在RHEL/CentOS 7.0中安装LAMP(Linux、 Apache、 MariaDB、 PHP/PhpMyAdmin) ================================================================================ 跳过LAMP的介绍因为我认为你们大多数已经知道了。这个教程会集中在如何在升级到Apache 2.4的 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.0 和 CentOS 7.0中安装和配置LAMP-Linux Apache、 MariaDB、 PHP、PhpMyAdmin。 ![Install LAMP in CentOS 7](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/Install-LAMP-in-CentOS-7.jpg) 在RHEL/CentOS 7.0中安装LAMP #### 要求 #### 根据使用的发行版,RHEL 或者 CentOS 7.0使用下面的链接来执行最小的系统安装,网络使用静态ip **对于RHEL 7.0** - [RHEL 7.0安装过程][1] - [在RHEL 7.0中注册和启用订阅仓库][2] **对于 CentOS 7.0** - [CentOS 7.0 安装过程][3] ### 第一步: 使用基本配置安装apache ### **1. 在执行最小系统安装并配置[在RHEL/CentOS 7.0中配置静态ip][4]**就可以从使用下面的命令从官方仓库安装最新的Apache 2.4 httpd服务。 # yum install httpd ![Install Apache in CentOS 7](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/Install-Apache-in-CentOS-7.png) 安装apache服务 **2. 安装安城后,使用下面的命令来管理apache守护进程,因为RHEL and CentOS 7.0都将init脚本从SysV升级到了systemd - 你也可以同事使用SysV和Apache脚本来管理服务。** # systemctl status|start|stop|restart|reload httpd 或者 # service httpd status|start|stop|restart|reload 或者 # apachectl configtest| graceful ![Start Apache in CentOS 7](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/Start-Apache-in-CentOS-7.png) 启动apache服务 **3. 下一步使用systemd初始化脚本来启动apache服务并用firewall-cmd打开RHEL/CentOS 7.0防火墙规则, 这是通过firewalld守护进程管理iptables的默认命令。** # firewall-cmd --add-service=http **注意**:上面的命令会在系统重启或者firewalld服务重启后失效,因为它是即时的规则,它不会永久生效。要使iptables规则在fiewwall中持久化,使用-permanent选项并重启firewalld服务来生效。 # firewall-cmd --permanent --add-service=http # systemctl restart firewalld ![Enable Firewall in CentOS 7](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/Enable-Firewall-in-CentOS-7.png) 在CentOS 7中启用Firewall 下面是firewalld其他的重要选项: # firewall-cmd --state # firewall-cmd --list-all # firewall-cmd --list-interfaces # firewall-cmd --get-service # firewall-cmd --query-service service_name # firewall-cmd --add-port=8080/tcp **4. 要验证apache的功能,打开一个远程浏览器并使用http协议输入你服务器的ip地址(http://server_IP), 应该会显示下图中的默认页面。** ![Apache Default Page](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/Apache-Default-Page.png) Apache默认页 **5. 现在apache的根地址在/var/www/html,该目录中没有提供任何index文件。如果你想要看见根目录下的文件夹列表,打开apache欢迎配置文件并设置 下Indexes前的状态从-到+,下面的截图就是一个例子。** # nano /etc/httpd/conf.d/welcome.conf ![Apache Directory Listing](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/Apache-Directory-Listing.png) Apache目录列出 **6. 关闭文件,重启apache服务来使设置生效,重载页面来看最终效果。** # systemctl restart httpd ![Apache Index File](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/Apache-Index-File.png) Apache Index 文件 ### 第二步: 为Apache安装php5支持 ### **7. 在为apache安装php支持之前,使用下面的命令的得到所有可用的php模块和扩展。** # yum search php ![Install PHP in CentOS 7](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/Install-PHP-in-CentOS-7.png) 在 **8. Depending on what type of applications you want to use, install the required PHP modules from the above list, but for a basic MariaDB support in PHP and PhpMyAdmin you need to install the following modules.** # yum install php php-mysql php-pdo php-gd php-mbstring ![Install PHP Modules in CentOS 7](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/Install-PHP-Modules-in-CentOS-7.png) Install PHP Modules ![Install PHP mbstring Module](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/Install-PHP-mbstring-in-CentOs-7.png) Install PHP mbstring Module **9. To get a full information list on PHP from your browser, create a info.php file on Apache Document Root using the following command from root account, restart httpd service and direct your browser to the http://server_IP/info.php address.** # echo "" > /var/www/html/info.php # systemctl restart httpd ![Check PHP Info in CentOS 7](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/Check-PHP-Info-in-CentOS-7.png) Check PHP Info in CentOS 7 **10. If you get an error on PHP Date and Timezone, open php.ini configuration file, search and uncomment date.timezone statement, append your physical location and restart Apache daemon.