[#]: collector: (lujun9972) [#]: translator: ( ) [#]: reviewer: ( ) [#]: publisher: ( ) [#]: url: ( ) [#]: subject: (PowerTOP – Monitors Power Usage and Improve Laptop Battery Life in Linux) [#]: via: (https://www.2daygeek.com/powertop-monitors-laptop-battery-usage-linux/) [#]: author: (Vinoth Kumar https://www.2daygeek.com/author/vinoth/) PowerTOP – Monitors Power Usage and Improve Laptop Battery Life in Linux ====== We all know, we almost 80-90% migrated from PC (Desktop) to laptop. But one thing we want from a laptop, it’s long battery life and we want to use every drop of power. So it’s good to know where our power is going and getting waste. You can use the powertop utility to see what’s drawing power when your system’s not plugged in. You need to run the powertop utility in terminal with super user privilege. It will access the hardware and measure power usage. ### What is PowerTOP PowerTOP is a Linux tool to diagnose issues with power consumption and power management. It was developed by Intel to enable various power-saving modes in kernel, userspace, and hardware. In addition to being a diagnostic tool, PowerTOP also has an interactive mode where the user can experiment various power management settings for cases where the Linux distribution has not enabled these settings. It is possible to monitor processes and show which of them are utilizing the CPU and wake it from its Idle-States, allowing to identify applications with particular high power demands. ### How to Install PowerTOP PowerTOP package is available in most of the distributions official repository so, use the distributions **[Package Manager][1]** to install it. For **`Fedora`** system, use **[DNF Command][2]** to install PowerTOP. ``` $ sudo dnf install powertop ``` For **`Debian/Ubuntu`** systems, use **[APT-GET Command][3]** or **[APT Command][4]** to install PowerTOP. ``` $ sudo apt install powertop ``` For **`Arch Linux`** based systems, use **[Pacman Command][5]** to install PowerTOP. ``` $ sudo pacman -S powertop ``` For **`RHEL/CentOS`** systems, use **[YUM Command][6]** to install PowerTOP. ``` $ sudo yum install powertop ``` For **`openSUSE Leap`** system, use **[Zypper Command][7]** to install PowerTOP. ``` $ sudo zypper install powertop ``` ### How To Access PowerTOP PowerTOP requires super user privilege so, run as root to use PowerTOP utility on your Linux system. By default it shows `Overview` tab where we can see the power usage consumption for all the devices. Also shows your system wakeups seconds. ``` $ sudo powertop PowerTOP v2.9 Overview Idle stats Frequency stats Device stats Tunables The battery reports a discharge rate of 12.6 W The power consumed was 259 J The estimated remaining time is 1 hours, 52 minutes Summary: 1692.9 wakeups/second, 0.0 GPU ops/seconds, 0.0 VFS ops/sec and 54.9% CPU use Usage Events/s Category Description 9.3 ms/s 529.4 Timer tick_sched_timer 378.5 ms/s 139.8 Process [PID 2991] /usr/lib/firefox/firefox -contentproc -childID 7 -isForBrowser -prefsLen 8314 -prefMapSize 173895 -schedulerPrefs 00 7.5 ms/s 141.7 Timer hrtimer_wakeup 3.3 ms/s 102.7 Process [PID 1527] /usr/lib/firefox/firefox --new-window 11.6 ms/s 69.1 Process [PID 1568] /usr/lib/firefox/firefox -contentproc -childID 1 -isForBrowser -prefsLen 1 -prefMapSize 173895 -schedulerPrefs 0001, 6.2 ms/s 59.0 Process [PID 1496] /usr/lib/firefox/firefox --new-window 2.1 ms/s 59.6 Process [PID 2466] /usr/lib/firefox/firefox -contentproc -childID 3 -isForBrowser -prefsLen 5814 -prefMapSize 173895 -schedulerPrefs 00 1.8 ms/s 52.3 Process [PID 2052] /usr/lib/firefox/firefox -contentproc -childID 4 -isForBrowser -prefsLen 5814 -prefMapSize 173895 -schedulerPrefs 00 1.8 ms/s 50.8 Process [PID 3034] /usr/lib/firefox/firefox -contentproc -childID 7 -isForBrowser -prefsLen 8314 -prefMapSize 173895 -schedulerPrefs 00 3.6 ms/s 48.4 Process [PID 3009] /usr/lib/firefox/firefox -contentproc -childID 7 -isForBrowser -prefsLen 8314 -prefMapSize 173895 -schedulerPrefs 00 7.5 ms/s 46.2 Process [PID 2996] /usr/lib/firefox/firefox -contentproc -childID 7 -isForBrowser -prefsLen 8314 -prefMapSize 173895 -schedulerPrefs 00 25.2 ms/s 33.6 Process [PID 1528] /usr/lib/firefox/firefox --new-window 5.7 ms/s 32.2 Interrupt [7] sched(softirq) 2.1 ms/s 32.2 Process [PID 1811] /usr/lib/firefox/firefox -contentproc -childID 4 -isForBrowser -prefsLen 5814 -prefMapSize 173895 -schedulerPrefs 00 19.7 ms/s 25.0 Process [PID 1794] /usr/lib/firefox/firefox -contentproc -childID 4 -isForBrowser -prefsLen 5814 -prefMapSize 173895 -schedulerPrefs 00 1.9 ms/s 31.5 Process [PID 1596] /usr/lib/firefox/firefox -contentproc -childID 1 -isForBrowser -prefsLen 1 -prefMapSize 173895 -schedulerPrefs 0001, 3.1 ms/s 29.9 Process [PID 1535] /usr/lib/firefox/firefox --new-window 7.1 ms/s 28.2 Process [PID 1488] /usr/lib/firefox/firefox --new-window 1.8 ms/s 29.5 Process [PID 1762] /usr/lib/firefox/firefox -contentproc -childID 3 -isForBrowser -prefsLen 5814 -prefMapSize 173895 -schedulerPrefs 00 8.8 ms/s 23.3 Process [PID 1121] /usr/bin/gnome-shell 1.2 ms/s 21.8 Process [PID 1657] /usr/lib/firefox/firefox -contentproc -childID 2 -isForBrowser -prefsLen 920 -prefMapSize 173895 -schedulerPrefs 000 13.3 ms/s 13.9 Process [PID 1746] /usr/lib/firefox/firefox -contentproc -childID 3 -isForBrowser -prefsLen 5814 -prefMapSize 173895 -schedulerPrefs 00 2.7 ms/s 11.1 Process [PID 3410] /usr/lib/gnome-terminal-server 3.8 ms/s 10.8 Process [PID 1057] /usr/lib/Xorg vt2 -displayfd 3 -auth /run/user/1000/gdm/Xauthority -nolisten tcp -background none -noreset -keeptty 3.1 ms/s 9.8 Process [PID 1629] /usr/lib/firefox/firefox -contentproc -childID 2 -isForBrowser -prefsLen 920 -prefMapSize 173895 -schedulerPrefs 000 0.9 ms/s 6.7 Interrupt [136] xhci_hcd 278.0 us/s 6.4 Process [PID 414] [irq/141-iwlwifi] 128.7 us/s 5.7 Process [PID 1] /sbin/init 118.5 us/s 5.2 Process [PID 10] [rcu_preempt] 49.0 us/s 4.7 Interrupt [0] HI_SOFTIRQ 459.3 us/s 3.1 Interrupt [142] i915 2.1 ms/s 2.3 Process [PID 3451] powertop 8.4 us/s 2.7 kWork intel_atomic_helper_free_state_ 1.2 ms/s 1.8 kWork intel_atomic_commit_work 374.2 us/s 2.1 Interrupt [9] acpi 42.1 us/s 1.8 kWork intel_atomic_cleanup_work 3.5 ms/s 0.25 kWork delayed_fput 238.0 us/s 1.5 Process [PID 907] /usr/lib/upowerd 17.7 us/s 1.5 Timer intel_uncore_fw_release_timer 26.4 us/s 1.4 Process [PID 576] [i915/signal:0] 19.8 us/s 1.3 Timer watchdog_timer_fn 1.1 ms/s 0.00 Process [PID 206] [kworker/7:2] 2.4 ms/s 0.00 Interrupt [1] timer(softirq) 13.4 us/s 0.9 Process [PID 9] [ksoftirqd/0] Exit | / Navigate | ``` The powertop output looks similar to the above screenshot, it will be slightly different based on your hardware. This have many screen you can switch between screen the using `Tab` and `Shift+Tab` button. ### Idle Stats Tab It displays various information about the processor. ``` PowerTOP v2.9 Overview Idle stats Frequency stats Device stats Tunables Package | Core | CPU 0 CPU 4 | | C0 active 6.7% 7.2% | | POLL 0.0% 0.1 ms 0.0% 0.1 ms | | C1E 1.2% 0.2 ms 1.6% 0.3 ms C2 (pc2) 7.5% | | C3 (pc3) 25.2% | C3 (cc3) 0.7% | C3 0.5% 0.2 ms 0.6% 0.1 ms C6 (pc6) 0.0% | C6 (cc6) 7.1% | C6 6.6% 0.5 ms 6.3% 0.5 ms C7 (pc7) 0.0% | C7 (cc7) 59.8% | C7s 0.0% 0.0 ms 0.0% 0.0 ms C8 (pc8) 0.0% | | C8 33.9% 1.6 ms 32.3% 