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356 lines
16 KiB
Markdown
Linux网络统计工具/命令
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================================================================================
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我在Linux(基于CentOS 或者 Debian 的发行版)中该如何查看当前网络端口吞吐量的统计信息？在Linux操作系统中如何查看当前内核snmp计数器以及网络端口的统计信息？
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你可以使用以下任何一个命令：
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### nstat 命令 : 网络统计工具 ###
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键入以下命令:
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# nstat
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输出样例:
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#kernel
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IpInReceives 133243 0.0
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IpInDelivers 133243 0.0
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IpOutRequests 92904 0.0
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IcmpOutErrors 97 0.0
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IcmpOutTimeExcds 97 0.0
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IcmpMsgOutType3 97 0.0
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TcpActiveOpens 538 0.0
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TcpEstabResets 56 0.0
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TcpInSegs 129837 0.0
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TcpOutSegs 89720 0.0
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TcpRetransSegs 42 0.0
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TcpOutRsts 704 0.0
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UdpInDatagrams 3255 0.0
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UdpNoPorts 97 0.0
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UdpOutDatagrams 3270 0.0
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Ip6OutNoRoutes 206 0.0
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TcpExtTW 141 0.0
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TcpExtDelayedACKs 508 0.0
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TcpExtDelayedACKLocked 1 0.0
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TcpExtDelayedACKLost 42 0.0
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TcpExtTCPHPHits 117659 0.0
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TcpExtTCPPureAcks 2158 0.0
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TcpExtTCPHPAcks 605 0.0
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TcpExtTCPSackRecovery 1 0.0
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TcpExtTCPLossUndo 16 0.0
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TcpExtTCPSackFailures 4 0.0
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TcpExtTCPFastRetrans 1 0.0
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TcpExtTCPSlowStartRetrans 3 0.0
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TcpExtTCPTimeouts 33 0.0
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TcpExtTCPDSACKOldSent 40 0.0
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TcpExtTCPDSACKRecv 5 0.0
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TcpExtTCPAbortOnData 120 0.0
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TcpExtTCPAbortOnClose 55 0.0
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TcpExtTCPSackShiftFallback 9 0.0
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IpExtInOctets 180131682 0.0
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IpExtOutOctets 7289106 0.0
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### ss 命令 : 查询套接字工具 ###
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要查看统计汇总, 输入:
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# ss -s
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输出样例:
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Total: 786 (kernel 804)
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TCP: 65 (estab 40, closed 7, orphaned 0, synrecv 0, timewait 6/0), ports 56
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Transport Total IP IPv6
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* 804 - -
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RAW 1 1 0
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UDP 12 9 3
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TCP 58 52 6
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INET 71 62 9
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FRAG 0 0 0
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查看[ss 命令教程][1] 获取更多信息。
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### netstat 命令 : 不错的显示套接字信息的旧工具 ###
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查看所有网络端口以及汇总信息表，输入：
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# netstat -i
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输出样例:
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Kernel Interface table
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Iface MTU Met RX-OK RX-ERR RX-DRP RX-OVR TX-OK TX-ERR TX-DRP TX-OVR Flg
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eth0 1500 0 941022 0 0 0 688165 0 0 0 BMRU
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lo 16436 0 9304 0 0 0 9304 0 0 0 LRU
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ppp0 1496 0 3784 0 0 0 4177 0 0 0 MOPRU
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查看每个协议的汇总统计信息，输入：
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# netstat -s
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输出样例:
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Ip:
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1092065 total packets received
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0 forwarded
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0 incoming packets discarded
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1091681 incoming packets delivered
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798913 requests sent out
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895 dropped because of missing route
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759 reassemblies required
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375 packets reassembled ok
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Icmp:
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17 ICMP messages received
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0 input ICMP message failed.
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ICMP input histogram:
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timeout in transit: 8
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echo replies: 9
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1747 ICMP messages sent
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0 ICMP messages failed
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ICMP output histogram:
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destination unreachable: 1730
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echo request: 17
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IcmpMsg:
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InType0: 9
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InType11: 8
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OutType3: 1730
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OutType8: 17
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Tcp:
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4822 active connections openings
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1129 passive connection openings
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457 failed connection attempts
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165 connection resets received
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7 connections established
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1062519 segments received
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771394 segments send out
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7158 segments retransmited
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6 bad segments received.
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2578 resets sent
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Udp:
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20846 packets received
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1730 packets to unknown port received.
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0 packet receive errors
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19242 packets sent
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UdpLite:
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TcpExt:
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71 invalid SYN cookies received
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8 resets received for embryonic SYN_RECV sockets
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142 packets pruned from receive queue because of socket buffer overrun
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2109 TCP sockets finished time wait in fast timer
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84 packets rejects in established connections because of timestamp
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19454 delayed acks sent
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6 delayed acks further delayed because of locked socket
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Quick ack mode was activated 7306 times
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1 packets directly queued to recvmsg prequeue.
