据库正常运行时间的三种方法
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======
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我们都知道在 Linux 中使用 `uptime` 命令的目的。它用于检查 [Linux 系统的正常运行时间][1]以及系统上次启动以来运行的时间。
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而 Linux 管理员的工作是保持系统正常运行。
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如果要检查 Linux 上的其他服务（例如 [Apache][2]、MySQL、MariaDB、sftp 等）运行了多长时间，该怎么做？
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每个服务都有自己的命令来检查服务的正常运行时间。但是你也可以为此使用其他命令。
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### 方法 1：如何使用 ps 命令在 Linux 上检查 MySQL/MariaDB 数据库的正常运行时间
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[ps 命令][3]的意思是<ruby>进程状态<rt>process status</rt></ruby>。这是最基本的命令之一，它显示了系统正在运行的进程的详细信息。
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为此，你首先需要使用 [pidof 命令][5]查找 [MySQL][4]/[MariaDB][6] 的 PID。
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```
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# pidof mysqld | cut -d" " -f1
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2412
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```
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获取 MySQL/MariaDB 的 PID 后，请在 `ps` 命令中使用 `--etime` 选项获得正常运行时间。
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* `--etime`：自进程启动以来经过的时间，形式为 `[[DD-]hh:]mm:ss`。
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```
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# ps -p 2412 -o etime
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ELAPSED
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2-08:49:30
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```
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或者，在 `ps` 命令中使用 `--lstart` 选项来获取指定 PID 的正常运行时间。
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```
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# ps -p 2412 -o lstart
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STARTED
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Sat May 2 03:02:15 2020
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```
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MySQL/MariaDB 进程已经运行了 2 天 03 小时 02 分 15 秒。
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### 方法 2：如何使用 systemctl 命令在 Linux 上检查 MySQL/MariaDB 数据库的正常运行时间
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[systemctl 命令][7]用于控制 systemd 系统和服务管理器。
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systemd 是新的初始化系统和系统管理器，现在大多数 Linux 发行版都淘汰了传统的 SysVinit 管理器而采用了 systemd。
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```
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# systemctl status mariadb
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或者
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# systemctl status mysql
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● mariadb.service - MariaDB 10.1.44 database server
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Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
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Drop-In: /etc/systemd/system/mariadb.service.d
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└─migrated-from-my.cnf-settings.conf
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Active: active (running) since Sat 2020-05-02 03:02:18 UTC; 2 days ago
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Docs: man:mysqld(8)
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https://mariadb.com/kb/en/library/systemd/
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Process: 2448 ExecStartPost=/bin/sh -c systemctl unset-environment _WSREP_START_POSITION (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
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Process: 2388 ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c [ ! -e /usr/bin/galera_recovery ] && VAR= || VAR=/usr/bin/galera_recovery; [ $? -eq 0 ] && systemctl set-environment _WSREP_START_POSITION=$VAR || exit 1 (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
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Process: 2386 ExecStartPre=/bin/sh -c systemctl unset-environment _WSREP_START_POSITION (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
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Main PID: 2412 (mysqld)
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Status: "Taking your SQL requests now…"
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CGroup: /system.slice/mariadb.service
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└─2412 /usr/sbin/mysqld
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May 03 21:41:26 ns2.2daygeek.com mysqld[2412]: 2020-05-03 21:41:26 140328136861440 [Warning] Host name '1.1.1.1' could not be resolved: … not known
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May 04 02:00:46 ns2.2daygeek.com mysqld[2412]: 2020-05-04 2:00:46 140328436418304 [Warning] IP address '1.1.1.1' has been resolved to the host name '2…ss itself.
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May 04 03:01:31 ns2.2daygeek.com mysqld[2412]: 2020-05-04 3:01:31 140328436111104 [Warning] IP address '1.1.1.1' could not be resolved: Temporary fai…resolution
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May 04 04:03:06 ns2.2daygeek.com mysqld[2412]: 2020-05-04 4:03:06 140328136861440 [Warning] IP address '1.1.1.1' could not be resolved: Name or ser… not known
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May 04 07:23:54 ns2.2daygeek.com mysqld[2412]: 2020-05-04 7:23:54 140328435189504 [Warning] IP address '1.1.1.1' could not be resolved: Name or service not known
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May 04 08:03:31 ns2.2daygeek.com mysqld[2412]: 2020-05-04 8:03:31 140328436418304 [Warning] IP address '1.1.1.1' could not be resolved: Name or service not known
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May 04 08:25:56 ns2.2daygeek.com mysqld[2412]: 2020-05-04 8:25:56 140328135325440 [Warning] IP address '1.1.1.1' could not be resolved: Name or service not known
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Warning: Journal has been rotated since unit was started. Log output is incomplete or unavailable.
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Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.
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```
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### 方法 3：如何使用 MySQLAdmin 命令在 Linux 上检查 MySQL/MariaDB 数据库的正常运行时间
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[MySQLAdmin][8] 是安装 MySQL 软件包时安装的 MySQL 服务器命令行程序。
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MySQLAdmin 客户端允许你在 MySQL 服务器上执行一些基本的管理功能。
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它用于创建数据库、删除数据库、设置 root 密码、更改 root 密码、检查 MySQL 状态、验证 MySQL 功能、监视 mysql 进程以及验证服务器的配置。
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```
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# mysqladmin -u root -pPassword version
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mysqladmin Ver 8.42 Distrib 5.7.27, for Linux on x86_64
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Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
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Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
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affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
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owners.
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Server version 5.7.27
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Protocol version 10
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Connection Localhost via UNIX socket
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UNIX socket /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
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Uptime: 1 day 10 hours 44 min 13 sec
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```
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://www.2daygeek.com/check-mysql-mariadb-database-server-uptime-linux/
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作者：[Magesh Maruthamuthu][a]
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
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译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
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校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://www.2daygeek.com/author/magesh/
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://www.2daygeek.com/linux-system-server-uptime-check/
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[2]: https://www.2daygeek.com/check-find-apache-httpd-web-server-uptime-linux/
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[3]: https://www.2daygeek.com/linux-ps-command-find-running-process-monitoring/
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[4]: https://www.2daygeek.com/category/mysql/
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[5]: https://www.2daygeek.com/check-find-parent-process-id-pid-ppid-linux/
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[6]: https://www.2daygeek.com/category/mariadb/
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[7]: https://www.2daygeek.com/sysvinit-vs-systemd-cheatsheet-systemctl-command-usage/
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[8]: https://www.2daygeek.com/linux-mysqladmin-command-administrate-mysql-mariadb-server/
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