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219 lines
8.1 KiB
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219 lines
8.1 KiB
Markdown
[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: (geekpi)
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[#]: reviewer: (wxy)
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[#]: publisher: (wxy)
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[#]: url: (https://linux.cn/article-11580-1.html)
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[#]: subject: (Bash Script to Generate Patching Compliance Report on CentOS/RHEL Systems)
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[#]: via: (https://www.2daygeek.com/bash-script-to-generate-patching-compliance-report-on-centos-rhel-systems/)
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[#]: author: (Magesh Maruthamuthu https://www.2daygeek.com/author/magesh/)
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在 CentOS/RHEL 系统上生成补丁合规报告的 Bash 脚本
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======
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如果你运行的是大型 Linux 环境，那么你可能已经将 Red Hat 与 Satellite 集成了。如果是的话，你不必担心补丁合规性报告，因为有一种方法可以从 Satellite 服务器导出它。
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但是，如果你运行的是没有 Satellite 集成的小型 Red Hat 环境，或者它是 CentOS 系统，那么此脚本将帮助你创建该报告。
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补丁合规性报告通常每月创建一次或三个月一次，具体取决于公司的需求。根据你的需要添加 cronjob 来自动执行此功能。
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此 [bash 脚本][1] 通常适合于少于 50 个系统运行，但没有限制。
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保持系统最新是 Linux 管理员的一项重要任务，它使你的计算机非常稳定和安全。
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以下文章可以帮助你了解有关在红帽 （RHEL） 和 CentOS 系统上安装安全修补程序的更多详细信息。
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* [如何在 CentOS 或 RHEL 系统上检查可用的安全更新？][2]
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* [在 RHEL 和 CentOS 系统上安装安全更新的四种方法][3]
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* [在 RHEL 和 CentOS 上检查或列出已安装的安全更新的两种方法][4]
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此教程中包含四个 [shell 脚本][5]，请选择适合你的脚本。
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### 方法 1：为 CentOS / RHEL 系统上的安全修补生成补丁合规性报告的 Bash 脚本
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此脚本只会生成安全修补合规性报告。它会通过纯文本发送邮件。
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```
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# vi /opt/scripts/small-scripts/sec-errata.sh
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#!/bin/sh
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/tmp/sec-up.txt
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SUBJECT="Patching Reports on "date""
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MESSAGE="/tmp/sec-up.txt"
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TO="[email protected]"
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echo "+---------------+-----------------------------+" >> $MESSAGE
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echo "| Server_Name | Security Errata |" >> $MESSAGE
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echo "+---------------+-----------------------------+" >> $MESSAGE
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for server in `more /opt/scripts/server.txt`
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do
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sec=`ssh $server yum updateinfo summary | grep 'Security' | grep -v 'Important|Moderate' | tail -1 | awk '{print $1}'`
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echo "$server $sec" >> $MESSAGE
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done
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echo "+---------------------------------------------+" >> $MESSAGE
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mail -s "$SUBJECT" "$TO" < $MESSAGE
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```
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添加完上面的脚本后运行它。
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```
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# sh /opt/scripts/small-scripts/sec-errata.sh
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```
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你会看到下面的输出。
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```
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# cat /tmp/sec-up.txt
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+---------------+-------------------+
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| Server_Name | Security Errata |
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+---------------+-------------------+
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server1
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server2
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server3 21
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server4
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+-----------------------------------+
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```
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添加下面的 cronjob 来每个月得到一份补丁合规性报告。
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```
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# crontab -e
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@monthly /bin/bash /opt/scripts/system-uptime-script-1.sh
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```
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### 方法 1a：为 CentOS / RHEL 系统上的安全修补生成补丁合规性报告的 Bash 脚本
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脚本会为你生成安全修补合规性报告。它会通过 CSV 文件发送邮件。
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```
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# vi /opt/scripts/small-scripts/sec-errata-1.sh
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#!/bin/sh
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echo "Server Name, Security Errata" > /tmp/sec-up.csv
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for server in `more /opt/scripts/server.txt`
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do
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sec=`ssh $server yum updateinfo summary | grep 'Security' | grep -v 'Important|Moderate' | tail -1 | awk '{print $1}'`
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echo "$server, $sec" >> /tmp/sec-up.csv
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done
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echo "Patching Report for `date +"%B %Y"`" | mailx -s "Patching Report on `date`" -a /tmp/sec-up.csv [email protected]
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rm /tmp/sec-up.csv
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```
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添加完上面的脚本后运行它。
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```
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# sh /opt/scripts/small-scripts/sec-errata-1.sh
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```
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你会看到下面的输出。
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![][6]
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### 方法 2：为 CentOS / RHEL 系统上的安全修补、bugfix、增强生成补丁合规性报告的 Bash 脚本
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脚本会为你生成安全修补、bugfix、增强的补丁合规性报告。它会通过纯文本发送邮件。
