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173 lines
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173 lines
6.9 KiB
Markdown
Inxi：获取Linux的系统和硬件信息
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================================================================================
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我们已经展示了一些不同的[应用程序][1]和方法来获取Linux的系统和硬件信息。在这一系列里，我们将看到如何使用**inxi**来获取这些详情信息。在论坛技术支持中，它可以作为调试工具，迅速确定用户的系统配置和硬件信息。
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**Inxi**是一个可以获取完整的系统和硬件详情信息的命令行工具，内容包括：
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- 硬件
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- CPU
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- 磁盘驱动器
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- Xorg
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- 桌面环境
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- 内核
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- GCC版本
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- 进程
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- 内存占用
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- 和其他有用的信息
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### 安装方法 ###
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Inxi在多数现代GNU/Linux操作系统的默认软件仓库中。所以我们可以简单地运行下列命令安装。
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**在基于Debian的发行版：**
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sudo apt-get install inxi
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**在Fedora：**
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sudo yum install inxi
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**在基于RHEL的发行版：**
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安装EPEL软件仓库：
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sudo yum install epel-release
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然后使用如下命令安装inxi：
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sudo yum install inxi
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### 使用方法 ###
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在终端运行如下命令可以获取系统的概况信息。
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inxi
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**示例输出：**
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CPU~Dual core Intel Core i3-2350M CPU (-HT-MCP-) clocked at Min:800.000Mhz Max:1200.000Mhz Kernel~3.13.0-45-generic x86_64 Up~6:41 Mem~1537.7/3861.3MB HDD~500.1GB(52.5% used) Procs~183 Client~Shell inxi~1.9.17
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当然，我们可以获取一个特定硬件的详情信息。比如获取**声音/音频硬件详情信息**，可以运行如下命令：
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inxi -A
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**示例输出：**
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Audio: Card: Intel 6 Series/C200 Series Family High Definition Audio Controller driver: snd_hda_intel
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Sound: Advanced Linux Sound Architecture ver: k3.13.0-45-generic
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很酷是吧？
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同样的，你可以获取**显卡**的详情信息。
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inxi -G
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**示例输出：**
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Graphics: Card: Intel 2nd Generation Core Processor Family Integrated Graphics Controller
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X.Org: 1.15.1 drivers: intel (unloaded: fbdev,vesa) Resolution: 1366x768@60.0hz
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GLX Renderer: Mesa DRI Intel Sandybridge Mobile GLX Version: 3.0 Mesa 10.3.0
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硬盘信息呢？也是可以的。运行如下命令来获取完整的**硬盘**信息。
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inxi -D
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**示例输出：**
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Drives: HDD Total Size: 500.1GB (52.5% used) 1: id: /dev/sda model: ST9601325BD size: 500.1GB
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显示Bios和主板详情信息：
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inxi -M
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**示例输出：**
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Machine: System: Dell (portable) product: Inspiron N5050
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Mobo: Dell model: 01HXXJ version: A05 Bios: Dell version: A05 date: 08/03/2012
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不仅是硬性详情信息，它也可以显示我们系统中的**可用软件仓库列表**。
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inxi -r
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**示例输出：**
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Repos: Active apt sources in file: /etc/apt/sources.list
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deb http://ubuntu.excellmedia.net/archive/ trusty main restricted
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deb-src http://ubuntu.excellmedia.net/archive/ trusty main restricted
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deb http://ubuntu.excellmedia.net/archive/ trusty-updates main restricted
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deb-src http://ubuntu.excellmedia.net/archive/ trusty-updates main restricted
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deb http://ubuntu.excellmedia.net/archive/ trusty universe
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.
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.
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Active apt sources in file: /etc/apt/sources.list.d/intellinuxgraphics.list
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deb https://download.01.org/gfx/ubuntu/14.04/main trusty main #Intel Graphics drivers
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Active apt sources in file: /etc/apt/sources.list.d/linrunner-tlp-trusty.list
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Active apt sources in file: /etc/apt/sources.list.d/wseverin-ppa-trusty.list
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deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/wseverin/ppa/ubuntu trusty main
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Inxi还可以显示你所在位置的天气信息。感到意外吗？是的，它可以。
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inxi -W Erode,Tamilnadu
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这里**Erode**是地区，**Tamilnadu**是印度的一个邦。
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示例输出：
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Weather: Conditions: 79 F (26 C) - Clear Time: February 4, 6:00 PM IST
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### 查看完整的硬件详情信息 ###
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厌倦了逐一获取每种硬件的信息？你可以使用如下命令将所有信息一次列出：
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inxi -F
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**示例输出：**
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System: Host: sk Kernel: 3.13.0-45-generic x86_64 (64 bit) Desktop: LXDE (Openbox 3.5.2) Distro: Ubuntu 14.04 trusty
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Machine: System: Dell (portable) product: Inspiron N5050
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Mobo: Dell model: 01HXXJ version: A05 Bios: Dell version: A05 date: 08/03/2012
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CPU: Dual core Intel Core i3-2350M CPU (-HT-MCP-) cache: 3072 KB flags: (lm nx sse sse2 sse3 sse4_1 sse4_2 ssse3 vmx)
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Clock Speeds: 1: 800.00 MHz 2: 1000.00 MHz 3: 800.00 MHz 4: 800.00 MHz
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Graphics: Card: Intel 2nd Generation Core Processor Family Integrated Graphics Controller
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X.Org: 1.15.1 drivers: intel (unloaded: fbdev,vesa) Resolution: 1366x768@60.0hz
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GLX Renderer: Mesa DRI Intel Sandybridge Mobile GLX Version: 3.0 Mesa 10.3.0
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Audio: Card: Intel 6 Series/C200 Series Family High Definition Audio Controller driver: snd_hda_intel
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Sound: Advanced Linux Sound Architecture ver: k3.13.0-45-generic
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Network: Card-1: Qualcomm Atheros AR9285 Wireless Network Adapter (PCI-Express) driver: ath9k
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IF: wlan0 state: up mac:
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Card-2: Realtek RTL8101E/RTL8102E PCI Express Fast Ethernet controller driver: r8169
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IF: eth0 state: down mac:
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Drives: HDD Total Size: 500.1GB (52.5% used) 1: id: /dev/sda model: ST9500325AS size: 500.1GB
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Partition: ID: / size: 455G used: 245G (57%) fs: ext4 ID: /boot size: 236M used: 159M (72%) fs: ext2
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ID: swap-1 size: 4.19GB used: 0.00GB (0%) fs: swap
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RAID: No RAID devices detected - /proc/mdstat and md_mod kernel raid module present
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Sensors: System Temperatures: cpu: 64.5C mobo: N/A
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Fan Speeds (in rpm): cpu: N/A
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Info: Processes: 186 Uptime: 6:52 Memory: 1547.2/3861.3MB Client: Shell (bash) inxi: 1.9.17
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就像上面你看到的那样，inxi显示出了完整的硬件详情信息。
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更多的细节可以参考man手册。
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man inxi
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### 结论 ###
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你在寻找一个可以显示完整的系统和硬件详情信息的简单工具吗？那么不用再找了，inxi会提供你所需要的。并且，它还是在你系统默认的软件仓库中的轻量级工具。你还想要更多东西吗？试一试它，你不会失望。
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欢呼吧！
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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via: http://www.unixmen.com/inxi-find-system-hardware-information-linux/
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作者：[SK][a]
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译者：[goreliu](https://github.com/goreliu)
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校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
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本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
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[a]:http://www.unixmen.com/author/sk/
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[1]:https://linux.cn/article-1947-1.html
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