[#]: collector: "lujun9972" [#]: translator: "lxbwolf" [#]: reviewer: "wxy" [#]: publisher: "wxy" [#]: url: "https://linux.cn/article-11645-1.html" [#]: subject: "Bash Script to View System Information on Linux Every Time You Log into Shell" [#]: via: "https://www.2daygeek.com/bash-shell-script-view-linux-system-information/" [#]: author: "Magesh Maruthamuthu https://www.2daygeek.com/author/magesh/" Bash 脚本实现每次登录到 Shell 时可以查看 Linux 系统信息 ====== Linux 中有很多可以查看系统信息如处理器信息、生产商名字、序列号等的命令。你可能需要执行多个命令来收集这些信息。同时,记住所有的命令和他们的选项也是有难度。 你可以写一个 [shell 脚本](https://www.2daygeek.com/category/shell-script/) 基于你的需求来自定义显示的信息。 以前我们出于不同的目的需要写很多个 [bash 脚本](https://www.2daygeek.com/category/bash-script/)。 现在我们写一个新的 shell 脚本,在每次登录到 shell 时显示需要的系统信息。 这个j脚本有 6 部分,细节如下: 1. 通用系统信息 2. CPU/内存当前使用情况 3. 硬盘使用率超过 80% 4. 列出系统 WWN 详情 5. Oracle DB 实例 6. 可更新的包 我们已经基于我们的需求把可能需要到的信息加到了每个部分。之后你可以基于自己的意愿修改这个脚本。 这个j脚本需要用到很多工具,其中大部分我们之前已经涉及到了。 你可以参照以前文章,了解工具详情。 * [inxi – 在 Linux 上检查硬件信息的绝佳工具][3] * [Dmidecode – 获取 Linux 系统硬件信息的简便方法][4] * [LSHW(硬件列表程序)– 在 Linux 上获取硬件信息的漂亮工具][5] * [hwinfo(硬件信息)– 在 Linux 上检测系统硬件信息的漂亮工具][6] * [python-hwinfo:使用标准 Linux 实用工具显示硬件信息摘要][7] * [如何使用 lspci、lsscsi、lsusb 和 lsblk 获取 Linux 系统设备信息][8] * [如何在 Linux 中检查系统硬件制造商、型号和序列号][9] * [如何在 Linux 中查找 HBA 卡的 WWN、WWNN 和 WWPN 号][10] * [如何从 Linux 命令行检查 HP iLO 固件版本][11] * [如何从 Linux 命令行检查无线网卡和 WiFi 信息][12] * [如何在 Linux 上检查 CPU 和硬盘温度][13] * [Hegemon – Linux 的模块化系统和硬件监视工具][14] * [如何在 Linux 上检查系统配置和硬件信息][15] 如果你想为这个脚本增加其他的信息,请在评论去留下你的需求,以便我们帮助你。 ### Bash 脚本实现每次登录到 Shell 时可以查看 Linux 系统信息 这个脚本会在你每次登录 shell 时把系统信息打印到 terminal。 ``` # vi /opt/scripts/system-info.sh ``` ``` #!/bin/bash echo -e "-------------------------------System Information----------------------------" echo -e "Hostname:\t\t"`hostname` echo -e "uptime:\t\t\t"`uptime | awk '{print $3,$4}' | sed 's/,//'` echo -e "Manufacturer:\t\t"`cat /sys/class/dmi/id/chassis_vendor` echo -e "Product Name:\t\t"`cat /sys/class/dmi/id/product_name` echo -e "Version:\t\t"`cat /sys/class/dmi/id/product_version` echo -e "Serial Number:\t\t"`cat /sys/class/dmi/id/product_serial` echo -e "Machine Type:\t\t"`vserver=$(lscpu | grep Hypervisor | wc -l); if [ $vserver -gt 0 ]; then echo "VM"; else echo "Physical"; fi` echo -e "Operating System:\t"`hostnamectl | grep "Operating System" | cut -d ' ' -f5-` echo -e "Kernel:\t\t\t"`uname -r` echo -e "Architecture:\t\t"`arch` echo -e "Processor Name:\t\t"`awk -F':' '/^model name/ {print $2}' /proc/cpuinfo | uniq | sed -e 's/^[ \t]*//'` echo -e "Active User:\t\t"`w | cut -d ' ' -f1 | grep -v USER | xargs -n1` echo -e "System Main IP:\t\t"`hostname -I` echo "" echo -e "-------------------------------CPU/Memory Usage------------------------------" echo -e "Memory Usage:\t"`free | awk '/Mem/{printf("%.2f%"), $3/$2*100}'` echo -e "Swap Usage:\t"`free | awk '/Swap/{printf("%.2f%"), $3/$2*100}'` echo -e "CPU Usage:\t"`cat /proc/stat | awk '/cpu/{printf("%.2f%\n"), ($2+$4)*100/($2+$4+$5)}' | awk '{print $0}' | head -1` echo "" echo -e "-------------------------------Disk Usage >80%-------------------------------" df -Ph | sed s/%//g | awk '{ if($5 > 80) print $0;}' echo "" echo -e "-------------------------------For WWN Details-------------------------------" vserver=$(lscpu | grep Hypervisor | wc -l) if [ $vserver -gt 0 ] then echo "$(hostname) is a VM" else cat /sys/class/fc_host/host?/port_name fi echo "" echo -e "-------------------------------Oracle DB Instances---------------------------" if id oracle >/dev/null 2>&1; then /bin/ps -ef|grep pmon then else echo "oracle user does not exist on $(hostname)" fi echo "" if (( $(cat /etc/*-release | grep -w "Oracle|Red Hat|CentOS|Fedora" | wc -l) > 0 )) then echo -e "-------------------------------Package Updates-------------------------------" yum updateinfo summary | grep 'Security|Bugfix|Enhancement' echo -e "-----------------------------------------------------------------------------" else echo -e "-------------------------------Package