mirror of
https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject.git
synced 2024-12-23 21:20:42 +08:00
a71aa7de9e
renamed: 10 Linux Platforms Meant For Embedded Systems.md -> 201406/10 Linux Platforms Meant For Embedded Systems.md renamed: 20140527 4MLinux 9.0 Beta Is a 55 MB Operating System That Has It All.md -> 201406/20140527 4MLinux 9.0 Beta Is a 55 MB Operating System That Has It All.md renamed: 20140527 A Complete Historical Timeline of Linux Evolution.md -> 201406/20140527 A Complete Historical Timeline of Linux Evolution.md renamed: 20140528 Setup Backup Server Using Bacula And Webmin On Ubuntu 14.04.md -> 201406/20140528 Setup Backup Server Using Bacula And Webmin On Ubuntu 14.04.md renamed: 20140528 Why We Shouldn't Accept Bad Linux Ports.md -> 201406/20140528 Why We Shouldn't Accept Bad Linux Ports.md renamed: 20140529 Add Windows Like Bottom Taskbar In Ubuntu Unity 14.04.md -> 201406/20140529 Add Windows Like Bottom Taskbar In Ubuntu Unity 14.04.md renamed: 20140529 Command Line Tuesdays--The Introductory.md -> 201406/20140529 Command Line Tuesdays--The Introductory.md renamed: 20140529 How To Share Disks In VirtualBox Between Linux Guest OS.md -> 201406/20140529 How To Share Disks In VirtualBox Between Linux Guest OS.md renamed: 20140529 Install RainLoop Webmail (A Web Based Email Client) using 'Nginx and Apache' in Arch Linux.md -> 201406/20140529 Install RainLoop Webmail (A Web Based Email Client) using 'Nginx and Apache' in Arch Linux.md renamed: 20140529 What is a good terminal emulator on Linux.md -> 201406/20140529 What is a good terminal emulator on Linux.md renamed: 20140529 Why No Flash Support for Linux Is Good for Open Source.md -> 201406/20140529 Why No Flash Support for Linux Is Good for Open Source.md renamed: 20140530 Fix 'Cannot Add PPA' Error In Ubuntu 14.04 and Linux Mint.md -> 201406/20140530 Fix 'Cannot Add PPA' Error In Ubuntu 14.04 and Linux Mint.md renamed: 20140530 How To Install Linux On A MacBook Pro Retina.md -> 201406/20140530 How To Install Linux On A MacBook Pro Retina.md renamed: 20140530 Linux script command--A recorder inside your Terminal.md -> 201406/20140530 Linux script command--A recorder inside your Terminal.md renamed: 20140603 App Grid Is A Superior Ubuntu Software Center Alternative.md -> 201406/20140603 App Grid Is A Superior Ubuntu Software Center Alternative.md renamed: 20140603 Linux Foundation to donate portion of membership fees to Code.org.md -> 201406/20140603 Linux Foundation to donate portion of membership fees to Code.org.md renamed: 20140603 Write your first Linux Kernel module.md -> 201406/20140603 Write your first Linux Kernel module.md renamed: 20140604 Command line secrets.md -> 201406/20140604 Command line secrets.md renamed: 20140604 Setup Virtual Hosts In Apache On Ubuntu 14.04 LTS.md -> 201406/20140604 Setup Virtual Hosts In Apache On Ubuntu 14.04 LTS.md renamed: 20140607 Cup 2014 Brazil--Watch FIFA World Cup 2014 Competition in Your Linux Desktop.md -> 201406/20140607 Cup 2014 Brazil--Watch FIFA World Cup 2014 Competition in Your Linux Desktop.md renamed: 20140607 How To Extract Images From Videos Using ffmpeg.md -> 201406/20140607 How To Extract Images From Videos Using ffmpeg.md renamed: 20140607 How To Install iCup 2014 In Linux.md -> 201406/20140607 How To Install iCup 2014 In Linux.md renamed: 20140607 Linux--Bash Delete All Files In Directory Except Few.md -> 201406/20140607 Linux--Bash Delete All Files In Directory