Linux网络统计工具/命令 ================================================================================ 我在Linux(基于CentOS 或者 Debian 的发行版)中该如何查看当前网络端口吞吐量的统计信息？在Linux操作系统中如何查看当前内核snmp计数器以及网络端口的统计信息？ ![](http://s0.cyberciti.org/images/category/old/networking.png) 你可以使用以下任何一个命令： ### nstat 命令 : 网络统计工具 ### 键入以下命令: # nstat 输出样例: #kernel IpInReceives 133243 0.0 IpInDelivers 133243 0.0 IpOutRequests 92904 0.0 IcmpOutErrors 97 0.0 IcmpOutTimeExcds 97 0.0 IcmpMsgOutType3 97 0.0 TcpActiveOpens 538 0.0 TcpEstabResets 56 0.0 TcpInSegs 129837 0.0 TcpOutSegs 89720 0.0 TcpRetransSegs 42 0.0 TcpOutRsts 704 0.0 UdpInDatagrams 3255 0.0 UdpNoPorts 97 0.0 UdpOutDatagrams 3270 0.0 Ip6OutNoRoutes 206 0.0 TcpExtTW 141 0.0 TcpExtDelayedACKs 508 0.0 TcpExtDelayedACKLocked 1 0.0 TcpExtDelayedACKLost 42 0.0 TcpExtTCPHPHits 117659 0.0 TcpExtTCPPureAcks 2158 0.0 TcpExtTCPHPAcks 605 0.0 TcpExtTCPSackRecovery 1 0.0 TcpExtTCPLossUndo 16 0.0 TcpExtTCPSackFailures 4 0.0 TcpExtTCPFastRetrans 1 0.0 TcpExtTCPSlowStartRetrans 3 0.0 TcpExtTCPTimeouts 33 0.0 TcpExtTCPDSACKOldSent 40 0.0 TcpExtTCPDSACKRecv 5 0.0 TcpExtTCPAbortOnData 120 0.0 TcpExtTCPAbortOnClose 55 0.0 TcpExtTCPSackShiftFallback 9 0.0 IpExtInOctets 180131682 0.0 IpExtOutOctets 7289106 0.0 ### ss 命令 : 查询套接字工具 ### 要查看统计汇总, 输入: # ss -s 输出样例: Total: 786 (kernel 804) TCP: 65 (estab 40, closed 7, orphaned 0, synrecv 0, timewait 6/0), ports 56 Transport Total IP IPv6 * 804 - - RAW 1 1 0 UDP 12 9 3 TCP 58 52 6 INET 71 62 9 FRAG 0 0 0 查看[ss 命令教程][1] 获取更多信息。 ### netstat 命令 : 不错的显示套接字信息的旧工具 ### 查看所有网络端口以及汇总信息表，输入： # netstat -i 输出样例: Kernel Interface table Iface MTU Met RX-OK RX-ERR RX-DRP RX-OVR TX-OK TX-ERR TX-DRP TX-OVR Flg eth0 1500 0 941022 0 0 0 688165 0 0 0 BMRU lo 16436 0 9304 0 0 0 9304 0 0 0 LRU ppp0 1496 0 3784 0 0 0 4177 0 0 0 MOPRU 查看每个协议的汇总统计信息，输入： # netstat -s 输出样例: Ip: 1092065 total packets received 0 forwarded 0 incoming packets discarded 1091681 incoming packets delivered 798913 requests sent out 895 dropped because of missing route 759 reassemblies required 375 packets reassembled ok Icmp: 17 ICMP messages received 0 input ICMP message failed. ICMP input histogram: timeout in transit: 8 echo replies: 9 1747 ICMP messages sent 0 ICMP messages failed ICMP output histogram: destination unreachable: 1730 echo request: 17 IcmpMsg: InType0: 9 InType11: 8 OutType3: 1730 OutType8: 17 Tcp: 4822 active connections openings 1129 passive connection openings 457 failed connection attempts 165 connection resets received 7 connections established 1062519 segments received 771394 segments send out 7158 segments retransmited 6 bad segments received. 2578 resets sent Udp: 20846 packets received 1730 packets to unknown port received. 0 packet receive errors 19242 packets sent UdpLite: TcpExt: 71 invalid SYN cookies received 8 resets received for embryonic SYN_RECV sockets 142 packets pruned from receive queue because of socket buffer overrun 2109 TCP sockets finished time wait in fast timer 84 packets rejects in established connections because of timestamp 19454 delayed acks sent 6 delayed acks further delayed because of locked socket Quick ack mode was activated 7306 times 1 packets directly queued to recvmsg prequeue. 1 bytes directly received in process context from prequeue 823921 packet headers predicted 24412 acknowledgments not containing data payload received 10150 predicted acknowledgments 242 times recovered from packet loss by selective acknowledgements 33 congestion windows recovered without slow start by DSACK 335 congestion windows recovered without slow start after partial ack 336 TCP data loss events TCPLostRetransmit: 35 1 timeouts after reno fast retransmit 156 timeouts after SACK recovery 116 timeouts in loss state 461 fast retransmits 5 forward retransmits 608 retransmits in slow