TranslateProject/sources/tech/20150717 How to monitor NGINX with Datadog - Part 3.md
2015-07-26 00:12:43 +08:00

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translating wi-cuckoo How to monitor NGINX with Datadog - Part 3

If youve already read our post on monitoring NGINX, you know how much information you can gain about your web environment from just a handful of metrics. And youve also seen just how easy it is to start collecting metrics from NGINX on ad hoc basis. But to implement comprehensive, ongoing NGINX monitoring, you will need a robust monitoring system to store and visualize your metrics, and to alert you when anomalies happen. In this post, well show you how to set up NGINX monitoring in Datadog so that you can view your metrics on customizable dashboards like this:

NGINX dashboard

Datadog allows you to build graphs and alerts around individual hosts, services, processes, metrics—or virtually any combination thereof. For instance, you can monitor all of your NGINX hosts, or all hosts in a certain availability zone, or you can monitor a single key metric being reported by all hosts with a certain tag. This post will show you how to:

  • Monitor NGINX metrics on Datadog dashboards, alongside all your other systems
  • Set up automated alerts to notify you when a key metric changes dramatically

Configuring NGINX

To collect metrics from NGINX, you first need to ensure that NGINX has an enabled status module and a URL for reporting its status metrics. Step-by-step instructions for configuring open-source NGINX and NGINX Plus are available in our companion post on metric collection.

Integrating Datadog and NGINX

Install the Datadog Agent

The Datadog Agent is the open-source software that collects and reports metrics from your hosts so that you can view and monitor them in Datadog. Installing the agent usually takes just a single command.

As soon as your Agent is up and running, you should see your host reporting metrics in your Datadog account.

Datadog infrastructure list

Configure the Agent

Next youll need to create a simple NGINX configuration file for the Agent. The location of the Agents configuration directory for your OS can be found here.

Inside that directory, at conf.d/nginx.yaml.example, you will find a sample NGINX config file that you can edit to provide the status URL and optional tags for each of your NGINX instances:

init_config:
 
instances:
 
    -   nginx_status_url: http://localhost/nginx_status/
        tags:
            -   instance:foo

Once you have supplied the status URLs and any tags, save the config file as conf.d/nginx.yaml.

Restart the Agent

You must restart the Agent to load your new configuration file. The restart command varies somewhat by platform—see the specific commands for your platform here.

Verify the configuration settings

To check that Datadog and NGINX are properly integrated, run the Datadog info command. The command for each platform is available here.

If the configuration is correct, you will see a section like this in the output:

Checks
======
 
  [...]
 
  nginx
  -----
      - instance #0 [OK]
      - Collected 8 metrics & 0 events 

Install the integration

Finally, switch on the NGINX integration inside your Datadog account. Its as simple as clicking the “Install Integration” button under the Configuration tab in the NGINX integration settings.

Install integration

Metrics!

Once the Agent begins reporting NGINX metrics, you will see an NGINX dashboard among your list of available dashboards in Datadog.

The basic NGINX dashboard displays a handful of graphs encapsulating most of the key metrics highlighted in our introduction to NGINX monitoring. (Some metrics, notably request processing time, require log analysis and are not available in Datadog.)

You can easily create a comprehensive dashboard for monitoring your entire web stack by adding additional graphs with important metrics from outside NGINX. For example, you might want to monitor host-level metrics on your NGINX hosts, such as system load. To start building a custom dashboard, simply clone the default NGINX dashboard by clicking on the gear near the upper right of the dashboard and selecting “Clone Dash”.

Clone dash

You can also monitor your NGINX instances at a higher level using Datadogs Host Maps—for instance, color-coding all your NGINX hosts by CPU usage to identify potential hotspots.

Alerting on NGINX metrics

Once Datadog is capturing and visualizing your metrics, you will likely want to set up some monitors to automatically keep tabs on your metrics—and to alert you when there are problems. Below well walk through a representative example: a metric monitor that alerts on sudden drops in NGINX throughput.

Monitor your NGINX throughput

Datadog metric alerts can be threshold-based (alert when the metric exceeds a set value) or change-based (alert when the metric changes by a certain amount). In this case well take the latter approach, alerting when our incoming requests per second drop precipitously. Such drops are often indicative of problems.

1.Create a new metric monitor. Select “New Monitor” from the “Monitors” dropdown in Datadog. Select “Metric” as the monitor type.

NGINX metric monitor

2.Define your metric monitor. We want to know when our total NGINX requests per second drop by a certain amount. So we define the metric of interest to be the sum of nginx.net.request_per_s across our infrastructure.

NGINX metric

3.Set metric alert conditions. Since we want to alert on a change, rather than on a fixed threshold, we select “Change Alert.” Well set the monitor to alert us whenever the request volume drops by 30 percent or more. Here we use a one-minute window of data to represent the metrics value “now” and alert on the average change across that interval, as compared to the metrics value 10 minutes prior.

NGINX metric change alert

4.Customize the notification. If our NGINX request volume drops, we want to notify our team. In this case we will post a notification in the ops teams chat room and page the engineer on call. In “Say whats happening”, we name the monitor and add a short message that will accompany the notification to suggest a first step for investigation. We @mention the Slack channel that we use for ops and use @pagerduty to route the alert to PagerDuty

NGINX metric notification

5.Save the integration monitor. Click the “Save” button at the bottom of the page. Youre now monitoring a key NGINX work metric, and your on-call engineer will be paged anytime it drops rapidly.

Conclusion

In this post weve walked you through integrating NGINX with Datadog to visualize your key metrics and notify your team when your web infrastructure shows signs of trouble.

If youve followed along using your own Datadog account, you should now have greatly improved visibility into whats happening in your web environment, as well as the ability to create automated monitors tailored to your environment, your usage patterns, and the metrics that are most valuable to your organization.

If you dont yet have a Datadog account, you can sign up for a free trial and start monitoring your infrastructure, your applications, and your services today.


Source Markdown for this post is available on GitHub. Questions, corrections, additions, etc.? Please let us know.


via: https://www.datadoghq.com/blog/how-to-monitor-nginx-with-datadog/

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