Except Few.md renamed: 20140607 New OpenSSL breach is no Heartbleed-but needs to be taken seriously.md -> 201406/20140607 New OpenSSL breach is no Heartbleed-but needs to be taken seriously.md renamed: 20140607 Nuvola Player 2.4.0 Released -- A Online Cloud Music Player for Linux.md -> 201406/20140607 Nuvola Player 2.4.0 Released -- A Online Cloud Music Player for Linux.md renamed: 20140607 Practical Interview Questions and Answers on Linux Shell Scripting.md -> 201406/20140607 Practical Interview Questions and Answers on Linux Shell Scripting.md renamed: 20140607 Steam Hits The Big 500 For Linux Games.md -> 201406/20140607 Steam Hits The Big 500 For Linux Games.md renamed: 20140607 Ubuntu One Formally Shuts Down.md -> 201406/20140607 Ubuntu One Formally Shuts Down.md renamed: 20140609 How To Know If Your System Has USB 3.0 Port In Linux [Quick Tip].md -> 201406/20140609 How To Know If Your System Has USB 3.0 Port In Linux [Quick Tip].md renamed: 20140609 Open Source LDAP Solutions.md -> 201406/20140609 Open Source LDAP Solutions.md renamed: "20140609 OpenELEC 4.0.4 \347\216\260\345\267\262\345\217\221\345\270\203, \345\237\272\344\272\216 XBMC 13.1 \342\200\234Gotham\342\200\235.md" -> "201406/20140609 OpenELEC 4.0.4 \347\216\260\345\267\262\345\217\221\345\270\203, \345\237\272\344\272\216 XBMC 13.1 \342\200\234Gotham\342\200\235.md" renamed: 20140610 How to set up Internet connection sharing with iptables on Linux.md -> 201406/20140610 How to set up Internet connection sharing with iptables on Linux.md renamed: 20140610 IPFire 2.13 Core 78 Linux Firewall OS Receives OpenSSL Fixes.md -> 201406/20140610 IPFire 2.13 Core 78 Linux Firewall OS Receives OpenSSL Fixes.md renamed: 20140610 Open Source SDN Project OpenDaylight Adds New Members.md -> 201406/20140610 Open Source SDN Project OpenDaylight Adds New Members.md renamed: 20140610 Top 7 Desktop Environment For Linux.md -> 201406/20140610 Top 7 Desktop Environment For Linux.md renamed: 20140611 HTG Explains--What' s the Difference Between Linux and BSD.md -> 201406/20140611 HTG Explains--What' s the Difference Between Linux and BSD.md renamed: 20140611 How to Prevent Other Users From Accessing Your Home Directory in Ubuntu 14.04.md -> 201406/20140611 How to Prevent Other Users From Accessing Your Home Directory in Ubuntu 14.04.md renamed: 20140612 Command Line Tuesdays--Part One.md -> 201406/20140612 Command Line Tuesdays--Part One.md renamed: 20140612 Dpkg Vulnerabilities Closed in Ubuntu 14.04.md -> 201406/20140612 Dpkg Vulnerabilities Closed in Ubuntu 14.04.md renamed: 20140616 How To Install Numix Icon Theme In Fedora 20.md -> 201406/20140616 How To Install Numix Icon Theme In Fedora 20.md renamed: 20140616 Ubuntu Desktop Next 14.10 Images Available to Download.md -> 201406/20140616 Ubuntu Desktop Next 14.10 Images Available to Download.md renamed: 20140616 Ubuntu for Phones Activated on 10,000 Devices.md -> 201406/20140616 Ubuntu for Phones Activated on 10,000 Devices.md renamed: 20140617 14 Apps To Boost Ubuntu.md -> 201406/20140617 14 Apps To Boost Ubuntu.md renamed: 20140619 Improve Battery Life with Laptop Mode Tools 1.65.md -> 201406/20140619 Improve Battery Life with Laptop Mode Tools 1.65.md renamed: 20140619 Red Hat to Acquire eNovance, Focus Together on OpenStack.md -> 201406/20140619 Red Hat to Acquire eNovance, Focus Together on OpenStack.md renamed: 20140620 Celebrating 30 Years of X.md -> 201406/20140620 Celebrating 30 Years of X.md