mirror of
https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject.git
synced 2024-12-26 21:30:55 +08:00
324 lines
8.6 KiB
Markdown
324 lines
8.6 KiB
Markdown
在CentOS 7.x / Fedora 21 上面体验 PHP 7.0
|
||
===============================================================================
|
||
|
||
PHP是一种为我们熟知的通用服务器网页脚本语言。非常多的在线网站都是用PHP编写的。PHP这些年来一直在持续进化，丰富其功能，变得易于使用，更好地组织的脚本语言。目前PHP的开发团队正筹备下一个PHP版本的发行，名字是PHP 7。现在的PHP版本为PHP 5.6，可能你清楚PHP 6已经流产了，PHP 7的支持者们不希望下一个重要的版本被其他分支混淆，即过去已经停止很久的PHP 6。所以决定下一个PHP主要的发行版本叫PHP 7，而不是PHP 6。PHP 7.0预计在今年十一月份发行。
|
||
|
||
在下一代主要PHP版本里有一些不错的功能：
|
||
|
||
- 为了改善执行效率与内存占用，新的版本添加了PHPNG功能。
|
||
- 引入了JIT引擎来动态编译Zend操作码为自然机器码，以此来达到更快的处理性能。这项功能允许随后的程序调用同一份代码，这样会运行快很多。
|
||
- AST（抽象语法树）是最新添加的功能，它可以增强支持PHP的扩展性和用户应用。
|
||
- 添加异步编程功能以支持同一个请求中的并行任务。
|
||
- 新的版本会支持独立的多线程网页服务器，这样可以使用一个单独的存储池处理很多并发的请求。
|
||
|
||
### 在CentOS/Fedora上安装PHP 7 ###
|
||
|
||
让我们来看看怎样在CentOS 7和Fedora 21安装PHP7。为了安装PHP7，我们首先需要克隆php-src 仓库。当克隆工作完成，我们再配置和编译它。进行下一步之前，我们要确保已经在LInux系统下安装了如下的组件，否则PHP编译会返回错误中止。
|
||
|
||
- Git
|
||
- autoconf
|
||
- gcc
|
||
- bison
|
||
|
||
所有上面提到的要求可以使用Yum软件包管理器安装。以下一条命令即可完成：
|
||
|
||
yum install git autoconf gcc bison
|
||
|
||
准备好开始安装PHP7了吗？让我们先创建一个PHP7目录，作为你的当前工作目录。
|
||
|
||
mkdir php7
|
||
|
||
cd php7
|
||
|
||
现在克隆php-src仓库，在终端里运行下面的命令。
|
||
|
||
git clone https://git.php.net/repository/php-src.git
|
||
|
||
工作应该会在几分钟后完成，这里是一个样例输出，你应该会在任务完成时看见。
|
||
|
||
[root@localhost php7]# git clone https://git.php.net/repository/php-src.git
|
||
|
||
Cloning into 'php-src'...
|
||
|
||
remote: Counting objects: 615064, done.
|
||
|
||
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (127800/127800), done.
|
||
|
||
remote: Total 615064 (delta 492063), reused 608718 (delta 485944)
|
||
|
||
Receiving objects: 100% (615064/615064), 152.32 MiB | 16.97 MiB/s, done.
|
||
|
||
Resolving deltas: 100% (492063/492063), done.
|
||
|
||
让我们来配置，编译PHP7，在终端运行下面的命令，开始配置工作：
|
||
|
||
cd php-src
|
||
|
||
./buildconf
|
||
|
||
下面是./buildconf命令的样例输出。
|
||
|
||
[root@localhost php-src]# ./buildconf
|
||
|
||
buildconf: checking installation...
|
||
|
||
buildconf: autoconf version 2.69 (ok)
|
||
|
||
rebuilding aclocal.m4
|
||
|
||
rebuilding configure
|
||
|
||
rebuilding main/php_config.h.in
|
||
|
||
使用下面的命令，继续配置进程：
|
||
|
||
./configure \
|
||
|
||
--prefix=$HOME/php7/usr \
|
||
|
||
--with-config-file-path=$HOME/php7/usr/etc \
|
||
|
||
--enable-mbstring \
|
||
|
||
--enable-zip \
|
||
|
||
--enable-bcmath \
|
||
|
||
--enable-pcntl \
|
||
|
||
--enable-ftp \
|
||
|
||
--enable-exif \
|
||
|
||
--enable-calendar \
|
||
|
||
--enable-sysvmsg \
|
||
|
||
--enable-sysvsem \
|
||
|
||
--enable-sysvshm \
|
||
|
||
--enable-wddx \
|
||
|
||
--with-curl \
|
||
|
||
--with-mcrypt \
|
||
|
||
--with-iconv \
|
||
|
||
--with-gmp \
|
||
|
||
--with-pspell \
|
||
|
||
--with-gd \
|
||
|
||
--with-jpeg-dir=/usr \
|
||
|
||
--with-png-dir=/usr \
|
||
|
||
--with-zlib-dir=/usr \
|
||
|
||
--with-xpm-dir=/usr \
|
||
|
||
--with-freetype-dir=/usr \
|
||
|
||
--with-t1lib=/usr \
|
||
|
||
--enable-gd-native-ttf \
|
||
|
||
--enable-gd-jis-conv \
|
||
|
||
--with-openssl \
|
||
|
||
--with-mysql=/usr \
|
||
|
||
--with-pdo-mysql=/usr \
|
||
|
||
--with-gettext=/usr \
|
||
|
||
--with-zlib=/usr \
|
||
|
||
--with-bz2=/usr \
|
||
|
||
--with-recode=/usr \
|
||
|
||
--with-mysqli=/usr/bin/mysql_config
|
||
|
||
这会花去不少的时间，当完成后你应该会看到如下面的输出：
|
||
|
||
creating libtool
|
||
|
||
appending configuration tag "CXX" to libtool
|
||
|
||
Generating files
|
||
|
||
configure: creating ./config.status
|
||
|
||
creating main/internal_functions.c
|
||
|
||
creating main/internal_functions_cli.c
|
||
|
||
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
||
|
||
| License: |
|
||
|
||
| This software is subject to the PHP License, available in this |
|
||
|
||
| distribution in the file LICENSE. By continuing this installation |
|
||
|
||
| process, you are bound by the terms of this license agreement. |
|
||