start 2073 other TCP timeouts 62 SACK retransmits failed 43074 packets collapsed in receive queue due to low socket buffer 8499 DSACKs sent for old packets 101 DSACKs sent for out of order packets 308 DSACKs received 9 DSACKs for out of order packets received 427 connections reset due to unexpected data 122 connections reset due to early user close 28 connections aborted due to timeout TCPDSACKIgnoredOld: 3 TCPDSACKIgnoredNoUndo: 60 TCPSpuriousRTOs: 4 TCPSackShifted: 282 TCPSackMerged: 740 TCPSackShiftFallback: 1017 IpExt: InMcastPkts: 47 OutMcastPkts: 51 InBcastPkts: 1 InOctets: 1341508973 OutOctets: 72525352 InMcastOctets: 8649 OutMcastOctets: 7519 InBcastOctets: 328 查看 [netstat 命令教程][2] 获取更多信息。 ### ip / ifconfig 命令 : 配置或者显示网络端口信息 ### 键入以下命令: # ifconfig 或者 # /sbin/ifconfig 或者 # ifconfig eth0 ---------- eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr b8:ac:6f:65:31:e5 inet addr:192.168.1.5 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::baac:6fff:fe65:31e5/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:966334 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:703297 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:1186255648 (1.1 GiB) TX bytes:73968238 (70.5 MiB) Interrupt:17 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:9666 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:9666 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:1399578 (1.3 MiB) TX bytes:1399578 (1.3 MiB) ppp0 Link encap:Point-to-Point Protocol inet addr:10.1.11.70 P-t-P:10.0.31.18 Mask:255.255.255.255 UP POINTOPOINT RUNNING NOARP MULTICAST MTU:1496 Metric:1 RX packets:3784 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:4177 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:3 RX bytes:2400265 (2.2 MiB) TX bytes:275983 (269.5 KiB) 显示网络端口统计信息，输入： # ip -s link 输出样例: 1: lo: mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00 RX: bytes packets errors dropped overrun mcast 1444187 9960 0 0 0 0 TX: bytes packets errors dropped carrier collsns 1444187 9960 0 0 0 0 2: eth0: mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP qlen 1000 link/ether b8:ac:6f:65:31:e5 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff RX: bytes packets errors dropped overrun mcast 1221956483 991501 0 0 0 24 TX: bytes packets errors dropped carrier collsns 75623937 720272 0 0 0 0 3: wlan0: mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN qlen 1000 link/ether 00:21:6a:ca:9b:10 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff RX: bytes packets errors dropped overrun mcast 0 0 0 0 0 0 TX: bytes packets errors dropped carrier collsns 0 0 0 0 0 0 4: pan0: mtu 1500 qdisc noop state DOWN link/ether 4a:c7:5f:0e:8e:d8 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff RX: bytes packets errors dropped overrun mcast 0 0 0 0 0 0 TX: bytes packets errors dropped carrier collsns 0 0 0 0 0 0 8: ppp0: mtu 1496 qdisc pfifo_fast state UNKNOWN qlen 3 link/ppp RX: bytes packets errors dropped overrun mcast 2419881 3848 0 0 0 0 TX: bytes packets errors dropped carrier collsns 284151 4287 0 0 0 0 ### sar 命令: 显示网络统计信息 ### 输入以下命令 (你需要 [通过sysstat包安装并启用sar][3]): sar -n DEV Linux 2.6.32-220.2.1.el6.x86_64 (www.cyberciti.biz) Tuesday 13 March 2012 _x86_64_ (2 CPU) 12:00:01 CDT IFACE rxpck/s txpck/s rxkB/s txkB/s rxcmp/s txcmp/s rxmcst/s 12:10:01 CDT lo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 12:10:01 CDT eth0 127.13 121.32 95.45 18.34 0.00 0.00 0.00 12:10:01 CDT eth1 98.48 110.62 16.72 96.33 0.00 0.00 0.00 12:20:01 CDT lo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 12:20:01 CDT eth0 139.95 133.41 106.30 19.95 0.00 0.00 0.00 12:20:01 CDT eth1 110.65 121.85 18.14 107.13 0.00 0.00 0.00 12:30:01 CDT lo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 12:30:01 CDT eth0 147.85 132.49 115.78 20.45 0.00 0.00 0.00 12:30:01 CDT eth1 111.88 127.39 18.61 117.65 0.00 0.00 0.00 12:40:01 CDT lo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 12:40:01 CDT eth0 136.75 124.64 105.24 19.48 0.00 0.00 0.00 12:40:01 CDT eth1 101.65 115.32 17.58 104.