renamed: 20140620 ENCRYPT DNS TRAFFIC IN LINUX WITH DNSCRYPT (VIA OPENDNS).md -> 201406/20140620 ENCRYPT DNS TRAFFIC IN LINUX WITH DNSCRYPT (VIA OPENDNS).md renamed: 20140620 How to enable testing and unstable repository on Debian.md -> 201406/20140620 How to enable testing and unstable repository on Debian.md renamed: 20140625 Canonical Debuts 'Orange Box' for Ubuntu OpenStack Cloud Demos.md -> 201406/20140625 Canonical Debuts 'Orange Box' for Ubuntu OpenStack Cloud Demos.md renamed: 8 examples of findmnt command to check mounted file systems on Linux.md -> 201406/8 examples of findmnt command to check mounted file systems on Linux.md renamed: Bash Getopts--Scripts with Command Line Options.md -> 201406/Bash Getopts--Scripts with Command Line Options.md renamed: Collectl--An Advanced All-in-One Performance Monitoring Tool for Linux.md -> 201406/Collectl--An Advanced All-in-One Performance Monitoring Tool for Linux.md renamed: Fix Adobe Flash Player Issue In Chromium In Ubuntu 14.04.md -> 201406/Fix Adobe Flash Player Issue In Chromium In Ubuntu 14.04.md renamed: Guide To Install Ubuntu 14.04 In Dual Boot Mode With Windows 8 Or 8.1 UEFI.md -> 201406/Guide To Install Ubuntu 14.04 In Dual Boot Mode With Windows 8 Or 8.1 UEFI.md renamed: How To Install 'California' Calendar App in Ubuntu 14.04.md -> 201406/How To Install 'California' Calendar App in Ubuntu 14.04.md renamed: How To Remove Drive Icons From Unity Launcher In Ubuntu 14.04 [Beginner Tips].md -> 201406/How To Remove Drive Icons From Unity Launcher In Ubuntu 14.04 [Beginner Tips].md renamed: How to Install Windows 8.1 and Ubuntu 14.04 LTS on the Same Computer.md -> 201406/How to Install Windows 8.1 and Ubuntu 14.04 LTS on the Same Computer.md renamed: How to download webcomics from the command line on Linux.md -> 201406/How to download webcomics from the command line on Linux.md renamed: How to launch applications differently with Gnome-Pie on Linux desktop.md -> 201406/How to launch applications differently with Gnome-Pie on Linux desktop.md renamed: How to manage Linux containers with Docker on Ubuntu.md -> 201406/How to manage Linux containers with Docker on Ubuntu.md renamed: How to manage ip addresses and subnets with phpIPAM.md -> 201406/How to manage ip addresses and subnets with phpIPAM.md renamed: How to manage passwords from the command line on Linux.md -> 201406/How to manage passwords from the command line on Linux.md renamed: How to monitor Nginx web server from the command line in real time.md -> 201406/How to monitor Nginx web server from the command line in real time.md renamed: How to set up a web-based lightweight system monitor on Linux.md -> 201406/How to set up a web-based lightweight system monitor on Linux.md renamed: How to take a screenshot from the command line on Linux.md -> 201406/How to take a screenshot from the command line on Linux.md renamed: How to take full length screenshots of websites via terminal.md -> 201406/How to take full length screenshots of websites via terminal.md renamed: How to use LVM in Linux.md -> 201406/How to use LVM in Linux.md renamed: How to verify DDOS attack with netstat command on Linux Terminal.md -> 201406/How to verify DDOS attack with netstat command on Linux Terminal.md renamed: Install SoundCloud In Ubuntu 14.04.md -> 201406/Install SoundCloud In Ubuntu 14.04.md renamed: Linux Pros' Top Command Line Secrets.md -> 201406/Linux Pros' Top Command Line Secrets.md renamed: Linux Terminal--Dstat