|
||
| If you do not agree with the terms of this license, you must abort |
|
||
|
||
| the installation process at this point. |
|
||
|
||
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
Thank you for using PHP.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
config.status: creating php7.spec
|
||
|
||
config.status: creating main/build-defs.h
|
||
|
||
config.status: creating scripts/phpize
|
||
|
||
config.status: creating scripts/man1/phpize.1
|
||
|
||
config.status: creating scripts/php-config
|
||
|
||
config.status: creating scripts/man1/php-config.1
|
||
|
||
config.status: creating sapi/cli/php.1
|
||
|
||
config.status: creating sapi/cgi/php-cgi.1
|
||
|
||
config.status: creating ext/phar/phar.1
|
||
|
||
config.status: creating ext/phar/phar.phar.1
|
||
|
||
config.status: creating main/php_config.h
|
||
|
||
config.status: executing default commands
|
||
|
||
|
||
运行下面的命令，完成编译过程。
|
||
|
||
make
|
||
|
||
“make”命令的样例输出如下所示：
|
||
|
||
Generating phar.php
|
||
|
||
Generating phar.phar
|
||
|
||
PEAR package PHP_Archive not installed: generated phar will require PHP's phar extension be enabled.
|
||
|
||
clicommand.inc
|
||
|
||
directorytreeiterator.inc
|
||
|
||
directorygraphiterator.inc
|
||
|
||
pharcommand.inc
|
||
|
||
invertedregexiterator.inc
|
||
|
||
phar.inc
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
Build complete.
|
||
|
||
Don't forget to run 'make test'.
|
||
|
||
活儿干完了，该安装PHP7了，运行下面的命令安装它。
|
||
|
||
make install
|
||
|
||
成功安装的进程的样例输出应该像这样：
|
||
|
||
[root@localhost php-src]# make install
|
||
|
||
Installing shared extensions: /root/php7/usr/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20141001/
|
||
|
||
Installing PHP CLI binary: /root/php7/usr/bin/
|
||
|
||
Installing PHP CLI man page: /root/php7/usr/php/man/man1/
|
||
|
||
Installing PHP CGI binary: /root/php7/usr/bin/
|
||
|
||
Installing PHP CGI man page: /root/php7/usr/php/man/man1/
|
||
|
||
Installing build environment: /root/php7/usr/lib/php/build/
|
||
|
||
Installing header files: /root/php7/usr/include/php/
|
||
|
||
Installing helper programs: /root/php7/usr/bin/
|
||
|
||
program: phpize
|
||
|
||
program: php-config
|
||
|
||
Installing man pages: /root/php7/usr/php/man/man1/
|
||
|
||
page: phpize.1
|
||
|
||
page: php-config.1
|
||
|
||
Installing PEAR environment: /root/php7/usr/lib/php/
|
||
|
||
[PEAR] Archive_Tar - installed: 1.3.13
|
||
|
||
[PEAR] Console_Getopt - installed: 1.3.1
|
||
|
||
[PEAR] Structures_Graph- installed: 1.0.4
|
||
|
||
[PEAR] XML_Util - installed: 1.2.3
|
||
|
||
[PEAR] PEAR - installed: 1.9.5
|
||
|
||
Wrote PEAR system config file at: /root/php7/usr/etc/pear.conf
|
||
|
||
You may want to add: /root/php7/usr/lib/php to your php.ini include_path
|
||
|
||
/root/php7/php-src/build/shtool install -c ext/phar/phar.phar /root/php7/usr/bin
|
||
|
||
ln -s -f /root/php7/usr/bin/phar.phar /root/php7/usr/bin/phar
|
||
|
||
Installing PDO headers: /root/php7/usr/include/php/ext/pdo/
|
||
|
||
恭喜你，PHP7已经安装在你的Linux系统上了。安装完后，进入PHP7安装文件里的sapi/cli里面。
|
||
|
||
cd sapi/cli
|
||
|
||
验证一下PHP的版本。
|
||
|
||
[root@localhost cli]# ./php -v
|
||
|
||
PHP 7.0.0-dev (cli) (built: Mar 28 2015 00:54:11)
|
||
|
||
Copyright (c) 1997-2015 The PHP Group
|
||
|
||
Zend Engine v3.0.0-dev, Copyright (c) 1998-2015 Zend Technologies
|
||
|
||
### 总结 ###
|
||
|
||
PHP 7也[添加到了remi仓库][1]，这个即将到来的版本主要关注执行效率的提升，它的新特性致力于使PHP较好满足现代编程的需求和趋势。PHP 7.0将会有许多新的特性、丢弃一些老版本的东西。在接下来的日子里，我们希望看到新特性和弃用功能的具体情况。希望你喜欢！
|
||
|
||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
via: http://linoxide.com/linux-how-to/install-php-7-centos-7-fedora-21/
|
||
|
||
作者：[Aun Raza][a]
|
||
译者：[wi-cuckoo](https://github.com/wi-cuckoo)
|
||
校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
|
||
|
||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||
|
||
[a]:http://linoxide.com/author/arunrz/
|
||
[1]:http://blog.famillecollet.com/post/2015/03/25/PHP-7.0-as-Software-Collection
|