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146 lines
5.4 KiB
Markdown
146 lines
5.4 KiB
Markdown
[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
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[#]: translator: (geekpi)
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[#]: reviewer: (wxy)
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[#]: publisher: (wxy)
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[#]: url: (https://linux.cn/article-12477-1.html)
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[#]: subject: (Bash Script to Check How Long the High CPU/Memory Consumption Processes Runs on Linux)
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[#]: via: (https://www.2daygeek.com/bash-script-to-check-how-long-the-high-cpu-memory-consumption-processes-runs-on-linux/)
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[#]: author: (Magesh Maruthamuthu https://www.2daygeek.com/author/magesh/)
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实用脚本：检查高 CPU / 内存消耗进程
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======
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过去，我们写了三篇不同的文章来使用 Linux 命令来识别这些进程。
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你可以通过下面相关的 URL 立即访问：
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* [如何在 Linux 中找出 CPU 占用高的进程][1]
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* [如何在 Linux 中找出内存消耗最大的进程][2]
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* [在 Linux 中如何查找一个命令或进程的执行时间][3]
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本教程中包含两个脚本，它们可以帮助你确定 Linux 上高 CPU/内存消耗进程的运行时间。
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该脚本将显示进程 ID、进程的所有者、进程的名称以及进程的运行时间。这将帮助你确定哪些（必须事先完成）作业正在超时运行。这可以使用 `ps` 命令来实现。
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### 什么是 ps 命令
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`ps` 是<ruby>进程状态<rt>processes status</rt></ruby>，它显示有关系统上活动/正在运行的进程的信息。
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它提供了当前进程的快照以及详细信息，例如用户名、用户 ID、CPU 使用率、内存使用率、进程开始日期和时间等。
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#### 1）检查高 CPU 消耗进程在 Linux 上运行了多长时间的 Bash 脚本
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该脚本将帮助你确定高 CPU 消耗进程在 Linux 上运行了多长时间。
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```
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# vi /opt/scripts/long-running-cpu-proc.sh
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#!/bin/bash
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ps -eo pid,user,ppid,%mem,%cpu,cmd --sort=-%cpu | head | tail -n +2 | awk '{print $1}' > /tmp/long-running-processes.txt
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echo "--------------------------------------------------"
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echo "UName PID CMD Process_Running_Time"
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echo "--------------------------------------------------"
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for userid in `cat /tmp/long-running-processes.txt`
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do
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username=$(ps -u -p $userid | tail -1 | awk '{print $1}')
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pruntime=$(ps -p $userid -o etime | tail -1)
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ocmd=$(ps -p $userid | tail -1 | awk '{print $4}')
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echo "$username $userid $ocmd $pruntime"
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done | column -t
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echo "--------------------------------------------------"
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```
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给 `long-running-cpu-proc.sh` 设置可执行的 [Linux 文件权限][4]。
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```
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# chmod +x /opt/scripts/long-running-cpu-proc.sh
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```
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运行此脚本时，你将获得类似以下的输出：
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```
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# sh /opt/scripts/long-running-cpu-proc.sh
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----------------------------------------------------
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UName PID CMD Process_Running_Time
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----------------------------------------------------
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daygeek 5214 Web 01:18:48
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daygeek 5748 Web 01:08:20
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daygeek 8043 inkscape 22:11
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daygeek 5269 Web 01:18:31
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daygeek 1712 Web 10:44:50
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daygeek 5335 RDD 01:17:54
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daygeek 1639 firefox 10:44:51
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daygeek 7793 nautilus 24:14
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daygeek 6301 Web 57:40
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----------------------------------------------------
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```
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#### 2）检查高内存消耗进程在 Linux 上运行了多长时间的 Bash 脚本
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该脚本将帮助你确定最大的内存消耗进程在 Linux 上运行了多长时间。
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```
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# sh /opt/scripts/long-running-memory-proc.sh
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#!/bin/bash
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ps -eo pid,user,ppid,%mem,%cpu,cmd --sort=-%mem | head | tail -n +2 | awk '{print $1}' > /tmp/long-running-processes-1.txt
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echo "--------------------------------------------------"
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echo "UName PID CMD Process_Running_Time"
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echo "--------------------------------------------------"
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for userid in `cat /tmp/long-running-processes-1.txt`
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do
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username=$(ps -u -p $userid | tail -1 | awk '{print $1}')
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pruntime=$(ps -p $userid -o etime | tail -1)
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ocmd=$(ps -p $userid | tail -1 | awk '{print $4}')
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echo "$username $userid $ocmd $pruntime"
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done | column -t
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echo "--------------------------------------------------"
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```
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给 `long-running-memory-proc.sh` 设置可执行的 Linux 文件权限。
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```
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# chmod +x /opt/scripts/long-running-memory-proc.sh
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```
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运行此脚本时，你将获得类似以下的输出：
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```
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# sh /opt/scripts/long-running-memory-proc.sh
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----------------------------------------------------
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UName PID CMD Process_Running_Time
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----------------------------------------------------
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daygeek 1639 firefox 10:44:56
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daygeek 2997 Web 10:39:54
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daygeek 5269 Web 01:18:37
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daygeek 1712 Web 10:44:55
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daygeek 8043 inkscape 22:17
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daygeek 5214 Web 01:18:54
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daygeek 1898 Web 10:44:48
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daygeek 1129 Xorg 10:45:07
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daygeek 6301 Web 57:45
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----------------------------------------------------
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```
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: https://www.2daygeek.com/bash-script-to-check-how-long-the-high-cpu-memory-consumption-processes-runs-on-linux/
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作者：[Magesh Maruthamuthu][a]
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选题：[lujun9972][b]
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译者：[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
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校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]: https://www.2daygeek.com/author/magesh/
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[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
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[1]: https://linux.cn/article-11678-1.html
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[2]: https://linux.cn/article-11542-1.html
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[3]: https://linux.cn/article-10261-1.html
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[4]: https://www.2daygeek.com/understanding-linux-file-permissions/
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