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 12:50:01 CDT lo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 12:50:01 CDT eth0 131.45 125.69 96.49 19.58 0.00 0.00 0.00 12:50:01 CDT eth1 101.41 111.31 17.54 96.78 0.00 0.00 0.00 01:00:01 CDT lo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 01:00:01 CDT eth0 140.30 133.27 102.17 20.75 0.00 0.00 0.00 01:00:01 CDT eth1 106.90 119.51 18.53 103.09 0.00 0.00 0.00 01:10:01 CDT lo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 01:10:01 CDT eth0 152.03 127.74 125.56 19.85 0.00 0.00 0.00 01:10:01 CDT eth1 115.60 134.57 18.73 126.96 0.00 0.00 0.00 01:20:01 CDT lo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 01:20:01 CDT eth0 138.55 130.55 103.03 20.20 0.00 0.00 0.00 .... .. .... .. . 01:00:01 CDT eth1 156.82 169.48 28.83 138.49 0.00 0.00 0.00 01:10:01 CDT lo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 01:10:01 CDT eth0 215.19 194.82 163.11 30.99 0.00 0.00 0.00 01:10:01 CDT eth1 162.49 183.79 28.36 163.70 0.00 0.00 0.00 01:20:01 CDT lo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 01:20:01 CDT eth0 200.20 192.23 140.64 30.93 0.00 0.00 0.00 01:20:01 CDT eth1 153.60 166.96 27.32 140.26 0.00 0.00 0.00 01:30:01 CDT lo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 01:30:01 CDT eth0 111.98 103.58 79.12 16.52 0.00 0.00 0.48 01:30:01 CDT eth1 87.50 95.58 14.74 79.35 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average: IFACE rxpck/s txpck/s rxkB/s txkB/s rxcmp/s txcmp/s rxmcst/s Average: lo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average: eth0 211.21 196.20 156.18 31.20 0.00 0.00 0.01 Average: eth1 159.10 174.52 28.00 149.95 0.00 0.00 0.00 或者输入以下命令: # sar -n DEV 1 3 输出样例: Linux 2.6.32-220.2.1.el6.x86_64 (www.cyberciti.biz) Tuesday 13 March 2012 _x86_64_ (2 CPU) 01:44:03 CDT IFACE rxpck/s txpck/s rxkB/s txkB/s rxcmp/s txcmp/s rxmcst/s 01:44:04 CDT lo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 01:44:04 CDT eth0 161.70 154.26 105.20 26.63 0.00 0.00 0.00 01:44:04 CDT eth1 145.74 142.55 25.11 144.94 0.00 0.00 0.00 01:44:04 CDT IFACE rxpck/s txpck/s rxkB/s txkB/s rxcmp/s txcmp/s rxmcst/s 01:44:05 CDT lo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 01:44:05 CDT eth0 162.14 156.31 107.46 42.18 0.00 0.00 0.00 01:44:05 CDT eth1 135.92 138.83 39.38 104.92 0.00 0.00 0.00 01:44:05 CDT IFACE rxpck/s txpck/s rxkB/s txkB/s rxcmp/s txcmp/s rxmcst/s 01:44:06 CDT lo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 01:44:06 CDT eth0 303.92 293.14 272.91 37.40 0.00 0.00 0.00 01:44:06 CDT eth1 252.94 290.20 34.87 263.50 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average: IFACE rxpck/s txpck/s rxkB/s txkB/s rxcmp/s txcmp/s rxmcst/s Average: lo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average: eth0 210.37 202.34 163.19 35.66 0.00 0.00 0.00 Average: eth1 178.93 191.64 33.36 171.60 0.00 0.00 0.00 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- via: http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/network-statistics-tools-rhel-centos-debian-linux/ 作者：[nixCraft][a] 译者：[ictlyh](https://github.com/ictlyh) 校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy) 本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创翻译，[Linux中国](http://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 [a]:http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/about-us [1]:https://linux.cn/article-4372-1.html [2]:https://linux.cn/article-2434-1.html [3]:http://www.cyberciti.biz/tips/identifying-linux-bottlenecks-sar-graphs-with-ksar.html