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5.3 KiB
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154 lines
5.3 KiB
Markdown
使用 tuptime 工具查看 Linux 服务器系统的开机时间的历史和统计
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================================================================================
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你可以使用下面的工具来查看 Linux 或类 Unix 系统运行了多长时间：
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- uptime ： 告诉你服务器运行了多长的时间。
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- lastt ： 显示重启和关机时间。
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- tuptime ： 报告系统的运行时间历史和运行时间统计，这是指重启之间的运行时间。和 uptime 命令类似，不过输出结果更有意思。
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### 找出系统上次重启时间和日期 ###
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你[可以使用下面的命令来获取Linux操作系统的上次重启和关机时间及日期][1]（在OSX/类Unix系统上也可以用）：
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### 显示系统重启和关机时间
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who -b
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last reboot
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last shutdown
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### 开机信息
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uptime
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cat /proc/uptime
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awk '{ print "up " $1 /60 " minutes"}' /proc/uptime
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w
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**样例输出：**
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*图01：用于找出服务器开机时间的多个Linux命令*
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###跟 tuptime 问打个招呼吧###
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tuptime 命令行工具可以报告基于 Linux 的系统上的下列信息：
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1. 系统启动次数统计
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2. 注册首次启动时间（也就是安装时间）
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3. 正常关机和意外关机统计
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4. 平均开机时间和故障停机时间
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5. 当前开机时间
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6. 首次启动以来的开机和故障停机率
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7. 累积系统开机时间、故障停机时间和合计
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8. 报告每次启动、开机时间、关机和故障停机时间
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#### 安装 ####
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输入[下面的命令来克隆 git 仓库到 Linux 系统中][2]：
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$ cd /tmp
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$ git clone https://github.com/rfrail3/tuptime.git
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$ ls
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$ cd tuptime
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$ ls
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**样例输出：**
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*图02：克隆git仓库*
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确保你安装了带有 sys，optparse，os，re，string，sqlite3，datetime，disutils 和 locale 模块的 Python v2.7。
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你可以像下面这样来安装：
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$ sudo tuptime-install.sh
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或者，可以手工安装（基于 systemd 或非 systemd ）：
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$ sudo cp /tmp/tuptime/latest/cron.d/tuptime /etc/cron.d/tuptime
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如果系统是systemd的，拷贝服务文件并启用：
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$ sudo cp /tmp/tuptime/latest/systemd/tuptime.service /lib/systemd/system/
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$ sudo systemctl enable tuptime.service
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如果系统不是systemd的，拷贝初始化文件：
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$ sudo cp /tmp/tuptime/latest/init.d/tuptime.init.d-debian7 /etc/init.d/tuptime
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$ sudo update-rc.d tuptime defaults
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####运行####
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只需输入以下命令：
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$ sudo tuptime
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**样例输出：**
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*图03：tuptime工作中*
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在一次更新内核后，我重启了系统，然后再次输入了同样的命令：
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$ sudo tuptime
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System startups: 2 since 03:52:16 PM 08/21/2015
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System shutdowns: 1 ok - 0 bad
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Average uptime: 7 days, 16 hours, 48 minutes and 3 seconds
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Average downtime: 2 hours, 30 minutes and 5 seconds
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Current uptime: 5 minutes and 28 seconds since 06:23:06 AM 09/06/2015
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Uptime rate: 98.66 %
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Downtime rate: 1.34 %
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System uptime: 15 days, 9 hours, 36 minutes and 7 seconds
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System downtime: 5 hours, 0 minutes and 11 seconds
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System life: 15 days, 14 hours, 36 minutes and 18 seconds
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你可以像下面这样修改日期和时间格式：
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$ sudo tuptime -d '%H:%M:%S %m-%d-%Y'
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**样例输出：**
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System startups: 1 since 15:52:16 08-21-2015
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System shutdowns: 0 ok - 0 bad
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Average uptime: 15 days, 9 hours, 21 minutes and 19 seconds
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Average downtime: 0 seconds
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Current uptime: 15 days, 9 hours, 21 minutes and 19 seconds since 15:52:16 08-21-2015
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Uptime rate: 100.0 %
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Downtime rate: 0.0 %
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System uptime: 15 days, 9 hours, 21 minutes and 19 seconds
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System downtime: 0 seconds
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System life: 15 days, 9 hours, 21 minutes and 19 seconds
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计算每次启动、开机时间、关机和故障停机时间：
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$ sudo tuptime -e
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**样例输出：**
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Startup: 1 at 03:52:16 PM 08/21/2015
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Uptime: 15 days, 9 hours, 22 minutes and 33 seconds
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System startups: 1 since 03:52:16 PM 08/21/2015
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System shutdowns: 0 ok - 0 bad
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Average uptime: 15 days, 9 hours, 22 minutes and 33 seconds
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Average downtime: 0 seconds
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Current uptime: 15 days, 9 hours, 22 minutes and 33 seconds since 03:52:16 PM 08/21/2015
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Uptime rate: 100.0 %
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Downtime rate: 0.0 %
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System uptime: 15 days, 9 hours, 22 minutes and 33 seconds
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System downtime: 0 seconds
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System life: 15 days, 9 hours, 22 minutes and 33 seconds
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://www.cyberciti.biz/hardware/howto-see-historical-statistical-uptime-on-linux-server/
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作者：Vivek Gite
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译者：[GOLinux](https://github.com/GOLinux)
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校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[1]:http://www.cyberciti.biz/hardware/howto-see-historical-statistical-uptime-on-linux-server/
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[2]:http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/debian-ubunut-linux-download-a-git-repository/
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