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208 lines
8.4 KiB
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208 lines
8.4 KiB
Markdown
[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: (geekpi)
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[#]: reviewer: (wxy)
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[#]: publisher: (wxy)
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[#]: url: (https://linux.cn/article-11352-1.html)
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[#]: subject: (How to Get Average CPU and Memory Usage from SAR Reports Using the Bash Script)
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[#]: via: (https://www.2daygeek.com/linux-get-average-cpu-memory-utilization-from-sar-data-report/)
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[#]: author: (Magesh Maruthamuthu https://www.2daygeek.com/author/magesh/)
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如何使用 Bash 脚本从 SAR 报告中获取 CPU 和内存使用情况
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======
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大多数 Linux 管理员使用 [SAR 报告][1]监控系统性能，因为它会收集一周的性能数据。但是，你可以通过更改 `/etc/sysconfig/sysstat` 文件轻松地将其延长到四周。同样，这段时间可以延长一个月以上。如果超过 28，那么日志文件将放在多个目录中，每月一个。
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要将覆盖期延长至 28 天，请对 `/etc/sysconfig/sysstat` 文件做以下更改。
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编辑 `sysstat` 文件并将 `HISTORY=7` 更改为 `HISTORY=28`。
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在本文中，我们添加了三个 bash 脚本，它们可以帮助你在一个地方轻松查看每个数据文件的平均值。
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我们过去加过许多有用的 shell 脚本。如果你想查看它们，请进入下面的链接。
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* [如何使用 shell 脚本自动化日常操作][2]
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这些脚本简单明了。出于测试目的，我们仅包括两个性能指标，即 CPU 和内存。你可以修改脚本中的其他性能指标以满足你的需求。
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### 脚本 1：从 SAR 报告中获取平均 CPU 利用率的 Bash 脚本
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该 bash 脚本从每个数据文件中收集 CPU 平均值并将其显示在一个页面上。
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由于是月末，它显示了 2019 年 8 月的 28 天数据。
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```
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# vi /opt/scripts/sar-cpu-avg.sh
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#!/bin/sh
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echo "+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------+"
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echo "|Average: CPU %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle |"
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echo "+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------+"
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for file in `ls -tr /var/log/sa/sa* | grep -v sar`
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do
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dat=`sar -f $file | head -n 1 | awk '{print $4}'`
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echo -n $dat
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sar -f $file | grep -i Average | sed "s/Average://"
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done
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echo "+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------+"
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```
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运行脚本后，你将看到如下输出。
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```
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# sh /opt/scripts/sar-cpu-avg.sh
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+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
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|Average: CPU %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle |
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+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
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08/01/2019 all 0.70 0.00 1.19 0.00 0.00 98.10
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08/02/2019 all 1.73 0.00 3.16 0.01 0.00 95.10
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08/03/2019 all 1.73 0.00 3.16 0.01 0.00 95.11
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08/04/2019 all 1.02 0.00 1.80 0.00 0.00 97.18
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08/05/2019 all 0.68 0.00 1.08 0.01 0.00 98.24
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08/06/2019 all 0.71 0.00 1.17 0.00 0.00 98.12
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08/07/2019 all 1.79 0.00 3.17 0.01 0.00 95.03
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08/08/2019 all 1.78 0.00 3.14 0.01 0.00 95.08
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08/09/2019 all 1.07 0.00 1.82 0.00 0.00 97.10
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08/10/2019 all 0.38 0.00 0.50 0.00 0.00 99.12
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.
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.
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.
