[#]: collector: (lujun9972)
[#]: translator: (geekpi)
[#]: reviewer: (wxy)
[#]: publisher: (wxy)
[#]: url: (https://linux.cn/article-11580-1.html)
[#]: subject: (Bash Script to Generate Patching Compliance Report on CentOS/RHEL Systems)
[#]: via: (https://www.2daygeek.com/bash-script-to-generate-patching-compliance-report-on-centos-rhel-systems/)
[#]: author: (Magesh Maruthamuthu https://www.2daygeek.com/author/magesh/)

在 CentOS/RHEL 系统上生成补丁合规报告的 Bash 脚本
======

![](https://img.linux.net.cn/data/attachment/album/201911/16/101428n1nsj74wifp4k1dz.jpg)

如果你运行的是大型 Linux 环境,那么你可能已经将 Red Hat 与 Satellite 集成了。如果是的话,你不必担心补丁合规性报告,因为有一种方法可以从 Satellite 服务器导出它。

但是,如果你运行的是没有 Satellite 集成的小型 Red Hat 环境,或者它是 CentOS 系统,那么此脚本将帮助你创建该报告。

补丁合规性报告通常每月创建一次或三个月一次,具体取决于公司的需求。根据你的需要添加 cronjob 来自动执行此功能。

此 [bash 脚本][1] 通常适合于少于 50 个系统运行,但没有限制。

保持系统最新是 Linux 管理员的一项重要任务,它使你的计算机非常稳定和安全。

以下文章可以帮助你了解有关在红帽 (RHEL) 和 CentOS 系统上安装安全修补程序的更多详细信息。

  * [如何在 CentOS 或 RHEL 系统上检查可用的安全更新?][2]
  * [在 RHEL 和 CentOS 系统上安装安全更新的四种方法][3]
  * [在 RHEL 和 CentOS 上检查或列出已安装的安全更新的两种方法][4]

此教程中包含四个 [shell 脚本][5],请选择适合你的脚本。

### 方法 1:为 CentOS / RHEL 系统上的安全修补生成补丁合规性报告的 Bash 脚本

此脚本只会生成安全修补合规性报告。它会通过纯文本发送邮件。

```
# vi /opt/scripts/small-scripts/sec-errata.sh

#!/bin/sh
/tmp/sec-up.txt
SUBJECT="Patching Reports on "date""
MESSAGE="/tmp/sec-up.txt"
TO="[email protected]"
echo "+---------------+-----------------------------+" >> $MESSAGE
echo "| Server_Name   |  Security Errata            |" >> $MESSAGE
echo "+---------------+-----------------------------+" >> $MESSAGE
for server in `more /opt/scripts/server.txt`
do
sec=`ssh $server yum updateinfo summary | grep 'Security' | grep -v 'Important|Moderate' | tail -1 | awk '{print $1}'`
echo "$server                $sec" >> $MESSAGE
done
echo "+---------------------------------------------+" >> $MESSAGE
mail -s "$SUBJECT" "$TO" < $MESSAGE
```

添加完上面的脚本后运行它。

```
# sh /opt/scripts/small-scripts/sec-errata.sh
```

你会看到下面的输出。

```
# cat /tmp/sec-up.txt

+---------------+-------------------+
| Server_Name   |  Security Errata  |
+---------------+-------------------+
server1
server2
server3                21
server4
+-----------------------------------+
```

添加下面的 cronjob 来每个月得到一份补丁合规性报告。

```
# crontab -e

@monthly /bin/bash /opt/scripts/system-uptime-script-1.sh
```

### 方法 1a:为 CentOS / RHEL 系统上的安全修补生成补丁合规性报告的 Bash 脚本

脚本会为你生成安全修补合规性报告。它会通过 CSV 文件发送邮件。

```
# vi /opt/scripts/small-scripts/sec-errata-1.sh

#!/bin/sh
echo "Server Name, Security Errata" > /tmp/sec-up.csv
for server in `more /opt/scripts/server.txt`
do
sec=`ssh $server yum updateinfo summary | grep 'Security' | grep -v 'Important|Moderate' | tail -1 | awk '{print $1}'`
echo "$server,  $sec" >> /tmp/sec-up.csv
done
echo "Patching Report for `date +"%B %Y"`" | mailx -s "Patching Report on `date`" -a /tmp/sec-up.csv [email protected]
rm /tmp/sec-up.csv
```

添加完上面的脚本后运行它。

```
# sh /opt/scripts/small-scripts/sec-errata-1.sh
```

你会看到下面的输出。

![][6]

