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Getting started with the Geany text editor
Geany is a light and swift text editor with IDE features.
I have to admit, it took me a rather embarrassingly long time to really get into Linux as a daily driver. One thing I recall from these years in the wilderness was how strange it was to watch open source types get so worked up about text editors.
It wasn't just that opinions differed. Disagreements were intense. And you'd see them again and again.
I mean, I suppose it makes some sense. Doing dev or admin work means you're spending a lot of time with a text editor. And when it gets in the way or won't do quite what you want? In that exact moment, that's the most frustrating thing in the world.
And I know what it means to really hate a text editor. I learned this many years ago in the computer labs at university trying to figure out Emacs. I was quite shocked that a piece of software could have so many sadomasochistic overtones. People were doing that to each other deliberately!
So perhaps it's a rite of passage that now I have one I very much like. It's called Geany, it's on GPL, and it's in the repositories of most popular distributions.
Here's why it works for me.
I'm into simplicity
The main thing I want from a text editor is just to edit text. I don't think there should be any kind of learning curve in the way. I should be able to open it and use it.
For that reason, I've generally used whatever is included with an operating system. On Windows 10, I used Notepad far longer than I should have. When I finally replaced it, it was with Notepad++. In the Linux terminal, I like Nano.
I was perfectly aware I was missing out on a lot of useful functionality. But it was never enough of a pain point to make a change. And it's not that I've never tried anything more elaborate. I did some of my first real programming on Visual Basic and Borland Delphi.
These development environments gave you a graphical interface to design your windows visually, various windows where you could configure properties and settings, a text interface to write your functions, and various odds and ends for debugging. This was a great way to build desktop applications, so long as you used it the way it was intended.
But if you wanted to do something the authors didn't anticipate, all these extra moving parts suddenly got in the way. As software became more and more about the web and the internet, this situation started happening all the time.
In the past, I used HTML editing suites like Macromedia Dreamweaver (as it was back then) and FirstPage for static websites. Again, I found the features could get in the way as much as they helped. These applications had their own ideas about how to organize your project, and if you had a different view, it was an awful bother.
More recently, after a long break from programming, I started learning the people's language: Python. I bought a book of introductory tutorials, which said to install IDLE, so I did. I think I got about five minutes into it before ditching it to run the interpreter from the command line. It had way too many moving parts to deal with. Especially for HelloWorld.py.
But I always went back to Notepad++ and Nano whenever I could get away with it.
So what changed? Well, a few months ago I ditched Windows 10 completely (hooray!). Sticking with what I knew, I used Nano as my main text editor for a few weeks.
I learned that Nano is great when you're already on the command line and you need to launch a Navy SEAL mission. You know what I mean. A lightning-fast raid. Get in, complete the objective, and get out.
It's less ideal for long campaigns—or even moderately short ones. Even just adding a new page to a static website turns out to involve many repetitive keystrokes. As much as anything else, I really missed being able to navigate and select text with the mouse.
Introducing Geany
The Geany project began in 2005 and is still actively developed.
It has minimal dependencies: just the GTK Toolkit and the libraries that GTK depends on. If you have any kind of desktop environment installed, you almost certainly have GTK on your machine.
I'm using it on Xfce, but thanks to these minimal dependencies, Geany is portable across desktop environments.
Geany is fast and light. Installing Geany from the package manager took mere moments, and it uses only 3.1MB of space on my machine.
So far, I've used it for HTML, CSS, and Python and to edit configuration files. It also recognizes C, Java, JavaScript, Perl, and more.
No-compromise simplicity
Geany has a lot of great features that make life easier. Just listing them would miss the best bit, which is this: Geany makes sense right out of the box. As soon as it's installed, you can start editing files straightaway, and it just works.
For all the IDE functionality, none of it gets in the way. The default settings are set intelligently, and the menus are laid out nicely enough that it's no hassle to change them.
It doesn't try to organize your project for you, and it doesn't have strong opinions about how you should do anything.
Handles whitespace beautifully
By default, every time you press Enter, Geany preserves the indentation on the new line. In addition to saving a few tedious keystrokes, it avoids the inconsistent use of tabs and spaces, which can sometimes sneak in when your mind's elsewhere and make your code hard to follow for anyone with a different text editor.
But what if you're editing a file that's already suffered this treatment? For example, I needed to edit an HTML file that was indented with a mix of tabs and spaces, making it a nightmare to figure out how the tags were nested.
With Geany, it took just seconds to hunt through the menus to change the tab length from four spaces to eight. Even better was the option to convert those tabs to spaces. Problem solved!
Clever shortcuts and automation
How often do you write the correct code on the wrong line? I do it all the time.
Geany makes it easy to move lines of code up and down using Alt+PgUp and Alt+PgDn. This is a little nicer than just a regular cut and paste—instead of needing four or five key presses, you only need one.
When coding HTML, Geany automatically closes tags for you. As well as saving time, this avoids a lot of annoying bugs. When you forget to close a tag, you can spend ages scouring the document looking for something far more complex.
It gets even better in Python, where indentation is crucial. Whenever you end a line with a colon, Geany automatically indents it for you.
One nice little side effect is that when you forget to include the colon—something I do with embarrassing regularity—you realize it immediately when you don't get the automatic indentation you expected.
The default indentation is a single tab, while I prefer two spaces. Because Geany's menus are very well laid out, it took me only a few seconds to figure out how to change it.
You, of course, get syntax highlighting too. In addition, it tracks your variable scope and offers useful autocompletion.
Large plugin library
Geany has a big library of plugins, but so far I haven't needed to try any. Even so, I still feel like I benefit from them. How? Well, it means that my editor isn't crammed with functionality I don't use.
I reckon this attitude of adding extra functionality into a big library of plugins is a great ethos—no matter your specific needs, you get to have all the stuff you want and none of what you don't.
Remote file editing
One thing that's really nice about terminal text editors is that it's no problem to use them in a remote shell.
Geany handles this beautifully, as well. You can open remote files anywhere you have SSH access as easily as you can open files on your own machine.
One frustration I had at first was I only seemed to be able to authenticate with a username and password, which was annoying, because certificates are so much nicer. It turned out that this was just me being a noob by keeping certificates in my home directory rather than in ~/.ssh.
When editing Python scripts remotely, autocompletion doesn't work when you use packages installed on the server and not on your local machine. This isn't really that big a deal for me, but it's there.
In summary
Text editors are such a personal preference that the right one will be different for different people.
Geany is excellent if you already know what you want to write and want to just get on with it while enjoying plenty of useful shortcuts to speed up the menial parts.
Geany is a great way to have your cake and eat it too.
via: https://opensource.com/article/19/3/getting-started-geany-text-editor
作者：James Mawson 选题：lujun9972 译者：译者ID 校对：校对者ID