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412 lines
24 KiB
Markdown
[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: ( )
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[#]: reviewer: ( )
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[#]: publisher: ( )
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[#]: url: ( )
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[#]: subject: (PowerTOP – Monitors Power Usage and Improve Laptop Battery Life in Linux)
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[#]: via: (https://www.2daygeek.com/powertop-monitors-laptop-battery-usage-linux/)
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[#]: author: (Vinoth Kumar https://www.2daygeek.com/author/vinoth/)
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PowerTOP – Monitors Power Usage and Improve Laptop Battery Life in Linux
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======
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We all know, we almost 80-90% migrated from PC (Desktop) to laptop.
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But one thing we want from a laptop, it’s long battery life and we want to use every drop of power.
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So it’s good to know where our power is going and getting waste.
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You can use the powertop utility to see what’s drawing power when your system’s not plugged in.
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You need to run the powertop utility in terminal with super user privilege.
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It will access the hardware and measure power usage.
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### What is PowerTOP
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PowerTOP is a Linux tool to diagnose issues with power consumption and power management.
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It was developed by Intel to enable various power-saving modes in kernel, userspace, and hardware.
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In addition to being a diagnostic tool, PowerTOP also has an interactive mode where the user can experiment various power management settings for cases where the Linux distribution has not enabled these settings.
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It is possible to monitor processes and show which of them are utilizing the CPU and wake it from its Idle-States, allowing to identify applications with particular high power demands.
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### How to Install PowerTOP
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PowerTOP package is available in most of the distributions official repository so, use the distributions **[Package Manager][1]** to install it.
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For **`Fedora`** system, use **[DNF Command][2]** to install PowerTOP.
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```
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$ sudo dnf install powertop
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```
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For **`Debian/Ubuntu`** systems, use **[APT-GET Command][3]** or **[APT Command][4]** to install PowerTOP.
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```
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$ sudo apt install powertop
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```
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For **`Arch Linux`** based systems, use **[Pacman Command][5]** to install PowerTOP.
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```
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$ sudo pacman -S powertop
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```
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For **`RHEL/CentOS`** systems, use **[YUM Command][6]** to install PowerTOP.
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```
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$ sudo yum install powertop
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```
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For **`openSUSE Leap`** system, use **[Zypper Command][7]** to install PowerTOP.
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```
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$ sudo zypper install powertop
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```
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### How To Access PowerTOP
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PowerTOP requires super user privilege so, run as root to use PowerTOP utility on your Linux system.
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By default it shows `Overview` tab where we can see the power usage consumption for all the devices. Also shows your system wakeups seconds.
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```
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$ sudo powertop
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PowerTOP v2.9 Overview Idle stats Frequency stats Device stats Tunables
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The battery reports a discharge rate of 12.6 W
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The power consumed was 259 J
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The estimated remaining time is 1 hours, 52 minutes
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Summary: 1692.9 wakeups/second, 0.0 GPU ops/seconds, 0.0 VFS ops/sec and 54.9% CPU use
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Usage Events/s Category Description
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9.3 ms/s 529.4 Timer tick_sched_timer
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378.5 ms/s 139.8 Process [PID 2991] /usr/lib/firefox/firefox -contentproc -childID 7 -isForBrowser -prefsLen 8314 -prefMapSize 173895 -schedulerPrefs 00
