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170 lines
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170 lines
5.3 KiB
Markdown
[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: (geekpi)
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[#]: reviewer: (wxy)
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[#]: publisher: (wxy)
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[#]: url: (https://linux.cn/article-12740-1.html)
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[#]: subject: (How to Reduce/Shrink LVM’s \(Logical Volume Resize\) in Linux)
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[#]: via: (https://www.2daygeek.com/reduce-shrink-decrease-resize-lvm-logical-volume-in-linux/)
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[#]: author: (Magesh Maruthamuthu https://www.2daygeek.com/author/magesh/)
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如何在 Linux 中减少/缩小 LVM 大小(逻辑卷调整)
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======
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![](https://img.linux.net.cn/data/attachment/album/202010/21/210459ydp5an23nfzgglyy.jpg)
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减少/缩小逻辑卷是数据损坏的最高风险。
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所以,如果可能的话,尽量避免这种情况,但如果没有其他选择的话,那就继续。
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缩减 LVM 之前,建议先做一个备份。
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当你在 LVM 中的磁盘空间耗尽时,你可以通过缩小现有的没有使用全部空间的 LVM,而不是增加一个新的物理磁盘,在卷组上腾出一些空闲空间。
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**需要注意的是:** 在 GFS2 或者 XFS 文件系统上不支持缩小。
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如果你是逻辑卷管理 (LVM) 的新手,我建议你从我们之前的文章开始学习。
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* **第一部分:[如何在 Linux 中创建/配置 LVM(逻辑卷管理)][1]**
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* **第二部分:[如何在 Linux 中扩展/增加 LVM(逻辑卷调整)][2]**
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![](https://img.linux.net.cn/data/attachment/album/202010/21/210610kikq1xynfje7hjaa.jpeg)
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减少逻辑卷涉及以下步骤:
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* 卸载文件系统
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* 检查文件系统是否有任何错误
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* 缩小文件系统的大小
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* 缩小逻辑卷的大小
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* 重新检查文件系统是否存在错误(可选)
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* 挂载文件系统
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* 检查减少后的文件系统大小
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**比如:** 你有一个 **100GB** 的没有使用全部空间的 LVM,你想把它减少到 **80GB**,这样 **20GB** 可以用于其他用途。
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```
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# df -h /testlvm1
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Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
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/dev/mapper/vg01-lv002 100G 15G 85G 12% /testlvm1
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```
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### 卸载文件系统
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使用 `umount` 命令卸载文件系统:
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```
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# umount /testlvm1
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```
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### 检查文件系统是否有任何错误
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使用 `e2fsck` 命令检查文件系统是否有错误:
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```
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# e2fsck -f /dev/mapper/vg01-lv002
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e2fsck 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
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Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes
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Pass 2: Checking directory structure
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Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity
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Pass 4: Checking reference counts
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Pass 5: Checking group summary information
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/dev/mapper/vg01-lv002: 13/6553600 files (0.0% non-contiguous), 12231854/26212352 blocks
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```
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### 缩小文件系统
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下面的命令将把 `testlvm1` 文件系统从 **100GB** 缩小到 **80GB**。
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**文件系统大小调整的常用语法(`resize2fs`)**:
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```
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resize2fs [现有逻辑卷名] [新的文件系统大小]
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```
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实际命令如下:
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```
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# resize2fs /dev/mapper/vg01-lv002 80G
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resize2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
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Resizing the filesystem on /dev/mapper/vg01-lv002 to 28321400 (4k) blocks.
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The filesystem on /dev/mapper/vg01-lv002 is now 28321400 blocks long.
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```
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### 减少逻辑卷 (LVM) 容量
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现在使用 `lvreduce` 命令缩小逻辑卷(LVM) 的大小。通过下面的命令, `/dev/mapper/vg01-lv002` 将把逻辑卷 (LVM) 从 100GB 缩小到 80GB。
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**LVM 缩减 (`lvreduce`) 的常用语法**:
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```
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lvreduce [新的 LVM 大小] [现有逻辑卷名称]
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```
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实际命令如下:
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```
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# lvreduce -L 80G /dev/mapper/vg01-lv002
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WARNING: Reducing active logical volume to 80.00 GiB
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THIS MAY DESTROY YOUR DATA (filesystem etc.)
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Do you really want to reduce lv002? [y/n]: y
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Reducing logical volume lv002 to 80.00 GiB
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Logical volume lv002 successfully resized
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```
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### 可选:检查文件系统是否有错误
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缩减 LVM 后再次检查文件系统是否有错误:
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```
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# e2fsck -f /dev/mapper/vg01-lv002
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e2fsck 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
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Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes
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Pass 2: Checking directory structure
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Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity
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Pass 4: Checking reference counts
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Pass 5: Checking group summary information
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/dev/mapper/vg01-lv002: 13/4853600 files (0.0% non-contiguous), 1023185/2021235 blocks
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```
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### 挂载文件系统并检查缩小后的大小
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最后挂载文件系统,并检查缩小后的文件系统大小。
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使用 `mount` 命令[挂载逻辑卷][4]:
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```
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# mount /testlvm1
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```
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使用 [df 命令][5]检查挂载的卷。
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```
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# df -h /testlvm1
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Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
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/dev/mapper/vg01-lv002 80G 15G 65G 18% /testlvm1
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```
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://www.2daygeek.com/reduce-shrink-decrease-resize-lvm-logical-volume-in-linux/
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作者:[Magesh Maruthamuthu][a]
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选题:[lujun9972][b]
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译者:[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
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校对:[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译,[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://www.2daygeek.com/author/magesh/
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://linux.cn/article-12670-1.html
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[2]: https://linux.cn/article-12673-1.html
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[3]: https://www.2daygeek.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/reduce-shrink-decrease-resize-lvm-logical-volume-in-linux-1.png
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[4]: https://www.2daygeek.com/mount-unmount-file-system-partition-in-linux/
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[5]: https://www.2daygeek.com/linux-check-disk-space-usage-df-command/
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