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1 bytes directly received in process context from prequeue
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823921 packet headers predicted
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24412 acknowledgments not containing data payload received
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10150 predicted acknowledgments
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242 times recovered from packet loss by selective acknowledgements
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33 congestion windows recovered without slow start by DSACK
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335 congestion windows recovered without slow start after partial ack
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336 TCP data loss events
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TCPLostRetransmit: 35
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1 timeouts after reno fast retransmit
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156 timeouts after SACK recovery
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116 timeouts in loss state
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461 fast retransmits
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5 forward retransmits
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608 retransmits in slow start
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2073 other TCP timeouts
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62 SACK retransmits failed
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43074 packets collapsed in receive queue due to low socket buffer
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8499 DSACKs sent for old packets
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101 DSACKs sent for out of order packets
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308 DSACKs received
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9 DSACKs for out of order packets received
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427 connections reset due to unexpected data
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122 connections reset due to early user close
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28 connections aborted due to timeout
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TCPDSACKIgnoredOld: 3
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TCPDSACKIgnoredNoUndo: 60
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TCPSpuriousRTOs: 4
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TCPSackShifted: 282
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TCPSackMerged: 740
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TCPSackShiftFallback: 1017
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IpExt:
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InMcastPkts: 47
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OutMcastPkts: 51
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InBcastPkts: 1
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InOctets: 1341508973
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OutOctets: 72525352
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InMcastOctets: 8649
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OutMcastOctets: 7519
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InBcastOctets: 328
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查看 [netstat 命令教程][2] 获取更多信息。
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### ip / ifconfig 命令 : 配置或者显示网络端口信息 ###
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键入以下命令:
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# ifconfig
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或者
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# /sbin/ifconfig
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或者
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# ifconfig eth0
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----------
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eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr b8:ac:6f:65:31:e5
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inet addr:192.168.1.5 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
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inet6 addr: fe80::baac:6fff:fe65:31e5/64 Scope:Link
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UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
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RX packets:966334 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
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TX packets:703297 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
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collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
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RX bytes:1186255648 (1.1 GiB) TX bytes:73968238 (70.5 MiB)
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Interrupt:17
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lo Link encap:Local Loopback
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inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
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inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
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UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
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RX packets:9666 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
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TX packets:9666 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
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collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
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RX bytes:1399578 (1.3 MiB) TX bytes:1399578 (1.3 MiB)
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ppp0 Link encap:Point-to-Point Protocol
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inet addr:10.1.11.70 P-t-P:10.0.31.18 Mask:255.255.255.255
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UP POINTOPOINT RUNNING NOARP MULTICAST MTU:1496 Metric:1
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RX packets:3784 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
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TX packets:4177 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
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collisions:0 txqueuelen:3
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RX bytes:2400265 (2.2 MiB) TX bytes:275983 (269.5 KiB)
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显示网络端口统计信息，输入：
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# ip -s link
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输出样例:
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1: lo: mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
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link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
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RX: bytes packets errors dropped overrun mcast
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1444187 9960 0 0 0 0
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TX: bytes packets errors dropped carrier collsns
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1444187 9960 0 0 0 0
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2: eth0: mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP qlen 1000
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link/ether b8:ac:6f:65:31:e5 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
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RX: bytes packets errors dropped overrun mcast
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1221956483 991501 0 0 0 24
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TX: bytes packets errors dropped carrier collsns
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75623937 720272 0 0 0 0
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3: wlan0: mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN qlen 1000
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link/ether 00:21:6a:ca:9b:10 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
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RX: bytes packets errors dropped overrun mcast
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0 0 0 0 0 0
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TX: bytes packets errors dropped carrier collsns
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0 0 0 0 0 0
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4: pan0: mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN
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link/ether 4a:c7:5f:0e:8e:d8 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