1.5 ms C9 (pc9) 0.0% | | C9 2.1% 3.4 ms 0.7% 2.8 ms C10 (pc10) 0.0% | | C10 39.5% 4.7 ms 41.4% 4.7 ms | Core | CPU 1 CPU 5 | | C0 active 8.3% 7.2% | | POLL 0.0% 0.0 ms 0.0% 0.1 ms | | C1E 1.3% 0.2 ms 1.4% 0.3 ms | | | C3 (cc3) 0.5% | C3 0.5% 0.2 ms 0.4% 0.2 ms | C6 (cc6) 6.0% | C6 5.3% 0.5 ms 4.7% 0.5 ms | C7 (cc7) 59.3% | C7s 0.0% 0.8 ms 0.0% 1.0 ms | | C8 27.2% 1.5 ms 23.8% 1.4 ms | | C9 1.6% 3.0 ms 0.5% 3.0 ms | | C10 44.5% 4.7 ms 52.2% 4.6 ms | Core | CPU 2 CPU 6 | | C0 active 11.2% 8.4% | | POLL 0.0% 0.0 ms 0.0% 0.0 ms | | C1E 1.4% 0.4 ms 1.3% 0.3 ms | | | C3 (cc3) 0.3% | C3 0.2% 0.1 ms 0.4% 0.2 ms | C6 (cc6) 4.0% | C6 3.7% 0.5 ms 4.3% 0.5 ms | C7 (cc7) 54.2% | C7s 0.0% 0.0 ms 0.0% 1.0 ms | | C8 20.0% 1.5 ms 20.7% 1.4 ms | | C9 1.0% 3.4 ms 0.4% 3.8 ms | | C10 48.8% 4.6 ms 52.3% 5.0 ms | Core | CPU 3 CPU 7 | | C0 active 8.8% 8.1% | | POLL 0.0% 0.1 ms 0.0% 0.0 ms | | C1E 1.2% 0.2 ms 1.2% 0.2 ms | | | C3 (cc3) 0.6% | C3 0.6% 0.2 ms 0.4% 0.2 ms | C6 (cc6) 7.0% | C6 7.5% 0.5 ms 4.4% 0.5 ms | C7 (cc7) 56.8% | C7s 0.0% 0.0 ms 0.0% 0.9 ms | | C8 29.4% 1.4 ms 23.8% 1.4 ms | | C9 1.1% 2.7 ms 0.7% 3.9 ms | | C10 41.0% 4.0 ms 50.0% 4.8 ms Exit | / Navigate | ``` ### Frequency Stats Tab It displays the frequency of CPU. ``` PowerTOP v2.9 Overview Idle stats Frequency stats Device stats Tunables Package | Core | CPU 0 CPU 4 | | Average 930 MHz 1101 MHz Idle | Idle | Idle | Core | CPU 1 CPU 5 | | Average 1063 MHz 979 MHz | Idle | Idle | Core | CPU 2 CPU 6 | | Average 976 MHz 942 MHz | Idle | Idle | Core | CPU 3 CPU 7 | | Average 924 MHz 957 MHz | Idle | Idle ``` ### Device Stats Tab It displays power usage information against only devices. ``` PowerTOP v2.9 Overview Idle stats Frequency stats Device stats Tunables The battery reports a discharge rate of 13.8 W The power consumed was 280 J Usage Device name 46.7% CPU misc 46.7% DRAM 46.7% CPU core 19.0% Display backlight 0.0% Audio codec hwC0D0: Realtek 0.0% USB device: Lenovo EasyCamera (160709000341) 100.0% PCI Device: Intel Corporation HD Graphics 530 100.0% Radio device: iwlwifi 100.0% PCI Device: O2 Micro, Inc. SD/MMC Card Reader Controller 100.0% PCI Device: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v5/E3-1500 v5/6th Gen Core Processor Host Bridge/DRAM Registers 100.0% USB device: Lenovo Wireless Optical Mouse N100 100.0% PCI Device: Intel Corporation Wireless 8260 100.0% PCI Device: Intel Corporation HM170/QM170 Chipset SATA Controller [AHCI Mode] 100.0% Radio device: btusb 100.0% PCI Device: Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #4 100.0% USB device: xHCI Host Controller 100.0% PCI Device: Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family USB 3.0 xHCI Controller 100.0% PCI Device: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller 100.0% PCI Device: Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #3 100.0% PCI Device: Samsung Electronics Co Ltd NVMe SSD Controller SM951/PM951 100.0% PCI Device: Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #2 100.0% PCI Device: Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #9 100.0% PCI Device: Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family SMBus 26.1 pkts/s Network interface: wlp8s0 (iwlwifi) 0.0% USB device: usb-device-8087-0a2b 0.0% runtime-reg-dummy 0.0% Audio codec hwC0D2: Intel 0.0 pkts/s Network interface: enp9s0 (r8168) 0.0% PCI Device: Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family Power Management Controller 0.0% PCI Device: Intel Corporation HM170 Chipset LPC/eSPI Controller 0.0% PCI Device: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v5/E3-1500 v5/6th Gen Core Processor PCIe Controller (x16) 