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105 lines
4.5 KiB
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105 lines
4.5 KiB
Markdown
### How to reset the root password in RHEL7/CentOS7/Scientific Linux 7- based systems
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Contents
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* * [1. Objective][9]
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* [2. Requirements][10]
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* [3. Difficulty][11]
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* [4. Instructions][12]
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* [4.1. Boot into the minimal mode][1]
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* [4.2. Interrupt the boot process][2]
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* [4.3. Remount the system so that it can read and write][3]
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* [4.4. Make /sysroot your root][4]
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* [4.5. Change the root password][5]
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* [4.6. Load SELinux policy][6]
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* [4.7. Set context type on /etc/shadow file][7]
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* [4.8. Exit & reboot][8]
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### Objective
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Resetting the root password in RHEL7/CentOS7/Scientific Linux 7
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### Requirements
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RHEL7 / CentOS7 / Scientific Linux 7
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### Difficulty
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MODERATE
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### Instructions
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Things have changed in the RHEL7 world and so has the preferred way of resetting the root password. Although the old way of interrupting the boot process (init=/bin/bash) still works, it is no longer bulletproof and recommended. 'Systemd' uses 'rd.break' to interrupt the boot. Let's have a quick walk through the whole procedure.
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### Boot into the minimal mode
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Reboot the system and press `e` while being on the kernel list page, before the autoboot starts the system automatically. You get into the edit mode.
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### Interrupt the boot process
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In the kernel string - at the end of the line starting `linux 16 /vmlinuz- ect` type `rd.break`. Then Ctrl+X to reboot. The system boots into the initial ram drive and it's mounted on /sysroot In this mode you are not required to type the password.
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### Remount the system so that it can read and write
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```
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switch_root:/# mount -o remount,rw /sysroot/
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```
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### Make /sysroot your root
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```
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switch_root:/# chroot /sysroot
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```
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The command line will change slightly.
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### Change the root password
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```
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sh-4.2# passwd
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```
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### Load SELinux policy
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```
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sh-4.2# load_policy -i
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```
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### Set context type on /etc/shadow file
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```
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sh-4.2# chcon -t shadow_t /etc/shadow
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```
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Note: You could bypass the last 2 steps by creating an autorelabel file instead, but autorelabeling might take a long time.
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```
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sh-4.2# touch /.autorelabel
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```
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For that reason, and despite it is easier, it should be regarded as the 'lazy option', and is not recommended.
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### Exit & reboot
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Exit & reboot and log in with your new root password.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://linuxconfig.org/how-to-reset-the-root-password-in-rhel7-centos7-scientific-linux-7-based-systems
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作者：[Rado Folwarczny][a]
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译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
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校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:https://linuxconfig.org/how-to-reset-the-root-password-in-rhel7-centos7-scientific-linux-7-based-systems
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[1]:https://linuxconfig.org/how-to-reset-the-root-password-in-rhel7-centos7-scientific-linux-7-based-systems#h4-1-boot-into-the-minimal-mode
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[2]:https://linuxconfig.org/how-to-reset-the-root-password-in-rhel7-centos7-scientific-linux-7-based-systems#h4-2-interrupt-the-boot-process
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[3]:https://linuxconfig.org/how-to-reset-the-root-password-in-rhel7-centos7-scientific-linux-7-based-systems#h4-3-remount-the-system-so-that-it-can-read-and-write
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[4]:https://linuxconfig.org/how-to-reset-the-root-password-in-rhel7-centos7-scientific-linux-7-based-systems#h4-4-make-sysroot-your-root
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[5]:https://linuxconfig.org/how-to-reset-the-root-password-in-rhel7-centos7-scientific-linux-7-based-systems#h4-5-change-the-root-password
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[6]:https://linuxconfig.org/how-to-reset-the-root-password-in-rhel7-centos7-scientific-linux-7-based-systems#h4-6-load-selinux-policy
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[7]:https://linuxconfig.org/how-to-reset-the-root-password-in-rhel7-centos7-scientific-linux-7-based-systems#h4-7-set-context-type-on-etc-shadow-file
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[8]:https://linuxconfig.org/how-to-reset-the-root-password-in-rhel7-centos7-scientific-linux-7-based-systems#h4-8-exit-reboot
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[9]:https://linuxconfig.org/how-to-reset-the-root-password-in-rhel7-centos7-scientific-linux-7-based-systems#h1-objective
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[10]:https://linuxconfig.org/how-to-reset-the-root-password-in-rhel7-centos7-scientific-linux-7-based-systems#h2-requirements
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[11]:https://linuxconfig.org/how-to-reset-the-root-password-in-rhel7-centos7-scientific-linux-7-based-systems#h3-difficulty
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[12]:https://linuxconfig.org/how-to-reset-the-root-password-in-rhel7-centos7-scientific-linux-7-based-systems#h4-instructions
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