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7.5 ms/s 141.7 Timer hrtimer_wakeup
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3.3 ms/s 102.7 Process [PID 1527] /usr/lib/firefox/firefox --new-window
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11.6 ms/s 69.1 Process [PID 1568] /usr/lib/firefox/firefox -contentproc -childID 1 -isForBrowser -prefsLen 1 -prefMapSize 173895 -schedulerPrefs 0001,
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6.2 ms/s 59.0 Process [PID 1496] /usr/lib/firefox/firefox --new-window
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2.1 ms/s 59.6 Process [PID 2466] /usr/lib/firefox/firefox -contentproc -childID 3 -isForBrowser -prefsLen 5814 -prefMapSize 173895 -schedulerPrefs 00
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1.8 ms/s 52.3 Process [PID 2052] /usr/lib/firefox/firefox -contentproc -childID 4 -isForBrowser -prefsLen 5814 -prefMapSize 173895 -schedulerPrefs 00
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1.8 ms/s 50.8 Process [PID 3034] /usr/lib/firefox/firefox -contentproc -childID 7 -isForBrowser -prefsLen 8314 -prefMapSize 173895 -schedulerPrefs 00
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3.6 ms/s 48.4 Process [PID 3009] /usr/lib/firefox/firefox -contentproc -childID 7 -isForBrowser -prefsLen 8314 -prefMapSize 173895 -schedulerPrefs 00
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7.5 ms/s 46.2 Process [PID 2996] /usr/lib/firefox/firefox -contentproc -childID 7 -isForBrowser -prefsLen 8314 -prefMapSize 173895 -schedulerPrefs 00
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25.2 ms/s 33.6 Process [PID 1528] /usr/lib/firefox/firefox --new-window
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5.7 ms/s 32.2 Interrupt [7] sched(softirq)
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2.1 ms/s 32.2 Process [PID 1811] /usr/lib/firefox/firefox -contentproc -childID 4 -isForBrowser -prefsLen 5814 -prefMapSize 173895 -schedulerPrefs 00
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19.7 ms/s 25.0 Process [PID 1794] /usr/lib/firefox/firefox -contentproc -childID 4 -isForBrowser -prefsLen 5814 -prefMapSize 173895 -schedulerPrefs 00
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1.9 ms/s 31.5 Process [PID 1596] /usr/lib/firefox/firefox -contentproc -childID 1 -isForBrowser -prefsLen 1 -prefMapSize 173895 -schedulerPrefs 0001,
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3.1 ms/s 29.9 Process [PID 1535] /usr/lib/firefox/firefox --new-window
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7.1 ms/s 28.2 Process [PID 1488] /usr/lib/firefox/firefox --new-window
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1.8 ms/s 29.5 Process [PID 1762] /usr/lib/firefox/firefox -contentproc -childID 3 -isForBrowser -prefsLen 5814 -prefMapSize 173895 -schedulerPrefs 00
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8.8 ms/s 23.3 Process [PID 1121] /usr/bin/gnome-shell
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1.2 ms/s 21.8 Process [PID 1657] /usr/lib/firefox/firefox -contentproc -childID 2 -isForBrowser -prefsLen 920 -prefMapSize 173895 -schedulerPrefs 000
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13.3 ms/s 13.9 Process [PID 1746] /usr/lib/firefox/firefox -contentproc -childID 3 -isForBrowser -prefsLen 5814 -prefMapSize 173895 -schedulerPrefs 00
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2.7 ms/s 11.1 Process [PID 3410] /usr/lib/gnome-terminal-server
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3.8 ms/s 10.8 Process [PID 1057] /usr/lib/Xorg vt2 -displayfd 3 -auth /run/user/1000/gdm/Xauthority -nolisten tcp -background none -noreset -keeptty
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3.1 ms/s 9.8 Process [PID 1629] /usr/lib/firefox/firefox -contentproc -childID 2 -isForBrowser -prefsLen 920 -prefMapSize 173895 -schedulerPrefs 000
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0.9 ms/s 6.7 Interrupt [136] xhci_hcd
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278.0 us/s 6.4 Process [PID 414] [irq/141-iwlwifi]
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128.7 us/s 5.7 Process [PID 1] /sbin/init
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118.5 us/s 5.2 Process [PID 10] [rcu_preempt]
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49.0 us/s 4.7 Interrupt [0] HI_SOFTIRQ
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459.3 us/s 3.1 Interrupt [142] i915
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2.1 ms/s 2.3 Process [PID 3451] powertop
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8.4 us/s 2.7 kWork intel_atomic_helper_free_state_
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1.2 ms/s 1.8 kWork intel_atomic_commit_work
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374.2 us/s 2.1 Interrupt [9] acpi
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42.1 us/s 1.8 kWork intel_atomic_cleanup_work
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3.5 ms/s 0.25 kWork delayed_fput
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238.0 us/s 1.5 Process [PID 907] /usr/lib/upowerd
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17.7 us/s 1.5 Timer intel_uncore_fw_release_timer
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26.4 us/s 1.4 Process [PID 576] [i915/signal:0]
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19.8 us/s 1.3 Timer watchdog_timer_fn
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1.1 ms/s 0.00 Process [PID 206] [kworker/7:2]
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2.4 ms/s 0.00 Interrupt [1] timer(softirq)
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13.4 us/s 0.9 Process [PID 9] [ksoftirqd/0]
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Exit | / Navigate |
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```
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The powertop output looks similar to the above screenshot, it will be slightly different based on your hardware. This have many screen you can switch between screen the using `Tab` and `Shift+Tab` button.