monitoring tools.md -> 201406/Linux Terminal--Dstat monitoring tools.md renamed: Making Linux Feel at Home.md -> 201406/Making Linux Feel at Home.md renamed: Open Source's Cult Of Personality Is Dying--Thankfully.md -> 201406/Open Source's Cult Of Personality Is Dying--Thankfully.md renamed: Pros' Secrets and Red Hat 7 and PCLinuxOS 2014.05 Reviews.md -> 201406/Pros' Secrets and Red Hat 7 and PCLinuxOS 2014.05 Reviews.md renamed: Start Practising Linux ip command and Avoid the Habit of Using ifconfig.md -> 201406/Start Practising Linux ip command and Avoid the Habit of Using ifconfig.md renamed: TechView--Linus Torvalds Inventor of Linux.md -> 201406/TechView--Linus Torvalds Inventor of Linux.md renamed: Turn Off Bluetooth By Default In Ubuntu 14.04 [Quick Tip].md -> 201406/Turn Off Bluetooth By Default In Ubuntu 14.04 [Quick Tip].md renamed: Ubuntu Linux Community Manager Jono Bacon Leaves Canonical.md -> 201406/Ubuntu Linux Community Manager Jono Bacon Leaves Canonical.md renamed: What Heartbleed Teaches Us--Be An Open Source Contributor, Not Just A User.md -> 201406/What Heartbleed Teaches Us--Be An Open Source Contributor, Not Just A User.md renamed: Why htop Command Compete Linux top Command.md -> 201406/Why htop Command Compete Linux top Command.md
174 lines
6.2 KiB
Markdown
174 lines
6.2 KiB
Markdown
实用的Linux SHELL面试问题及答案
|
||
================================================================================
|
||
|
||
随着之前有关面试的系列文章,读者的反应比较强烈,所以我决定出一篇有关Linux Shell相关的面试文章,如果对本文有什么意见或意见的话,欢迎反馈到我的邮箱里。
|
||
|
||
如果想要阅读已发表在Tecmint.com的文章,可以点击链接,链接到[访谈系列] [1],在这里我们已经介绍很多题目即文章。,FTP,MySQL和Apache的,脚本,Linux命令等。
|
||
|
||
![Practical Interview Question on Shell Scripting](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/Interview-Questions-on-Shell-Scripting.png)
|
||
> 实用的shell脚本面试问题
|
||
|
||
这边提到的5个面试问题,延续之前的有关Linux面试问题和答案。如果你是Tecmint.com的读者,你的支持我非常感谢。
|
||
|
||
### 1. 写一个shell脚本来得到当前的日期,时间,用户名和当前工作目录。 ###
|
||
|
||
> **答案** : 输出用户名,当前日期和时间,以及当前工作目录的命令就是logname,date,who i am和pwd。
|
||
|
||
现在,创建一个名为**`userstats.sh`**文件,将下面的代码添加到它。
|
||
|
||
#!/bin/bash
|
||
echo "Hello, $LOGNAME"
|
||
echo "Current date is `date`"
|
||
echo "User is `who i am`"
|
||
echo "Current directory `pwd`"
|
||
|
||
给它添加执行权限,并且执行他。
|
||
|
||
# chmod 755 userstats.sh
|
||
# ./userstats.sh
|
||
|
||
#### 样例输出 ####
|
||
|
||
Hello, avi
|
||
Current date is Sat Jun 7 13:05:29 IST 2014
|
||
User is avi pts/0 2014-06-07 11:59 (:0)
|
||
Current directory /home/avi/Desktop
|
||
|
||
### 2.写一个shell脚本,进行两个数字的相加,如果没有输入参数就输出错误信息和一行使用说明###
|
||
|
||
> **答案** : 下面是简单的shell脚本以及描述,如果没有命令行参数,它会抛出错误与如何使用脚本的说明。
|
||
|
||
再创建一个名为**`twonumbers.sh`**文件和下面的内容添加到文件里。
|
||
|
||
#!/bin/bash
|
||
# The Shebang
|
||
|
||
if [ $# -ne 2 ]
|
||
# If two Inputs are not received from Standard Input
|
||
|
||
then
|
||
# then execute the below statements
|
||
|
||
echo "Usage - $0 x y"
|
||
# print on standard output, how-to use the script (Usage - ./1.sh x y )
|
||
|
||
echo " Where x and y are two nos for which I will print sum"
|
||
# print on standard output, “Where x and y are two nos for which I will print sum ”
|
||
|
||
exit 1
|
||
# Leave shell in Error Stage and before the task was successfully carried out.
|
||
|
||
fi
|
||
# End of the if Statement.
|
||
|
||
echo "Sum of $1 and $2 is `expr $1 + $2`"
|
||
# If the above condition was false and user Entered two numbers as a command Line Argument,
|
||
it will show the sum of the entered numbers.
