TranslateProject/published/201406/20140529 Command Line Tuesdays--The Introductory.md
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命令行星期二 —— 序

嗨,极客们!

今天我们介绍给大家一个新的系列节目它叫命令行星期二。为什么叫命令行星期二因为在该系列节目中每天坐在计算机前的你们将会试着走出图形用户界面GUI文化的藩篱从今天开始“让事情变得简单而大众化”。

当然如果你访问过任何与GNU/Linux相关的社区论坛的话你可能已经看到了关于GUI和命令行哪个更好的讨论非常热烈。是让GUI掌控一切还是只是学习并享受命令行界CLI面带来的乐趣呢

Terminal

对于使用或抛弃GUI工具的争论有很多。正方最常提到的优点之一就是我们是在点击的计算模式下长大的所以它基本上就是我们和机器进行交互的一种语言或者你可以说是一种文化。我们日复一日重复着这样的模式点击那个大按钮来让它干我们需要它干的事。

而对于反方我读到的关于命令行的优点的最有趣的评论之一就是你可以通过命令行来更快更简单地做更多事情比GUI工具来得快。但你需要明白的是你需要学习命令。是的学习它们就像学一首诗一样。

现在,因为对于我们,半知半解毫无头绪的用户们,它让人听起来就像是某个没用的杂记小丑表演得表演过头,太过火了。让我来用个寓言讲得通俗一点吧:

寓言

我已经用了Linux超过3年了。27岁是个文学专业学生我对任何形式的技术都没有太大的兴趣。我直到中学才有了一台属于自己的计算机我想大概是17岁那年吧。对于我而言只用了10年的计算机。我只用过三个程序BS播放器Winamp和足球经理偶尔也用用MS Word。大约三年多以前我做临时工时的一位同事在我正和另外一位同僚谈话时告诉我说有个新版的东西它一下子就抓住了我的心它看起来确实与众不同。我现在想想它就是Ubuntu的“敏捷的独角鲸”。在和这位同事讨论这个新版本后他指出了一些常见的优点这些优点也是我们经常向新手宣传的不需要杀毒软件启动快捷安全性更高附带有软件中心等等之类。最突出的一点它背后的自由和开源FOSS哲学。他用他温和而优雅的方式把我带了进去。

我决定来一次尝试而从那以后便一发不可收拾。而至于我是怎么又从第一次对Ubuntu的浅尝辄止转而投向openSUSE 11.4的咋们下回再讲吧。而我发现它只是一个完美而甜蜜的小插曲时那就完完全全另外一回事了。问题在于我最终进入了Linux领域。这很有趣感觉很不一样它让我的计算机跑得更好它也更稳定我也和它相处得很好似乎我是在不经意间买到了相当普通的硬件。似乎Linux并不是一个完全的桌面系统所以我有时不得不使用终端。但是这么说吧它是Linux中一个最为讨厌的最为可怕最令人不爽的工具之一。如果某些操作没有GUI可以做的话我马上会诚惶诚恐十分不安了。因为当我从论坛复制/粘贴命令的时候,我都不知道我究竟在干些什么。

随着时间流逝情况发生了变化。相对于其他以消费者为导向的系统发生在我身上的事可能有点与一般人相反。在那三年中我感觉不是我在玩系统而是系统在玩我。我学会了怎样寻找基本问题提交bug报告怎样正确地在论坛上提问。对于碰到的每个问题我学会了为那些更有能力帮我解决问题的人提供更有用的信息。

不久以前我女朋友发泄说她简直不敢相信我主要为了用计算机而用计算机而不是用它来做一些别的事情。“你只用它来进行音乐收藏和做些Linux的乱七八糟的事情Nenad. Gaawd”它让我想啊使劲想。Linux特别是openSUSE发行版它成了我的爱好之一。我不是一个专家不管怎么看都是这样Linux不在我的专业知识范畴内。但我有足够的知识来搞定它搞定一些小问题修改一些配置文件等等。但是我终于认识到随着玩Linux日久对系统的调整日多我真的需要熟悉一下命令行CLI了。我也了解到我在对底层的东西一无所知的情况下对系统胡作非为。我要对着etc大喊大叫了它究竟是个什么东西bin又是个什么东西为什么会有个.sh在后面问什么这个文件在这里那个文件又在那里为什么我得点击那一大堆的文件夹来找到正确的文件进行修改然后我读到“你可以用一个命令来简单地列出某个地方的所有文件”时它又变得很有趣了我突然感到迫不及待要想试试了。

好吧,让我们干吧!

我们来了……。作为一位新的openSUSE的新闻发布者我会试着以我所见最有成效的方式来发表我的看法这样的方式我想对社区中绝大多数人会奏效。该高举旗帜一起开始学习命令行了。如果是哲学理念吸引你到Linux和openSUSE中来的就像我一样那么是时候走得更远一点了。

我就知道在那外头有一大堆像我这样的人。我知道你也许没有抓住90后极客们的要点黑屏-绿字-手指在键盘上乱飞-让一切都激情澎湃。但这在很多地方都很有用。我们将以一种有趣的而又通用的方式来学习目录是用来干什么什么文件放在什么地方以及一些最常用的终端命令。在我们在控制台处理一些任务时这将让我们更轻松一些在碰到一些问题时获得更大的回报。它也会让bug处理者更轻松些如果他们从我们这头收到正确的信息的话。它也让我们的爱好变得乐趣无穷。

我是说我的天啊你已经过渡到连Dilber和xkcd都感到有趣的阶段了。是时候到终端下去了。

附录:

要用到的一些参考资料:威廉·肖茨—— 《Linux命令行》,以及克罗地亚黑客韦利米尔·巴克沙,别名鲁塞拉斯,《关于最常用命令的简短教程》。对于你们的要求:

  • 每周1到2小时的空闲时间
  • 一品脱冰冻啤酒或者其它饮料
  • 有人已经指出,使用Gedit,或者手工记录本(你懂的,笔和纸,呵呵)可以让学习更简单一些。

肖茨写的书可是精品但读它可要花点时间和毅力。这里我尽力让课程变得更通俗易懂一点花点时间来帮助你们而最重要的是——我希望我们能一起学习一起互相帮助评论还有论坛并且加入一个组织严密的openSUSE社区下周的这个时间已经会是六月了吧我们讲学习我们的第一部分命令。切记……

尽情享受吧!


via: https://news.opensuse.org/2014/05/27/command-line-tuesdays-the-introductory/

译者:GOLinux 校对:wxy

本文由 LCTT 原创翻译,Linux中国 荣誉推出