0.0% PCI Device: Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family MEI Controller #1 0.0% PCI Device: NVIDIA Corporation GM107M [GeForce GTX 960M] 0.0% I2C Adapter (i2c-8): nvkm-0000:01:00.0-bus-0005 0.0% runtime-PNP0C14:00 0.0% PCI Device: Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family HD Audio Controller 0.0% runtime-PNP0C0C:00 0.0% USB device: xHCI Host Controller 0.0% runtime-ACPI000C:00 0.0% runtime-regulatory.0 0.0% runtime-PNP0C14:01 0.0% runtime-vesa-framebuffer.0 0.0% runtime-coretemp.0 0.0% runtime-alarmtimer Exit | / Navigate | ``` ### Tunables Stats Tab This tab is important area that provides suggestions to optimize your laptop battery. ``` PowerTOP v2.9 Overview Idle stats Frequency stats Device stats Tunables >> Bad Enable SATA link power management for host2 Bad Enable SATA link power management for host3 Bad Enable SATA link power management for host0 Bad Enable SATA link power management for host1 Bad VM writeback timeout Bad Autosuspend for USB device Lenovo Wireless Optical Mouse N100 [1-2] Good Bluetooth device interface status Good Enable Audio codec power management Good NMI watchdog should be turned off Good Runtime PM for I2C Adapter i2c-7 (nvkm-0000:01:00.0-bus-0002) Good Autosuspend for unknown USB device 1-11 (8087:0a2b) Good Runtime PM for I2C Adapter i2c-3 (i915 gmbus dpd) Good Autosuspend for USB device Lenovo EasyCamera [160709000341] Good Runtime PM for I2C Adapter i2c-1 (i915 gmbus dpc) Good Runtime PM for I2C Adapter i2c-12 (nvkm-0000:01:00.0-bus-0009) Good Autosuspend for USB device xHCI Host Controller [usb1] Good Runtime PM for I2C Adapter i2c-13 (nvkm-0000:01:00.0-aux-000a) Good Runtime PM for I2C Adapter i2c-2 (i915 gmbus dpb) Good Runtime PM for I2C Adapter i2c-8 (nvkm-0000:01:00.0-bus-0005) Good Runtime PM for I2C Adapter i2c-15 (nvkm-0000:01:00.0-aux-000c) Good Runtime PM for I2C Adapter i2c-16 (nvkm-0000:01:00.0-aux-000d) Good Runtime PM for I2C Adapter i2c-5 (nvkm-0000:01:00.0-bus-0000) Good Runtime PM for I2C Adapter i2c-0 (SMBus I801 adapter at 6040) Good Runtime PM for I2C Adapter i2c-11 (nvkm-0000:01:00.0-bus-0008) Good Runtime PM for I2C Adapter i2c-14 (nvkm-0000:01:00.0-aux-000b) Good Autosuspend for USB device xHCI Host Controller [usb2] Good Runtime PM for I2C Adapter i2c-9 (nvkm-0000:01:00.0-bus-0006) Good Runtime PM for I2C Adapter i2c-10 (nvkm-0000:01:00.0-bus-0007) Good Runtime PM for I2C Adapter i2c-6 (nvkm-0000:01:00.0-bus-0001) Good Runtime PM for PCI Device Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family HD Audio Controller Good Runtime PM for PCI Device Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family USB 3.0 xHCI Controller Good Runtime PM for PCI Device Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v5/E3-1500 v5/6th Gen Core Processor Host Bridge/DRAM Registers Good Runtime PM for PCI Device Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #9 Good Runtime PM for PCI Device Intel Corporation HD Graphics 530 Good Runtime PM for PCI Device Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller Good Runtime PM for PCI Device Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #3 Good Runtime PM for PCI Device O2 Micro, Inc. SD/MMC Card Reader Controller Good Runtime PM for PCI Device Intel Corporation HM170 Chipset LPC/eSPI Controller Good Runtime PM for PCI Device Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family MEI Controller #1 Good Runtime PM for PCI Device Samsung Electronics Co Ltd NVMe SSD Controller SM951/PM951 Good Runtime PM for PCI Device Intel Corporation HM170/QM170 Chipset SATA Controller [AHCI Mode] Good Runtime PM for PCI