### 方法 2:为 CentOS / RHEL 系统上的安全修补、bugfix、增强生成补丁合规性报告的 Bash 脚本

脚本会为你生成安全修补、bugfix、增强的补丁合规性报告。它会通过纯文本发送邮件。

```
# vi /opt/scripts/small-scripts/sec-errata-bugfix-enhancement.sh

#!/bin/sh
/tmp/sec-up.txt
SUBJECT="Patching Reports on "`date`""
MESSAGE="/tmp/sec-up.txt"
TO="[email protected]"
echo "+---------------+-------------------+--------+---------------------+" >> $MESSAGE
echo "| Server_Name   |  Security Errata  | Bugfix |  Enhancement        |" >> $MESSAGE
echo "+---------------+-------------------+--------+---------------------+" >> $MESSAGE
for server in `more /opt/scripts/server.txt`
do
sec=`ssh $server yum updateinfo summary | grep 'Security' | grep -v 'Important|Moderate' | tail -1 | awk '{print $1}'`
bug=`ssh $server yum updateinfo summary | grep 'Bugfix' | tail -1 | awk '{print $1}'`
enhance=`ssh $server yum updateinfo summary | grep 'Enhancement' | tail -1 | awk '{print $1}'`
echo "$server                $sec               $bug             $enhance" >> $MESSAGE
done
echo "+------------------------------------------------------------------+" >> $MESSAGE
mail -s "$SUBJECT" "$TO" < $MESSAGE
```

添加完上面的脚本后运行它。

```
# sh /opt/scripts/small-scripts/sec-errata-bugfix-enhancement.sh
```

你会看到下面的输出。

```
# cat /tmp/sec-up.txt

+---------------+-------------------+--------+---------------------+
| Server_Name   |  Security Errata  | Bugfix |  Enhancement        |
+---------------+-------------------+--------+---------------------+
server01                                16
server02                  5             16
server03                  21           266             20
server04                                16
+------------------------------------------------------------------+
```

添加下面的 cronjob 来每三个月得到补丁合规性报告。该脚本计划在一月、四月、七月、十月的 1 号运行。

```
# crontab -e

0 0 01 */3 * /bin/bash /opt/scripts/system-uptime-script-1.sh
```

### 方法 2a:为 CentOS / RHEL 系统上的安全修补、bugfix、增强生成补丁合规性报告的 Bash 脚本

脚本会为你生成安全修补、bugfix、增强的补丁合规性报告。它会通过 CSV 文件发送邮件。

```
# vi /opt/scripts/small-scripts/sec-errata-bugfix-enhancement-1.sh

#!/bin/sh
echo "Server Name, Security Errata,Bugfix,Enhancement" > /tmp/sec-up.csv
for server in `more /opt/scripts/server.txt`
do
sec=`ssh $server yum updateinfo summary | grep 'Security' | grep -v 'Important|Moderate' | tail -1 | awk '{print $1}'`
bug=`ssh $server yum updateinfo summary | grep 'Bugfix' | tail -1 | awk '{print $1}'`
enhance=`ssh $server yum updateinfo summary | grep 'Enhancement' | tail -1 | awk '{print $1}'`
echo "$server,$sec,$bug,$enhance" >> /tmp/sec-up.csv
done
echo "Patching Report for `date +"%B %Y"`" | mailx -s "Patching Report on `date`" -a /tmp/sec-up.csv [email protected]
rm /tmp/sec-up.csv
```

添加完上面的脚本后运行它。

```
# sh /opt/scripts/small-scripts/sec-errata-bugfix-enhancement-1.sh
```

你会看到下面的输出。

![][7]

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

via: https://www.2daygeek.com/bash-script-to-generate-patching-compliance-report-on-centos-rhel-systems/

作者:[Magesh Maruthamuthu][a]
选题:[lujun9972][b]
译者:[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi)
校对:[wxy](https://github.com/wxy)

本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译,[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出

[a]: https://www.2daygeek.com/author/magesh/
[b]: https://github.com/lujun9972
[1]: https://www.2daygeek.com/category/bash-script/
[2]: https://linux.cn/article-10938-1.html
[3]: https://www.2daygeek.com/install-security-updates-on-redhat-rhel-centos-system/
[4]: https://linux.cn/article-10960-1.html
[5]: https://www.2daygeek.com/category/shell-script/
[6]: https://www.2daygeek.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/bash-script-to-generate-patching-compliance-report-on-centos-rhel-systems-2.png
[7]: https://www.2daygeek.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/bash-script-to-generate-patching-compliance-report-on-centos-rhel-systems-3.png