** # nano /etc/php.ini Locate and change date.timezone line to look like this, using [PHP Supported Timezones list][5]. date.timezone = Continent/City ![Set Timezone in PHP](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/Set-Time-Zone-in-CentOS.png) Set Timezone in PHP ### Step 3: Install and Configure MariaDB Database ### **11. Red Hat Enterprise Linux/CentOS 7.0 switched from MySQL to MariaDB for its default database management system. To install MariaDB database use the following command.** # yum install mariadb-server mariadb ![Install MariaDB in CentOS 7](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/Install-MariaDB-in-CentOs-7.png) 在CentOS 7中安装PHP ***12. 安装MariaDB后,开启数据库守护进程并使用mysql_secure_installation脚本来保护数据库(设置root密码、禁止远程root登录、移除测试数据库、移除匿名用户)** # systemctl start mariadb # mysql_secure_installation ![Start MariaDB Database](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/Start-MariaDB-in-CentOS-7.png) 启动MariaDB数据库 ![Secure MySQL Installation](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/Secure-MySQL-Installation.png) MySQL安全设置 **13. 要测试数据库功能,使用root账户登录MariaDB并用quit退出。** mysql -u root -p MariaDB > SHOW VARIABLES; MariaDB > quit ![Connect MySQL Database in CentOS](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/Connect-MySQL-Installation.png) 连接MySQL数据库 ### 第四步: 安装PhpMyAdmin ### **14. RHEL 7.0 或者 CentOS 7.0仓库默认没有提供PhpMyAdmin二进制安装包。如果你不适应使用MySQL命令行来管理你的数据库,你可以通过下面的命令启用CentOS 7.0 rpmforge仓库来安装PhpMyAdmin。** # yum install http://pkgs.repoforge.org/rpmforge-release/rpmforge-release-0.5.3-1.el7.rf.x86_64.rpm 启用rpmforge仓库后,下面安装PhpMyAdmin。 # yum install phpmyadmin ![Enable RPMForge in CentOS 7](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/Enable-RPMForge-in-CentOS-7.png) 启用RPMForge仓库 **15. 下面配置PhpMyAdmin的phpmyadmin.conf来允许远程连接,它位于Apache conf.d目录下,并注释掉下面的行。** # nano /etc/httpd/conf.d/phpmyadmin.conf 使用#来注释掉行。 # Order Deny,Allow # Deny from all # Allow from 127.0.0.1 ![Allow Remote PhpMyAdmin Access](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/Allow-Remote-PhpMyAdmin-Access.png) 允许远程PhpMyAdmin访问 **16. 要使用cookie验证来登录PhpMyAdmin,像下面的截图那样使用[生成字符串][6]添加一个blowfish字符串到config.inc.php文件下,重启apache服务并打开URL:http://server_IP/phpmyadmin/。** # nano /etc/httpd/conf.d/phpmyadmin.conf # systemctl restart httpd ![Add Blowfish in PhpMyAdmin](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/Add-Blowfish-PhpMyAdmin.png) 在PhpMyAdmin中添加Blowfish ![PhpMyAdmin Dashboard](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/Login-to-PhpMyAdmin.png) PhpMyAdmin面板 ### 第五步: 系统范围启用LAMP ### **17. 如果你需要在重启后自动运行MariaDB和Apache服务,你需要系统级地启用它们。** # systemctl enable mariadb # systemctl enable httpd ![Enable Services System Wide](http://www.tecmint.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/Enable-Services-System-Wide.png) 系统级启用服务 这就是在Red Hat Enterprise 7.0或者CentOS 7.0中安装LAMP的过程。CentOS/RHEL 7.0上关于LAMP洗系列文章将会讨论在Apache中创建虚拟主机,生成SSL证书、密钥和添加SSL事物支持。 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- via: http://www.tecmint.com/install-lamp-in-centos-7/ 作者:[Matei Cezar][a] 译者:[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi) 校对:[校对者ID](https://github.com/校对者ID) 本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译,[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 [a]:http://www.tecmint.com/author/cezarmatei/ [1]:http://www.tecmint.com/redhat-enterprise-linux-7-installation/ [2]:http://www.tecmint.com/enable-redhat-subscription-reposiories-and-updates-for-rhel-7/ [3]:http://www.tecmint.com/centos-7-installation/ [4]:http://www.tecmint.com/configure-network-interface-in-rhel-centos-7-0/ [5]:http://php.net/manual/en/timezones.php [6]:http://www.question-defense.com/tools/phpmyadmin-blowfish-secret-generator