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### Idle Stats Tab
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It displays various information about the processor.
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```
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PowerTOP v2.9 Overview Idle stats Frequency stats Device stats Tunables
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Package | Core | CPU 0 CPU 4
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| | C0 active 6.7% 7.2%
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| | POLL 0.0% 0.1 ms 0.0% 0.1 ms
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| | C1E 1.2% 0.2 ms 1.6% 0.3 ms
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C2 (pc2) 7.5% | |
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C3 (pc3) 25.2% | C3 (cc3) 0.7% | C3 0.5% 0.2 ms 0.6% 0.1 ms
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C6 (pc6) 0.0% | C6 (cc6) 7.1% | C6 6.6% 0.5 ms 6.3% 0.5 ms
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C7 (pc7) 0.0% | C7 (cc7) 59.8% | C7s 0.0% 0.0 ms 0.0% 0.0 ms
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C8 (pc8) 0.0% | | C8 33.9% 1.6 ms 32.3% 1.5 ms
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C9 (pc9) 0.0% | | C9 2.1% 3.4 ms 0.7% 2.8 ms
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C10 (pc10) 0.0% | | C10 39.5% 4.7 ms 41.4% 4.7 ms
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| Core | CPU 1 CPU 5
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| | C0 active 8.3% 7.2%
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| | POLL 0.0% 0.0 ms 0.0% 0.1 ms
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| | C1E 1.3% 0.2 ms 1.4% 0.3 ms
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| |
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| C3 (cc3) 0.5% | C3 0.5% 0.2 ms 0.4% 0.2 ms
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| C6 (cc6) 6.0% | C6 5.3% 0.5 ms 4.7% 0.5 ms
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| C7 (cc7) 59.3% | C7s 0.0% 0.8 ms 0.0% 1.0 ms
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| | C8 27.2% 1.5 ms 23.8% 1.4 ms
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| | C9 1.6% 3.0 ms 0.5% 3.0 ms
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| | C10 44.5% 4.7 ms 52.2% 4.6 ms
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| Core | CPU 2 CPU 6
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| | C0 active 11.2% 8.4%
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| | POLL 0.0% 0.0 ms 0.0% 0.0 ms
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| | C1E 1.4% 0.4 ms 1.3% 0.3 ms
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| |
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| C3 (cc3) 0.3% | C3 0.2% 0.1 ms 0.4% 0.2 ms
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| C6 (cc6) 4.0% | C6 3.7% 0.5 ms 4.3% 0.5 ms
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| C7 (cc7) 54.2% | C7s 0.0% 0.0 ms 0.0% 1.0 ms
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| | C8 20.0% 1.5 ms 20.7% 1.4 ms
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| | C9 1.0% 3.4 ms 0.4% 3.8 ms
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| | C10 48.8% 4.6 ms 52.3% 5.0 ms
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| Core | CPU 3 CPU 7
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| | C0 active 8.8% 8.1%
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| | POLL 0.0% 0.1 ms 0.0% 0.0 ms
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| | C1E 1.2% 0.2 ms 1.2% 0.2 ms
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| C3 (cc3) 0.6% | C3 0.6% 0.2 ms 0.4% 0.2 ms
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| C6 (cc6) 7.0% | C6 7.5% 0.5 ms 4.4% 0.5 ms
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| C7 (cc7) 56.8% | C7s 0.0% 0.0 ms 0.0% 0.9 ms
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| | C8 29.4% 1.4 ms 23.8% 1.4 ms
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| | C9 1.1% 2.7 ms 0.7% 3.9 ms
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| | C10 41.0% 4.0 ms 50.0% 4.8 ms
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Exit | / Navigate |
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```
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### Frequency Stats Tab
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It displays the frequency of CPU.