Device Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family Power Management Controller Good Runtime PM for PCI Device Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #2 Good Runtime PM for PCI Device Intel Corporation Wireless 8260 Good Runtime PM for PCI Device Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v5/E3-1500 v5/6th Gen Core Processor PCIe Controller (x16) Good Runtime PM for PCI Device Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #4 Good Runtime PM for PCI Device Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family SMBus Good Runtime PM for PCI Device NVIDIA Corporation GM107M [GeForce GTX 960M] Exit | Toggle tunable | Window refresh ``` ### How To Generate PowerTop HTML Report Run the following command to generate the PowerTop HTML report. ``` $ sudo powertop --html=powertop.html modprobe cpufreq_stats failedLoaded 100 prior measurements Cannot load from file /var/cache/powertop/saved_parameters.powertop File will be loaded after taking minimum number of measurement(s) with battery only RAPL device for cpu 0 RAPL Using PowerCap Sysfs : Domain Mask f RAPL device for cpu 0 RAPL Using PowerCap Sysfs : Domain Mask f Devfreq not enabled glob returned GLOB_ABORTED Cannot load from file /var/cache/powertop/saved_parameters.powertop File will be loaded after taking minimum number of measurement(s) with battery only Preparing to take measurements To show power estimates do 182 measurement(s) connected to battery only Taking 1 measurement(s) for a duration of 20 second(s) each. PowerTOP outputing using base filename powertop.html ``` Navigate to `file:///home/daygeek/powertop.html` file to access the generated PowerTOP HTML report. ![][9] ### Auto-Tune mode This feature sets all tunable options from `BAD` to `GOOD` which increase the laptop battery life in Linux. ``` $ sudo powertop --auto-tune modprobe cpufreq_stats failedLoaded 210 prior measurements Cannot load from file /var/cache/powertop/saved_parameters.powertop File will be loaded after taking minimum number of measurement(s) with battery only RAPL device for cpu 0 RAPL Using PowerCap Sysfs : Domain Mask f RAPL device for cpu 0 RAPL Using PowerCap Sysfs : Domain Mask f Devfreq not enabled glob returned GLOB_ABORTED Cannot load from file /var/cache/powertop/saved_parameters.powertop File will be loaded after taking minimum number of measurement(s) with battery only To show power estimates do 72 measurement(s) connected to battery only Leaving PowerTOP ``` -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- via: https://www.2daygeek.com/powertop-monitors-laptop-battery-usage-linux/ 作者：[Vinoth Kumar][a] 选题：[lujun9972][b] 译者：[译者ID](https://github.com/译者ID) 校对：[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) 本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 [a]: https://www.2daygeek.com/author/vinoth/ [b]: https://github.com/lujun9972 [1]: https://www.2daygeek.com/category/package-management/ [2]: https://www.2daygeek.com/dnf-command-examples-manage-packages-fedora-system/ [3]: https://www.2daygeek.com/apt-get-apt-cache-command-examples-manage-packages-debian-ubuntu-systems/ [4]: https://www.2daygeek.com/apt-command-examples-manage-packages-debian-ubuntu-systems/ [5]: https://www.2daygeek.com/pacman-command-examples-manage-packages-arch-linux-system/ [6]: https://www.2daygeek.com/yum-command-examples-manage-packages-rhel-centos-systems/ [7]: https://www.2daygeek.com/zypper-command-examples-manage-packages-opensuse-system/ [8]: data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7 [9]: https://www.2daygeek.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/powertop-html-output.jpg