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08/29/2019 all 1.50 0.00 2.33 0.00 0.00 96.17
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08/30/2019 all 2.32 0.00 3.47 0.01 0.00 94.20
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+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
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```
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### 脚本 2：从 SAR 报告中获取平均内存利用率的 Bash 脚本
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该 bash 脚本从每个数据文件中收集内存平均值并将其显示在一个页面上。
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由于是月末，它显示了 2019 年 8 月的 28 天数据。
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```
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# vi /opt/scripts/sar-memory-avg.sh
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#!/bin/sh
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echo "+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+"
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echo "|Average: kbmemfree kbmemused %memused kbbuffers kbcached kbcommit %commit kbactive kbinact kbdirty |"
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echo "+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+"
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for file in `ls -tr /var/log/sa/sa* | grep -v sar`
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do
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dat=`sar -f $file | head -n 1 | awk '{print $4}'`
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echo -n $dat
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sar -r -f $file | grep -i Average | sed "s/Average://"
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done
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echo "+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+"
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```
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运行脚本后，你将看到如下输出。
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```
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# sh /opt/scripts/sar-memory-avg.sh
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+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
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|Average: kbmemfree kbmemused %memused kbbuffers kbcached kbcommit %commit kbactive kbinact kbdirty |
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+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
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08/01/2019 1492331 2388461 61.55 29888 1152142 1560615 12.72 1693031 380472 6
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08/02/2019 1493126 2387666 61.53 29888 1147811 1569624 12.79 1696387 373346 3
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08/03/2019 1489582 2391210 61.62 29888 1147076 1581711 12.89 1701480 370325 3
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08/04/2019 1490403 2390389 61.60 29888 1148206 1569671 12.79 1697654 373484 4
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08/05/2019 1484506 2396286 61.75 29888 1152409 1563804 12.75 1702424 374628 4
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08/06/2019 1473593 2407199 62.03 29888 1151137 1577491 12.86 1715426 371000 8
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08/07/2019 1467150 2413642 62.19 29888 1155639 1596653 13.01 1716900 372574 13
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08/08/2019 1451366 2429426 62.60 29888 1162253 1604672 13.08 1725931 376998 5
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08/09/2019 1451191 2429601 62.61 29888 1158696 1582192 12.90 1728819 371025 4
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08/10/2019 1450050 2430742 62.64 29888 1160916 1579888 12.88 1729975 370844 5
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.
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.
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.
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08/29/2019 1365699 2515093 64.81 29888 1198832 1593567 12.99 1781733 376157 15
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08/30/2019 1361920 2518872 64.91 29888 1200785 1595105 13.00 1784556 375641 8
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+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
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```
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### 脚本 3：从 SAR 报告中获取 CPU 和内存平均利用率的 Bash 脚本
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该 bash 脚本从每个数据文件中收集 CPU 和内存平均值并将其显示在一个页面上。
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该脚本与上面相比稍微不同。它在同一位置同时显示两者（CPU 和内存）平均值，而不是其他数据。
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```
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# vi /opt/scripts/sar-cpu-mem-avg.sh
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#!/bin/bash
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for file in `ls -tr /var/log/sa/sa* | grep -v sar`
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do
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sar -f $file | head -n 1 | awk '{print $4}'
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echo "-----------"
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sar -u -f $file | awk '/Average:/{printf("CPU Average: %.2f%\n"), 100 - $8}'
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sar -r -f $file | awk '/Average:/{printf("Memory Average: %.2f%\n"),(($3-$5-$6)/($2+$3)) * 100 }'
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printf "\n"
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done
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```
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运行脚本后，你将看到如下输出。
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```
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# sh /opt/scripts/sar-cpu-mem-avg.sh
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08/01/2019
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-----------
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CPU Average: 1.90%
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Memory Average: 31.09%
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08/02/2019
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-----------
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CPU Average: 4.90%
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Memory Average: 31.18%
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08/03/2019
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-----------
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CPU Average: 4.89%
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Memory Average: 31.29%
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08/04/2019
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-----------
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CPU Average: 2.82%
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Memory Average: 31.24%
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08/05/2019
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-----------
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CPU Average: 1.76%
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Memory Average: 31.28%
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.
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.
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.
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08/29/2019
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-----------
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CPU Average: 3.83%
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Memory Average: 33.15%
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08/30/2019
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-----------
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CPU Average: 5.80%
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Memory Average: 33.19%
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```
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://www.2daygeek.com/linux-get-average-cpu-memory-utilization-from-sar-data-report/
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作者：[Magesh Maruthamuthu][a]
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
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译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
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校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://www.2daygeek.com/author/magesh/
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://www.2daygeek.com/sar-system-performance-monitoring-command-tool-linux/
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[2]: https://www.2daygeek.com/category/shell-script/
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