[#]: collector: (lujun9972) [#]: translator: (geekpi) [#]: reviewer: (wxy) [#]: publisher: (wxy) [#]: url: (https://linux.cn/article-11580-1.html) [#]: subject: (Bash Script to Generate Patching Compliance Report on CentOS/RHEL Systems) [#]: via: (https://www.2daygeek.com/bash-script-to-generate-patching-compliance-report-on-centos-rhel-systems/) [#]: author: (Magesh Maruthamuthu https://www.2daygeek.com/author/magesh/) 在 CentOS/RHEL 系统上生成补丁合规报告的 Bash 脚本 ====== ![](https://img.linux.net.cn/data/attachment/album/201911/16/101428n1nsj74wifp4k1dz.jpg) 如果你运行的是大型 Linux 环境,那么你可能已经将 Red Hat 与 Satellite 集成了。如果是的话,你不必担心补丁合规性报告,因为有一种方法可以从 Satellite 服务器导出它。 但是,如果你运行的是没有 Satellite 集成的小型 Red Hat 环境,或者它是 CentOS 系统,那么此脚本将帮助你创建该报告。 补丁合规性报告通常每月创建一次或三个月一次,具体取决于公司的需求。根据你的需要添加 cronjob 来自动执行此功能。 此 [bash 脚本][1] 通常适合于少于 50 个系统运行,但没有限制。 保持系统最新是 Linux 管理员的一项重要任务,它使你的计算机非常稳定和安全。 以下文章可以帮助你了解有关在红帽 (RHEL) 和 CentOS 系统上安装安全修补程序的更多详细信息。 * [如何在 CentOS 或 RHEL 系统上检查可用的安全更新?][2] * [在 RHEL 和 CentOS 系统上安装安全更新的四种方法][3] * [在 RHEL 和 CentOS 上检查或列出已安装的安全更新的两种方法][4] 此教程中包含四个 [shell 脚本][5],请选择适合你的脚本。 ### 方法 1:为 CentOS / RHEL 系统上的安全修补生成补丁合规性报告的 Bash 脚本 此脚本只会生成安全修补合规性报告。它会通过纯文本发送邮件。 ``` # vi /opt/scripts/small-scripts/sec-errata.sh #!/bin/sh /tmp/sec-up.txt SUBJECT="Patching Reports on "date"" MESSAGE="/tmp/sec-up.txt" TO="[email protected]" echo "+---------------+-----------------------------+" >> $MESSAGE echo "| Server_Name | Security Errata |" >> $MESSAGE echo "+---------------+-----------------------------+" >> $MESSAGE for server in `more /opt/scripts/server.txt` do sec=`ssh $server yum updateinfo summary | grep 'Security' | grep -v 'Important|Moderate' | tail -1 | awk '{print $1}'` echo "$server $sec" >> $MESSAGE done echo "+---------------------------------------------+" >> $MESSAGE mail -s "$SUBJECT" "$TO" < $MESSAGE ``` 添加完上面的脚本后运行它。 ``` # sh /opt/scripts/small-scripts/sec-errata.sh ``` 你会看到下面的输出。 ``` # cat /tmp/sec-up.txt +---------------+-------------------+ | Server_Name | Security Errata | +---------------+-------------------+ server1 server2 server3 21 server4 +-----------------------------------+ ``` 添加下面的 cronjob 来每个月得到一份补丁合规性报告。 ``` # crontab -e @monthly /bin/bash /opt/scripts/system-uptime-script-1.sh ``` ### 方法 1a:为 CentOS / RHEL 系统上的安全修补生成补丁合规性报告的 Bash 脚本 脚本会为你生成安全修补合规性报告。它会通过 CSV 文件发送邮件。 ``` # vi /opt/scripts/small-scripts/sec-errata-1.sh #!/bin/sh echo "Server Name, Security Errata" > /tmp/sec-up.csv for server in `more /opt/scripts/server.txt` do sec=`ssh $server yum updateinfo summary | grep 'Security' | grep -v 'Important|Moderate' | tail -1 | awk '{print $1}'` echo "$server, $sec" >> /tmp/sec-up.csv done echo "Patching Report for `date +"%B %Y"`" | mailx -s "Patching Report on `date`" -a /tmp/sec-up.csv [email protected] rm /tmp/sec-up.csv ``` 添加完上面的脚本后运行它。 ``` # sh /opt/scripts/small-scripts/sec-errata-1.sh ``` 你会看到下面的输出。 ![][6] ### 方法 2:为 CentOS / RHEL 系统上的安全修补、bugfix、增强生成补丁合规性报告的 Bash 脚本 脚本会为你生成安全修补、bugfix、增强的补丁合规性报告。它会通过纯文本发送邮件。 ``` # vi /opt/scripts/small-scripts/sec-errata-bugfix-enhancement.sh #!