|
||
|
||
给他添加可执行权限,并且执行。
|
||
|
||
# chmod 755 two-numbers.sh
|
||
|
||
**情形一**: 未输入两个数字作为命令行参数运行脚本,你将得到下面的输出。
|
||
|
||
#### 样例输出 ####
|
||
|
||
# ./two-numbers.sh
|
||
|
||
Usage - ./two-numbers.sh x y
|
||
Where x and y are two nos for which I will print sum
|
||
|
||
**情形二**: 当数字存在时,你会得到如图所示的结果。
|
||
|
||
$ ./two-numbers.sh 4 5
|
||
|
||
Sum of 4 and 5 is 9
|
||
|
||
因此,上述shell脚本满足了问题的要求。
|
||
|
||
### 3.你需要打印一个给定的数字的反序,如输入10572,输出27501,如果没有输入数据,应该抛出错误和使用脚本说明。在此之前,告诉我你需要在这里使用的算法。 ###
|
||
|
||
#### 算法 ####
|
||
|
||
1. 输入的数字为n
|
||
2. 赋值 rev=0, sd=0 (反向和单个数字设置为0)
|
||
3. n % 10, 将得到最左边的数字
|
||
4. 反向数字可以用这个方法生成 rev * 10 + sd
|
||
5. 对输入数字进行右位移操作(除以10)
|
||
6. 如果n > 0, 进入第三步,否则进行第七步
|
||
7. 输出rev
|
||
|
||
现在,创建一个名为**`numbers.sh**`文件,并添加以下代码。
|
||
|
||
#!/bin/bash
|
||
if [ $# -ne 1 ]
|
||
then
|
||
echo "Usage: $0 number"
|
||
echo " I will find reverse of given number"
|
||
echo " For eg. $0 0123, I will print 3210"
|
||
exit 1
|
||
fi
|
||
|
||
n=$1
|
||
rev=0
|
||
sd=0
|
||
|
||
while [ $n -gt 0 ]
|
||
do
|
||
sd=`expr $n % 10`
|
||
rev=`expr $rev \* 10 + $sd`
|
||
n=`expr $n / 10`
|
||
done
|
||
echo "Reverse number is $rev"
|
||
|
||
授予对文件的执行权限,并运行如下所示的脚本。
|
||
|
||
# chmod 755 numbers.h
|
||
|
||
**情形一**: 当输入不包含命令行参数,你将得到下面的输出。
|
||
|
||
#### 样例输出 ####
|
||
|
||
./numbers.sh
|
||
|
||
Usage: ./numbers.sh number
|
||
I will find reverse of given number
|
||
For eg. ./2.sh 123, I will print 321
|
||
|
||
**情形二**: 正常输入
|
||
|
||
$ ./numbers.sh 10572
|
||
|
||
Reverse number is 27501
|
||
|
||
上面的脚本非常完美,输出正是我们需要的。
|
||
|
||
### 4. 你应该直接用终端,而不是依靠任何shell脚本来进行实数计算。你会怎么做(比如实数7.56+2.453)? ###
|
||
|
||
> **答案** : 我们需要用如下所述的特殊方式使用bc命令。将7.56+2.453作为输入通过管道进入bc中。
|
||
|
||
$ echo 7.56 + 2.453 | bc
|
||
|
||
10.013
|
||
|
||
### 5. 你需要给出圆周率的值,精度为小数点后100位,什么是最简单的方法。 ###
|
||
|
||
> **答案** : 找圆周率的值最简单的方法,我们只是需要发出以下命令。
|
||
|
||
# pi 100
|
||
|
||
3.141592653589793238462643383279502884197169399375105820974944592307816406286208998628034825342117067
|
||
|
||
很明显!安装我们必须有包**`pi`**。只用一个**apt**或**yum**命令,就能获得所需的软件包,同时用最简单方法来实现这个需求。
|
||
|
||
就是这样。我会很快在Tecmint.com发表另一个有趣的文章。至此敬请关注。别忘了向我们提供您在的评论和反馈。
|
||
|
||
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
||
|
||
via: http://www.tecmint.com/practical-interview-questions-on-linux-shell-scripting/
|
||
|
||
译者:[MikeCoder](https://github.com/MikeCoder) 校对:[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)
|
||
|
||
本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译,[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出
|
||
|
||
[1]:http://www.tecmint.com/category/interview-questions/ |