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```
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PowerTOP v2.9 Overview Idle stats Frequency stats Device stats Tunables
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Package | Core | CPU 0 CPU 4
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| | Average 930 MHz 1101 MHz
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Idle | Idle | Idle
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| Core | CPU 1 CPU 5
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| | Average 1063 MHz 979 MHz
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| Idle | Idle
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| Core | CPU 2 CPU 6
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| | Average 976 MHz 942 MHz
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| Idle | Idle
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| Core | CPU 3 CPU 7
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| | Average 924 MHz 957 MHz
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| Idle | Idle
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```
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### Device Stats Tab
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It displays power usage information against only devices.
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```
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PowerTOP v2.9 Overview Idle stats Frequency stats Device stats Tunables
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The battery reports a discharge rate of 13.8 W
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The power consumed was 280 J
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Usage Device name
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46.7% CPU misc
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46.7% DRAM
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46.7% CPU core
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19.0% Display backlight
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0.0% Audio codec hwC0D0: Realtek
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0.0% USB device: Lenovo EasyCamera (160709000341)
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100.0% PCI Device: Intel Corporation HD Graphics 530
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100.0% Radio device: iwlwifi
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100.0% PCI Device: O2 Micro, Inc. SD/MMC Card Reader Controller
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100.0% PCI Device: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v5/E3-1500 v5/6th Gen Core Processor Host Bridge/DRAM Registers
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100.0% USB device: Lenovo Wireless Optical Mouse N100
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100.0% PCI Device: Intel Corporation Wireless 8260
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100.0% PCI Device: Intel Corporation HM170/QM170 Chipset SATA Controller [AHCI Mode]
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100.0% Radio device: btusb
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100.0% PCI Device: Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #4
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100.0% USB device: xHCI Host Controller
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100.0% PCI Device: Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family USB 3.0 xHCI Controller
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100.0% PCI Device: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller
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100.0% PCI Device: Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #3
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100.0% PCI Device: Samsung Electronics Co Ltd NVMe SSD Controller SM951/PM951
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100.0% PCI Device: Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #2
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100.0% PCI Device: Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #9
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100.0% PCI Device: Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family SMBus
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26.1 pkts/s Network interface: wlp8s0 (iwlwifi)
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0.0% USB device: usb-device-8087-0a2b
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0.0% runtime-reg-dummy
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0.0% Audio codec hwC0D2: Intel
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0.0 pkts/s Network interface: enp9s0 (r8168)
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0.0% PCI Device: Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family Power Management Controller
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0.0% PCI Device: Intel Corporation HM170 Chipset LPC/eSPI Controller
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0.0% PCI Device: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v5/E3-1500 v5/6th Gen Core Processor PCIe Controller (x16)
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0.0% PCI Device: Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family MEI Controller #1
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0.0% PCI Device: NVIDIA Corporation GM107M [GeForce GTX 960M]
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0.0% I2C Adapter (i2c-8): nvkm-0000:01:00.0-bus-0005
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0.0% runtime-PNP0C14:00
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0.0% PCI Device: Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family HD Audio Controller
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0.0% runtime-PNP0C0C:00
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0.0% USB device: xHCI Host Controller
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0.0% runtime-ACPI000C:00
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0.0% runtime-regulatory.0
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0.0% runtime-PNP0C14:01
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0.0% runtime-vesa-framebuffer.0
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0.0% runtime-coretemp.0
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0.0% runtime-alarmtimer
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Exit | / Navigate |
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```
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### Tunables Stats Tab
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This tab is important area that provides suggestions to optimize your laptop battery.