/bin/sh /tmp/sec-up.txt SUBJECT="Patching Reports on "`date`"" MESSAGE="/tmp/sec-up.txt" TO="[email protected]" echo "+---------------+-------------------+--------+---------------------+" >> $MESSAGE echo "| Server_Name | Security Errata | Bugfix | Enhancement |" >> $MESSAGE echo "+---------------+-------------------+--------+---------------------+" >> $MESSAGE for server in `more /opt/scripts/server.txt` do sec=`ssh $server yum updateinfo summary | grep 'Security' | grep -v 'Important|Moderate' | tail -1 | awk '{print $1}'` bug=`ssh $server yum updateinfo summary | grep 'Bugfix' | tail -1 | awk '{print $1}'` enhance=`ssh $server yum updateinfo summary | grep 'Enhancement' | tail -1 | awk '{print $1}'` echo "$server $sec $bug $enhance" >> $MESSAGE done echo "+------------------------------------------------------------------+" >> $MESSAGE mail -s "$SUBJECT" "$TO" < $MESSAGE ``` 添加完上面的脚本后运行它。 ``` # sh /opt/scripts/small-scripts/sec-errata-bugfix-enhancement.sh ``` 你会看到下面的输出。 ``` # cat /tmp/sec-up.txt +---------------+-------------------+--------+---------------------+ | Server_Name | Security Errata | Bugfix | Enhancement | +---------------+-------------------+--------+---------------------+ server01 16 server02 5 16 server03 21 266 20 server04 16 +------------------------------------------------------------------+ ``` 添加下面的 cronjob 来每三个月得到补丁合规性报告。该脚本计划在一月、四月、七月、十月的 1 号运行。 ``` # crontab -e 0 0 01 */3 * /bin/bash /opt/scripts/system-uptime-script-1.sh ``` ### 方法 2a:为 CentOS / RHEL 系统上的安全修补、bugfix、增强生成补丁合规性报告的 Bash 脚本 脚本会为你生成安全修补、bugfix、增强的补丁合规性报告。它会通过 CSV 文件发送邮件。 ``` # vi /opt/scripts/small-scripts/sec-errata-bugfix-enhancement-1.sh #!/bin/sh echo "Server Name, Security Errata,Bugfix,Enhancement" > /tmp/sec-up.csv for server in `more /opt/scripts/server.txt` do sec=`ssh $server yum updateinfo summary | grep 'Security' | grep -v 'Important|Moderate' | tail -1 | awk '{print $1}'` bug=`ssh $server yum updateinfo summary | grep 'Bugfix' | tail -1 | awk '{print $1}'` enhance=`ssh $server yum updateinfo summary | grep 'Enhancement' | tail -1 | awk '{print $1}'` echo "$server,$sec,$bug,$enhance" >> /tmp/sec-up.csv done echo "Patching Report for `date +"%B %Y"`" | mailx -s "Patching Report on `date`" -a /tmp/sec-up.csv [email protected] rm /tmp/sec-up.csv ``` 添加完上面的脚本后运行它。 ``` # sh /opt/scripts/small-scripts/sec-errata-bugfix-enhancement-1.sh ``` 你会看到下面的输出。 ![][7] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- via: https://www.2daygeek.com/bash-script-to-generate-patching-compliance-report-on-centos-rhel-systems/ 作者:[Magesh Maruthamuthu][a] 选题:[lujun9972][b] 译者:[geekpi](https://github.com/geekpi) 校对:[wxy](https://github.com/wxy) 本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译,[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 [a]: https://www.2daygeek.com/author/magesh/ [b]: https://github.com/lujun9972 [1]: https://www.2daygeek.com/category/bash-script/ [2]: https://linux.cn/article-10938-1.html [3]: https://www.2daygeek.com/install-security-updates-on-redhat-rhel-centos-system/ [4]: https://linux.cn/article-10960-1.html [5]: https://www.2daygeek.com/category/shell-script/ [6]: https://www.2daygeek.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/bash-script-to-generate-patching-compliance-report-on-centos-rhel-systems-2.png [7]: https://www.2daygeek.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/bash-script-to-generate-patching-compliance-report-on-centos-rhel-systems-3.png