Updates-------------------------------" cat /var/lib/update-notifier/updates-available echo -e "-----------------------------------------------------------------------------" fi ``` 把上面脚本内容保存到一个文件 `system-info.sh`,之后添加可执行权限: ``` # chmod +x ~root/system-info.sh ``` 当脚本准备好后,把脚本文件的路径加到 `.bash_profile` 文件末尾(红帽系列的系统:CentOS、Oracle Linux 和 Fedora): ``` # echo "/root/system-info.sh" >> ~root/.bash_profile ``` 执行以下命令,来让修改的内容生效: ``` # source ~root/.bash_profile ``` 对于 Debian 系统的系统,你可能需要把文件路径加到 `.profile` 文件中: ``` # echo "/root/system-info.sh" >> ~root/.profile ``` 运行以下命令使修改生效: ``` # source ~root/.profile ``` 你以前运行上面 `source` 命令时可能见过类似下面的输出。从下次开始,你在每次登录 shell 时会看到这些信息。当然,如果有必要你也可以随时手动执行这个脚本。 ``` -------------------------------System Information--------------------------- Hostname: daygeek-Y700 uptime: 1:20 1 Manufacturer: LENOVO Product Name: 80NV Version: Lenovo ideapad Y700-15ISK Serial Number: AA0CMRN1 Machine Type: Physical Operating System: Manjaro Linux Kernel: 4.19.80-1-MANJARO Architecture: x86_64 Processor Name: Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-6700HQ CPU @ 2.60GHz Active User: daygeek renu thanu System Main IP: 192.168.1.6 192.168.122.1 -------------------------------CPU/Memory Usage------------------------------ Memory Usage: 37.28% Swap Usage: 0.00% CPU Usage: 15.43% -------------------------------Disk Usage >80%------------------------------- Filesystem Size Used Avail Use Mounted on /dev/nvme0n1p1 217G 202G 4.6G 98 / /dev/loop0 109M 109M 0 100 /var/lib/snapd/snap/odrive-unofficial/2 /dev/loop1 91M 91M 0 100 /var/lib/snapd/snap/core/6405 /dev/loop2 90M 90M 0 100 /var/lib/snapd/snap/core/7713 -------------------------------For WWN Details------------------------------- CentOS8.2daygeek.com is a VM -------------------------------Oracle DB Instances--------------------------- oracle user does not exist on CentOS8.2daygeek.com -------------------------------Package Updates------------------------------- 13 Security notice(s) 9 Important Security notice(s) 3 Moderate Security notice(s) 1 Low Security notice(s) 35 Bugfix notice(s) 1 Enhancement notice(s) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- ``` -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- via: https://www.2daygeek.com/bash-shell-script-view-linux-system-information/ 作者:[Magesh Maruthamuthu][a] 选题:[lujun9972][b] 译者:[lxbwolf](https://github.com/lxbwolf) 校对:[wxy](https://github.com/wxy) 本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译,[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 [a]: https://www.2daygeek.com/author/magesh/ [b]: https://github.com/lujun9972 [1]: https://www.2daygeek.com/category/shell-script/ [2]: https://www.2daygeek.com/category/bash-script/ [3]: https://www.2daygeek.com/inxi-system-hardware-information-on-linux/ [4]: https://www.2daygeek.com/dmidecode-get-print-display-check-linux-system-hardware-information/ [5]: https://www.2daygeek.com/lshw-find-check-system-hardware-information-details-linux/ [6]: https://www.2daygeek.com/hwinfo-check-display-detect-system-hardware-information-linux/ [7]: https://www.2daygeek.com/python-hwinfo-check-display-system-hardware-configuration-information-linux/ [8]: https://www.2daygeek.com/check-system-hardware-devices-bus-information-lspci-lsscsi-lsusb-lsblk-linux/ [9]: https://www.2daygeek.com/how-to-check-system-hardware-manufacturer-model-and-serial-number-in-linux/ [10]: https://www.2daygeek.com/how-to-find-wwn-wwnn-and-wwpn-number-of-hba-card-in-linux/ [11]: https://www.2daygeek.com/how-to-check-hp-ilo-firmware-version-from-linux-command-line/ [12]: https://www.2daygeek.com/linux-find-out-wireless-network-wifi-speed-signal-strength-quality/ [13]: https://www.2daygeek.com/view-check-cpu-hard-disk-temperature-linux/ [14]: https://www.2daygeek.com/hegemon-a-modular-system-and-hardware-monitoring-tool-for-linux/ [15]: https://www.2daygeek.com/check-linux-hardware-information-system-configuration/