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```
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# vi /opt/scripts/small-scripts/sec-errata-bugfix-enhancement.sh
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#!/bin/sh
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/tmp/sec-up.txt
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SUBJECT="Patching Reports on "`date`""
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MESSAGE="/tmp/sec-up.txt"
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TO="[email protected]"
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echo "+---------------+-------------------+--------+---------------------+" >> $MESSAGE
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echo "| Server_Name | Security Errata | Bugfix | Enhancement |" >> $MESSAGE
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echo "+---------------+-------------------+--------+---------------------+" >> $MESSAGE
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for server in `more /opt/scripts/server.txt`
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do
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sec=`ssh $server yum updateinfo summary | grep 'Security' | grep -v 'Important|Moderate' | tail -1 | awk '{print $1}'`
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bug=`ssh $server yum updateinfo summary | grep 'Bugfix' | tail -1 | awk '{print $1}'`
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enhance=`ssh $server yum updateinfo summary | grep 'Enhancement' | tail -1 | awk '{print $1}'`
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echo "$server $sec $bug $enhance" >> $MESSAGE
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done
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echo "+------------------------------------------------------------------+" >> $MESSAGE
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mail -s "$SUBJECT" "$TO" < $MESSAGE
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```
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添加完上面的脚本后运行它。
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```
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# sh /opt/scripts/small-scripts/sec-errata-bugfix-enhancement.sh
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```
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你会看到下面的输出。
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```
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# cat /tmp/sec-up.txt
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+---------------+-------------------+--------+---------------------+
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| Server_Name | Security Errata | Bugfix | Enhancement |
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+---------------+-------------------+--------+---------------------+
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server01 16
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server02 5 16
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server03 21 266 20
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server04 16
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+------------------------------------------------------------------+
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```
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添加下面的 cronjob 来每三个月得到补丁合规性报告。该脚本计划在一月、四月、七月、十月的 1 号运行。
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```
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# crontab -e
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0 0 01 */3 * /bin/bash /opt/scripts/system-uptime-script-1.sh
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```
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### 方法 2a：为 CentOS / RHEL 系统上的安全修补、bugfix、增强生成补丁合规性报告的 Bash 脚本
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脚本会为你生成安全修补、bugfix、增强的补丁合规性报告。它会通过 CSV 文件发送邮件。
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```
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# vi /opt/scripts/small-scripts/sec-errata-bugfix-enhancement-1.sh
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#!/bin/sh
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echo "Server Name, Security Errata,Bugfix,Enhancement" > /tmp/sec-up.csv
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for server in `more /opt/scripts/server.txt`
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do
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sec=`ssh $server yum updateinfo summary | grep 'Security' | grep -v 'Important|Moderate' | tail -1 | awk '{print $1}'`
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bug=`ssh $server yum updateinfo summary | grep 'Bugfix' | tail -1 | awk '{print $1}'`
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enhance=`ssh $server yum updateinfo summary | grep 'Enhancement' | tail -1 | awk '{print $1}'`
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echo "$server,$sec,$bug,$enhance" >> /tmp/sec-up.csv
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done
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echo "Patching Report for `date +"%B %Y"`" | mailx -s "Patching Report on `date`" -a /tmp/sec-up.csv [email protected]
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rm /tmp/sec-up.csv
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```
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添加完上面的脚本后运行它。
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```
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# sh /opt/scripts/small-scripts/sec-errata-bugfix-enhancement-1.sh
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```
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你会看到下面的输出。
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![][7]
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://www.2daygeek.com/bash-script-to-generate-patching-compliance-report-on-centos-rhel-systems/
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作者：[Magesh Maruthamuthu][a]
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
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译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
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校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://www.2daygeek.com/author/magesh/
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://www.2daygeek.com/category/bash-script/
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[2]: https://linux.cn/article-10938-1.html
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[3]: https://www.2daygeek.com/install-security-updates-on-redhat-rhel-centos-system/
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[4]: https://linux.cn/article-10960-1.html
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[5]: https://www.2daygeek.com/category/shell-script/
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[6]: https://www.2daygeek.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/bash-script-to-generate-patching-compliance-report-on-centos-rhel-systems-2.png
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[7]: https://www.2daygeek.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/bash-script-to-generate-patching-compliance-report-on-centos-rhel-systems-3.png
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