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183 lines
4.4 KiB
Markdown
[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: (geekpi)
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[#]: reviewer: (wxy)
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[#]: publisher: (wxy)
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[#]: url: (https://linux.cn/article-11270-1.html)
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[#]: subject: (Find The Linux Distribution Name, Version And Kernel Details)
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[#]: via: (https://www.ostechnix.com/find-out-the-linux-distribution-name-version-and-kernel-details/)
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[#]: author: (sk https://www.ostechnix.com/author/sk/)
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查找 Linux 发行版名称、版本和内核详细信息
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======
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![Find The Linux Distribution Name, Version And Kernel Details][1]
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本指南介绍了如何查找 Linux 发行版名称、版本和内核详细信息。如果你的 Linux 系统有 GUI 界面,那么你可以从系统设置中轻松找到这些信息。但在命令行模式下,初学者很难找到这些详情。没有问题!我这里给出了一些命令行方法来查找 Linux 系统信息。可能有很多,但这些方法适用于大多数 Linux 发行版。
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### 1、查找 Linux 发行版名称、版本
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有很多方法可以找出 VPS 中运行的操作系统。
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#### 方法 1:
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打开终端并运行以下命令:
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```
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$ cat /etc/*-release
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```
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CentOS 7 上的示例输出:
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```
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CentOS Linux release 7.0.1406 (Core)
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NAME="CentOS Linux"
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VERSION="7 (Core)"
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ID="centos"
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ID_LIKE="rhel fedora"
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VERSION_ID="7"
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PRETTY_NAME="CentOS Linux 7 (Core)"
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ANSI_COLOR="0;31"
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CPE_NAME="cpe:/o:centos:centos:7"
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HOME_URL="https://www.centos.org/"
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BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.centos.org/"
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CentOS Linux release 7.0.1406 (Core)
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CentOS Linux release 7.0.1406 (Core)
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```
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Ubuntu 18.04 上的示例输出:
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```
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DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu
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DISTRIB_RELEASE=18.04
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DISTRIB_CODENAME=bionic
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DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 18.04.2 LTS"
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NAME="Ubuntu"
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VERSION="18.04.2 LTS (Bionic Beaver)"
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ID=ubuntu
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ID_LIKE=debian
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PRETTY_NAME="Ubuntu 18.04.2 LTS"
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VERSION_ID="18.04"
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HOME_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/"
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SUPPORT_URL="https://help.ubuntu.com/"
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BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/"
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PRIVACY_POLICY_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/legal/terms-and-policies/privacy-policy"
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VERSION_CODENAME=bionic
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UBUNTU_CODENAME=bionic
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```
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#### 方法 2:
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以下命令也能获取你发行版的详细信息。
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```
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$ cat /etc/issue
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```
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Ubuntu 18.04 上的示例输出:
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```
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Ubuntu 18.04.2 LTS \n \l
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```
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#### 方法 3:
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以下命令能在 Debian 及其衍生版如 Ubuntu、Linux Mint 上获取发行版详细信息。
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```
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$ lsb_release -a
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```
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示例输出:
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```
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No LSB modules are available.
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Distributor ID: Ubuntu
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Description: Ubuntu 18.04.2 LTS
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Release: 18.04
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Codename: bionic
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```
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### 2、查找 Linux 内核详细信息
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#### 方法 1:
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要查找 Linux 内核详细信息,请在终端运行以下命令。
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```
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$ uname -a
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```
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CentOS 7 上的示例输出:
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```
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Linux server.ostechnix.lan 3.10.0-123.9.3.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Thu Nov 6 15:06:03 UTC 2014 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
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```
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Ubuntu 18.04 上的示例输出:
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```
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Linux ostechnix 4.18.0-25-generic #26~18.04.1-Ubuntu SMP Thu Jun 27 07:28:31 UTC 2019 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
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```
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或者,
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```
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$ uname -mrs
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```
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示例输出:
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```
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Linux 4.18.0-25-generic x86_64
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```
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这里,
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* `Linux` – 内核名
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* `4.18.0-25-generic` – 内核版本
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* `x86_64` – 系统硬件架构(即 64 位系统)
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有关 `uname` 命令的更多详细信息,请参考手册页。
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```
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$ man uname
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```
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#### 方法2:
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在终端中,运行以下命令:
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```
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$ cat /proc/version
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```
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CentOS 7 上的示例输出:
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```
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Linux version 3.10.0-123.9.3.el7.x86_64 ([email protected]) (gcc version 4.8.2 20140120 (Red Hat 4.8.2-16) (GCC) ) #1 SMP Thu Nov 6 15:06:03 UTC 2014
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```
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Ubuntu 18.04 上的示例输出:
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```
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Linux version 4.18.0-25-generic ([email protected]) (gcc version 7.4.0 (Ubuntu 7.4.0-1ubuntu1~18.04.1)) #26~18.04.1-Ubuntu SMP Thu Jun 27 07:28:31 UTC 2019
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```
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这些是查找 Linux 发行版的名称、版本和内核详细信息的几种方法。希望你觉得它有用。
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://www.ostechnix.com/find-out-the-linux-distribution-name-version-and-kernel-details/
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作者:[sk][a]
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选题:[lujun9972][b]
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译者:[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
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校对:[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译,[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://www.ostechnix.com/author/sk/
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://www.ostechnix.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/Linux-Distribution-Name-Version-Kernel-720x340.png
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