[#]: collector: (lujun9972) [#]: translator: ( ) [#]: reviewer: ( ) [#]: publisher: ( ) [#]: subject: (Emacs #2: Introducing org-mode) [#]: via: (https://changelog.complete.org/archives/9865-emacs-2-introducing-org-mode) [#]: author: (John Goerzen http://changelog.complete.org/archives/author/jgoerzen) [#]: url: ( ) Emacs #2: Introducing org-mode ====== In [my first post in my series on Emacs][1], I described returning to Emacs after over a decade of vim, and org-mode being the reason why. I really am astounded at the usefulness, and simplicity, of org-mode. It is really a killer app. **So what exactly is org-mode?** I wrote yesterday: > It’s an information organization platform. Its website says “Your life in plain text: Org mode is for keeping notes, maintaining TODO lists, planning projects, and authoring documents with a fast and effective plain-text system.” That’s true, but doesn’t quite capture it. org-mode is a toolkit for you to organize things. It has reasonable out-of-the-box defaults, but it’s designed throughout for you to customize. To highlight a few things: * **Maintaining TODO lists** : items can be scattered across org-mode files, contain attachments, have tags, deadlines, schedules. There is a convenient “agenda” view to show you what needs to be done. Items can repeat. * **Authoring documents** : org-mode has special features for generating HTML, LaTeX, slides (with LaTeX beamer), and all sorts of other formats. It also supports direct evaluation of code in-buffer and literate programming in virtually any Emacs-supported language. If you want to bend your mind on this stuff, read [this article on literate devops][2]. The [entire Worg website][3] is made with org-mode. * **Keeping notes** : yep, it can do that too. With full-text search, cross-referencing by file (as a wiki), by UUID, and even into other systems (into mu4e by Message-ID, into ERC logs, etc, etc.) **Getting started** I highly recommend watching [Carsten Dominik’s excellent Google Talk on org-mode][4]. It is an excellent introduction. org-mode is included with Emacs, but you’ll often want a more recent version. Debian users can `apt-get install org-mode`, or it comes with the Emacs packaging system; `M-x package-install RET org-mode RET` may do it for you. Now, you’ll probably want to start with the org-mode compact guide’s [introduction section][5], noting in particular to set the keybindings mentioned in the [activation section][6]. **A good tutorial…** I’ve linked to a number of excellent tutorials and introductory items; this post is not going to serve as a tutorial. There are two good videos linked at the end of this post, in particular. **Some of my configuration** I’ll document some of my configuration here, and go into a bit of what it does. This isn’t necessarily because you’ll want to copy all of this verbatim — but just to give you a bit of an idea of some of what can be configured, an idea of what to look up in the manual, and maybe a reference for “now how do I do that?” First, I set up Emacs to work in UTF-8 by default. ``` (prefer-coding-system 'utf-8) (set-language-environment "UTF-8") ``` org-mode can follow URLs. By default, it opens in Firefox, but I use Chromium. ``` (setq browse-url-browser-function 'browse-url-chromium) ``` I set the basic key bindings as documented in the Guide, plus configure the M-RET behavior. ``` (global-set-key "\C-cl" 'org-store-link) (global-set-key "\C-ca" 'org-agenda) (global-set-key "\C-cc" 'org-capture) (global-set-key "\C-cb" 'org-iswitchb) (setq org-M-RET-may-split-line nil) ``` **Configuration: Capturing** I can press `C-c c` from anywhere in Emacs. It will [capture something for me][7], and include a link back to whatever I was working on. You can define [capture templates][8] to set how this will work. I am going to keep two journal files for general notes about meetings, phone calls, etc. One for personal, one for work items. If I press `C-c c j`, then it will capture a personal item. The %a in all of these includes the link to where I was (or a link I had stored with `C-c l`). ``` (setq org-default-notes-file "~/org/tasks.org") (setq org-capture-templates '( ("t" "Todo" entry (file+headline "inbox.org" "Tasks") "* TODO %?\n %i\n %u\n %a") ("n" "Note/Data" entry (file+headline "inbox.org" "Notes/Data") "* %? \n %i\n %u\n %a") ("j" "Journal" entry (file+datetree "~/org/journal.org") "* %?\nEntered on %U\n %i\n %a") ("J" "Work-Journal" entry (file+datetree "~/org/wjournal.org") "* %?\nEntered on %U\n %i\n %a") )) (setq org-irc-link-to-logs t) ``` I like to link by UUIDs, which lets me move things between files without breaking locations. This helps generate UUIDs when I ask Org to store a link target for future insertion. ``` (require 'org-id) (setq org-id-link-to-org-use-id 'create-if-interactive) ``` **Configuration: agenda views** I like my week to start on a Sunday, and for org to note the time when I mark something as done. ``` (setq org-log-done 'time) (setq org-agenda-start-on-weekday 0) ``` **Configuration: files and refiling** Here I tell it what files to use in the agenda, and to add a few more to the plain text search. I like to keep a general inbox (from which I can move, or “refile”, content), and then separate tasks, journal, and knowledge base for personal and work items. ``` (setq org-agenda-files (list "~/org/inbox.org" "~/org/email.org" "~/org/tasks.org" "~/org/wtasks.org" "~/org/journal.org" "~/org/wjournal.org" "~/org/kb.org" "~/org/wkb.org" )) (setq org-agenda-text-search-extra-files (list "~/org/someday.org" "~/org/config.org" )) (setq org-refile-targets '((nil :maxlevel . 2) (org-agenda-files :maxlevel . 2) ("~/org/someday.org" :maxlevel . 2) ("~/org/templates.org" :maxlevel . 2) ) ) (setq org-outline-path-complete-in-steps nil) ; Refile in a single go (setq org-refile-use-outline-path 'file) ``` **Configuration: Appearance** I like a pretty screen. After you’ve gotten used to org a bit, you might try this. ``` (require 'org-bullets) (add-hook 'org-mode-hook (lambda () (org-bullets-mode t))) (setq org-ellipsis "⤵") ``` **Coming up next…** This hopefully showed a few things that org-mode can do. Coming up next, I’ll cover how to customize TODO keywords and tags, archiving old tasks, forwarding emails to org-mode, and using git to synchronize between machines. You can also see a [list of all articles in this series][9]. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- via: https://changelog.complete.org/archives/9865-emacs-2-introducing-org-mode 作者：[John Goerzen][a] 选题：[lujun9972][b] 译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) 本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 [a]: http://changelog.complete.org/archives/author/jgoerzen [b]: https://github.com/lujun9972 [1]: https://changelog.complete.org/archives/9861-emacs-1-ditching-a-bunch-of-stuff-and-moving-to-emacs-and-org-mode [2]: http://www.howardism.org/Technical/Emacs/literate-devops.html [3]: https://orgmode.org/worg/ [4]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oJTwQvgfgMM [5]: https://orgmode.org/guide/Introduction.html#Introduction [6]: https://orgmode.org/guide/Activation.html#Activation [7]: https://orgmode.org/guide/Capture.html#Capture [8]: https://orgmode.org/guide/Capture-templates.html#Capture-templates [9]: https://changelog.complete.org/archives/tag/emacs2018