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```
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PowerTOP v2.9 Overview Idle stats Frequency stats Device stats Tunables
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>> Bad Enable SATA link power management for host2
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Bad Enable SATA link power management for host3
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Bad Enable SATA link power management for host0
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Bad Enable SATA link power management for host1
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Bad VM writeback timeout
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Bad Autosuspend for USB device Lenovo Wireless Optical Mouse N100 [1-2]
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Good Bluetooth device interface status
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Good Enable Audio codec power management
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Good NMI watchdog should be turned off
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Good Runtime PM for I2C Adapter i2c-7 (nvkm-0000:01:00.0-bus-0002)
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Good Autosuspend for unknown USB device 1-11 (8087:0a2b)
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Good Runtime PM for I2C Adapter i2c-3 (i915 gmbus dpd)
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Good Autosuspend for USB device Lenovo EasyCamera [160709000341]
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Good Runtime PM for I2C Adapter i2c-1 (i915 gmbus dpc)
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Good Runtime PM for I2C Adapter i2c-12 (nvkm-0000:01:00.0-bus-0009)
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Good Autosuspend for USB device xHCI Host Controller [usb1]
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Good Runtime PM for I2C Adapter i2c-13 (nvkm-0000:01:00.0-aux-000a)
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Good Runtime PM for I2C Adapter i2c-2 (i915 gmbus dpb)
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Good Runtime PM for I2C Adapter i2c-8 (nvkm-0000:01:00.0-bus-0005)
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Good Runtime PM for I2C Adapter i2c-15 (nvkm-0000:01:00.0-aux-000c)
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Good Runtime PM for I2C Adapter i2c-16 (nvkm-0000:01:00.0-aux-000d)
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Good Runtime PM for I2C Adapter i2c-5 (nvkm-0000:01:00.0-bus-0000)
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Good Runtime PM for I2C Adapter i2c-0 (SMBus I801 adapter at 6040)
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Good Runtime PM for I2C Adapter i2c-11 (nvkm-0000:01:00.0-bus-0008)
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Good Runtime PM for I2C Adapter i2c-14 (nvkm-0000:01:00.0-aux-000b)
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Good Autosuspend for USB device xHCI Host Controller [usb2]
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Good Runtime PM for I2C Adapter i2c-9 (nvkm-0000:01:00.0-bus-0006)
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Good Runtime PM for I2C Adapter i2c-10 (nvkm-0000:01:00.0-bus-0007)
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Good Runtime PM for I2C Adapter i2c-6 (nvkm-0000:01:00.0-bus-0001)
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Good Runtime PM for PCI Device Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family HD Audio Controller
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Good Runtime PM for PCI Device Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family USB 3.0 xHCI Controller
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Good Runtime PM for PCI Device Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v5/E3-1500 v5/6th Gen Core Processor Host Bridge/DRAM Registers
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Good Runtime PM for PCI Device Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #9
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Good Runtime PM for PCI Device Intel Corporation HD Graphics 530
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Good Runtime PM for PCI Device Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller
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Good Runtime PM for PCI Device Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #3
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Good Runtime PM for PCI Device O2 Micro, Inc. SD/MMC Card Reader Controller
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Good Runtime PM for PCI Device Intel Corporation HM170 Chipset LPC/eSPI Controller
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Good Runtime PM for PCI Device Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family MEI Controller #1
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Good Runtime PM for PCI Device Samsung Electronics Co Ltd NVMe SSD Controller SM951/PM951
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Good Runtime PM for PCI Device Intel Corporation HM170/QM170 Chipset SATA Controller [AHCI Mode]
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Good Runtime PM for PCI Device Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family Power Management Controller
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Good Runtime PM for PCI Device Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #2
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Good Runtime PM for PCI Device Intel Corporation Wireless 8260
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Good Runtime PM for PCI Device Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v5/E3-1500 v5/6th Gen Core Processor PCIe Controller (x16)
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Good Runtime PM for PCI Device Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #4
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Good Runtime PM for PCI Device Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family SMBus
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Good Runtime PM for PCI Device NVIDIA Corporation GM107M [GeForce GTX 960M]
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Exit | Toggle tunable | Window refresh
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```
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### How To Generate PowerTop HTML Report
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Run the following command to generate the PowerTop HTML report.