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RX: bytes packets errors dropped overrun mcast
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0 0 0 0 0 0
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TX: bytes packets errors dropped carrier collsns
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0 0 0 0 0 0
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8: ppp0: mtu 1496 qdisc pfifo_fast state UNKNOWN qlen 3
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link/ppp
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RX: bytes packets errors dropped overrun mcast
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2419881 3848 0 0 0 0
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TX: bytes packets errors dropped carrier collsns
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284151 4287 0 0 0 0
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### sar 命令: 显示网络统计信息 ###
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输入以下命令 (你需要 [通过sysstat包安装并启用sar][3]):
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sar -n DEV
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Linux 2.6.32-220.2.1.el6.x86_64 (www.cyberciti.biz) Tuesday 13 March 2012 _x86_64_ (2 CPU)
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12:00:01 CDT IFACE rxpck/s txpck/s rxkB/s txkB/s rxcmp/s txcmp/s rxmcst/s
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12:10:01 CDT lo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
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12:10:01 CDT eth0 127.13 121.32 95.45 18.34 0.00 0.00 0.00
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12:10:01 CDT eth1 98.48 110.62 16.72 96.33 0.00 0.00 0.00
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12:20:01 CDT lo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
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12:20:01 CDT eth0 139.95 133.41 106.30 19.95 0.00 0.00 0.00
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12:20:01 CDT eth1 110.65 121.85 18.14 107.13 0.00 0.00 0.00
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12:30:01 CDT lo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
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12:30:01 CDT eth0 147.85 132.49 115.78 20.45 0.00 0.00 0.00
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12:30:01 CDT eth1 111.88 127.39 18.61 117.65 0.00 0.00 0.00
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12:40:01 CDT lo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
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12:40:01 CDT eth0 136.75 124.64 105.24 19.48 0.00 0.00 0.00
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12:40:01 CDT eth1 101.65 115.32 17.58 104.50 0.00 0.00 0.00
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12:50:01 CDT lo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
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12:50:01 CDT eth0 131.45 125.69 96.49 19.58 0.00 0.00 0.00
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12:50:01 CDT eth1 101.41 111.31 17.54 96.78 0.00 0.00 0.00
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01:00:01 CDT lo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
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01:00:01 CDT eth0 140.30 133.27 102.17 20.75 0.00 0.00 0.00
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01:00:01 CDT eth1 106.90 119.51 18.53 103.09 0.00 0.00 0.00
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01:10:01 CDT lo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
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01:10:01 CDT eth0 152.03 127.74 125.56 19.85 0.00 0.00 0.00
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01:10:01 CDT eth1 115.60 134.57 18.73 126.96 0.00 0.00 0.00
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01:20:01 CDT lo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
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01:20:01 CDT eth0 138.55 130.55 103.03 20.20 0.00 0.00 0.00
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....
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..
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....
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..
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.
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01:00:01 CDT eth1 156.82 169.48 28.83 138.49 0.00 0.00 0.00
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01:10:01 CDT lo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
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01:10:01 CDT eth0 215.19 194.82 163.11 30.99 0.00 0.00 0.00
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01:10:01 CDT eth1 162.49 183.79 28.36 163.70 0.00 0.00 0.00
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01:20:01 CDT lo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
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01:20:01 CDT eth0 200.20 192.23 140.64 30.93 0.00 0.00 0.00
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01:20:01 CDT eth1 153.60 166.96 27.32 140.26 0.00 0.00 0.00
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01:30:01 CDT lo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
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01:30:01 CDT eth0 111.98 103.58 79.12 16.52 0.00 0.00 0.48
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01:30:01 CDT eth1 87.50 95.58 14.74 79.35 0.00 0.00 0.00
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Average: IFACE rxpck/s txpck/s rxkB/s txkB/s rxcmp/s txcmp/s rxmcst/s
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Average: lo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
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Average: eth0 211.21 196.20 156.18 31.20 0.00 0.00 0.01
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Average: eth1 159.10 174.52 28.00 149.95 0.00 0.00 0.00
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或者输入以下命令:
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# sar -n DEV 1 3
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输出样例:
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Linux 2.6.32-220.2.1.el6.x86_64 (www.cyberciti.biz) Tuesday 13 March 2012 _x86_64_ (2 CPU)
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01:44:03 CDT IFACE rxpck/s txpck/s rxkB/s txkB/s rxcmp/s txcmp/s rxmcst/s
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01:44:04 CDT lo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
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01:44:04 CDT eth0 161.70 154.26 105.20 26.63 0.00 0.00 0.00
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01:44:04 CDT eth1 145.74 142.55 25.11 144.94 0.00 0.00 0.00
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01:44:04 CDT IFACE rxpck/s txpck/s rxkB/s txkB/s rxcmp/s txcmp/s rxmcst/s
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01:44:05 CDT lo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
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01:44:05 CDT eth0 162.14 156.31 107.46 42.18 0.00 0.00 0.00
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01:44:05 CDT eth1 135.92 138.83 39.38 104.92 0.00 0.00 0.00
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01:44:05 CDT IFACE rxpck/s txpck/s rxkB/s txkB/s rxcmp/s txcmp/s rxmcst/s
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01:44:06 CDT lo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
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01:44:06 CDT eth0 303.92 293.14 272.91 37.40 0.00 0.00 0.00
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01:44:06 CDT eth1 252.94 290.20 34.87 263.50 0.00 0.00 0.00
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Average: IFACE rxpck/s txpck/s rxkB/s txkB/s rxcmp/s txcmp/s rxmcst/s
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Average: lo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
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Average: eth0 210.37 202.34 163.19 35.66 0.00 0.00 0.00
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Average: eth1 178.93 191.64 33.36 171.60 0.00 0.00 0.00
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/network-statistics-tools-rhel-centos-debian-linux/
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作者：[nixCraft][a]
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译者：[ictlyh](https://github.com/ictlyh)
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校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/about-us
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[1]:https://linux.cn/article-4372-1.html
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[2]:https://linux.cn/article-2434-1.html
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[3]:http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/identifying-linux-bottlenecks-sar-graphs-with-ksar.html |