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```
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$ sudo powertop --html=powertop.html
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modprobe cpufreq_stats failedLoaded 100 prior measurements
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Cannot load from file /var/cache/powertop/saved_parameters.powertop
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File will be loaded after taking minimum number of measurement(s) with battery only
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RAPL device for cpu 0
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RAPL Using PowerCap Sysfs : Domain Mask f
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RAPL device for cpu 0
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RAPL Using PowerCap Sysfs : Domain Mask f
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Devfreq not enabled
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glob returned GLOB_ABORTED
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Cannot load from file /var/cache/powertop/saved_parameters.powertop
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File will be loaded after taking minimum number of measurement(s) with battery only
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Preparing to take measurements
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||
To show power estimates do 182 measurement(s) connected to battery only
|
||
Taking 1 measurement(s) for a duration of 20 second(s) each.
|
||
PowerTOP outputing using base filename powertop.html
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
Navigate to `file:///home/daygeek/powertop.html` file to access the generated PowerTOP HTML report.
|
||
![][9]
|
||
|
||
### Auto-Tune mode
|
||
|
||
This feature sets all tunable options from `BAD` to `GOOD` which increase the laptop battery life in Linux.
|
||
|
||
```
|
||
$ sudo powertop --auto-tune
|
||
modprobe cpufreq_stats failedLoaded 210 prior measurements
|
||
Cannot load from file /var/cache/powertop/saved_parameters.powertop
|
||
File will be loaded after taking minimum number of measurement(s) with battery only
|
||
RAPL device for cpu 0
|
||
RAPL Using PowerCap Sysfs : Domain Mask f
|
||
RAPL device for cpu 0
|
||
RAPL Using PowerCap Sysfs : Domain Mask f
|
||
Devfreq not enabled
|
||
glob returned GLOB_ABORTED
|
||
Cannot load from file /var/cache/powertop/saved_parameters.powertop
|
||
File will be loaded after taking minimum number of measurement(s) with battery only
|
||
To show power estimates do 72 measurement(s) connected to battery only
|
||
Leaving PowerTOP
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
via: https://www.2daygeek.com/powertop-monitors-laptop-battery-usage-linux/
|
||
|
||
作者：[Vinoth Kumar][a]
|
||
选题：[lujun9972][b]
|
||
译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID)
|
||
校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID)
|
||
|
||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||
|
||
[a]: https://www.2daygeek.com/author/vinoth/
|
||
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
|
||
[1]: https://www.2daygeek.com/category/package-management/
|
||
[2]: https://www.2daygeek.com/dnf-command-examples-manage-packages-fedora-system/
|
||
[3]: https://www.2daygeek.com/apt-get-apt-cache-command-examples-manage-packages-debian-ubuntu-systems/
|
||
[4]: https://www.2daygeek.com/apt-command-examples-manage-packages-debian-ubuntu-systems/
|
||
[5]: https://www.2daygeek.com/pacman-command-examples-manage-packages-arch-linux-system/
|
||
[6]: https://www.2daygeek.com/yum-command-examples-manage-packages-rhel-centos-systems/
|
||
[7]: https://www.2daygeek.com/zypper-command-examples-manage-packages-opensuse-system/
|
||
[8]: data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7
|
||
[9]: https://www.2daygeek.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/powertop-html-output.jpg
|