[#]: collector: (lujun9972) [#]: translator: (wxy) [#]: reviewer: (wxy) [#]: publisher: (wxy) [#]: url: (https://linux.cn/article-10848-1.html) [#]: subject: (TLP – An Advanced Power Management Tool That Improve Battery Life On Linux Laptop) [#]: via: (https://www.2daygeek.com/tlp-increase-optimize-linux-laptop-battery-life/) [#]: author: (Magesh Maruthamuthu https://www.2daygeek.com/author/magesh/) TLP：一个可以延长 Linux 笔记本电池寿命的高级电源管理工具 ====== ![](https://img.linux.net.cn/data/attachment/album/201905/13/094413iu77i8w75t80tq7h.jpg) 笔记本电池是针对 Windows 操作系统进行了高度优化的，当我在笔记本电脑中使用 Windows 操作系统时，我已经意识到这一点，但对于 Linux 来说却不一样。 多年来，Linux 在电池优化方面取得了很大进步，但我们仍然需要做一些必要的事情来改善 Linux 中笔记本电脑的电池寿命。 当我考虑延长电池寿命时，我没有多少选择，但我觉得 TLP 对我来说是一个更好的解决方案，所以我会继续使用它。 在本教程中，我们将详细讨论 TLP 以延长电池寿命。 我们之前在我们的网站上写过三篇关于 Linux [笔记本电池节电工具][1] 的文章：[PowerTOP][2] 和 [电池充电状态][3]。 ### TLP [TLP][4] 是一款自由开源的高级电源管理工具，可在不进行任何配置更改的情况下延长电池寿命。 由于它的默认配置已针对电池寿命进行了优化，因此你可能只需要安装，然后就忘记它吧。 此外，它可以高度定制化，以满足你的特定要求。TLP 是一个具有自动后台任务的纯命令行工具。它不包含GUI。 TLP 适用于各种品牌的笔记本电脑。设置电池充电阈值仅适用于 IBM/Lenovo ThinkPad。 所有 TLP 设置都存储在 `/etc/default/tlp` 中。其默认配置提供了开箱即用的优化的节能设置。 以下 TLP 设置可用于自定义，如果需要，你可以相应地进行必要的更改。 ### TLP 功能 * 内核笔记本电脑模式和脏缓冲区超时 * 处理器频率调整，包括 “turbo boost”/“turbo core” * 限制最大/最小的 P 状态以控制 CPU 的功耗 * HWP 能源性能提示 * 用于多核/超线程的功率感知进程调度程序 * 处理器性能与节能策略（`x86_energy_perf_policy`） * 硬盘高级电源管理级别（APM）和降速超时（按磁盘） * AHCI 链路电源管理（ALPM）与设备黑名单 * PCIe 活动状态电源管理（PCIe ASPM） * PCI(e) 总线设备的运行时电源管理 * Radeon 图形电源管理（KMS 和 DPM） * Wifi 省电模式 * 关闭驱动器托架中的光盘驱动器 * 音频省电模式 * I/O 调度程序（按磁盘） * USB 自动暂停，支持设备黑名单/白名单（输入设备自动排除） * 在系统启动和关闭时启用或禁用集成的 wifi、蓝牙或 wwan 设备 * 在系统启动时恢复无线电设备状态（从之前的关机时的状态） * 无线电设备向导：在网络连接/断开和停靠/取消停靠时切换无线电 * 禁用 LAN 唤醒 * 挂起/休眠后恢复集成的 WWAN 和蓝牙状态 * 英特尔处理器的动态电源降低 —— 需要内核和 PHC-Patch 支持 * 电池充电阈值 —— 仅限 ThinkPad * 重新校准电池 —— 仅限 ThinkPad ### 如何在 Linux 上安装 TLP TLP 包在大多数发行版官方存储库中都可用，因此，使用发行版的 [包管理器][5] 来安装它。 对于 Fedora 系统，使用 [DNF 命令][6] 安装 TLP。 ``` $ sudo dnf install tlp tlp-rdw ``` ThinkPad 需要一些附加软件包。 ``` $ sudo dnf install https://download1.rpmfusion.org/free/fedora/rpmfusion-free-release-$(rpm -E %fedora).noarch.rpm $ sudo dnf install http://repo.linrunner.de/fedora/tlp/repos/releases/tlp-release.fc$(rpm -E %fedora).noarch.rpm $ sudo dnf install akmod-tp_smapi akmod-acpi_call kernel-devel ``` 安装 smartmontool 以显示 tlp-stat 中 S.M.A.R.T. 数据。 ``` $ sudo dnf install smartmontools ``` 对于 Debian/Ubuntu 系统，使用 [APT-GET 命令][7] 或 [APT 命令][8] 安装 TLP。 ``` $ sudo apt install tlp tlp-rdw ``` ThinkPad 需要一些附加软件包。 ``` $ sudo apt-get install tp-smapi-dkms acpi-call-dkms ``` 安装 smartmontool 以显示 tlp-stat 中 S.M.A.R.T. 数据。 ``` $ sudo apt-get install smartmontools ``` 当基于 Ubuntu 的系统的官方软件包过时时，请使用以下 PPA 存储库，该存储库提供最新版本。运行以下命令以使用 PPA 安装 TLP。 ``` $ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:linrunner/tlp $ sudo apt-get update $ sudo apt-get install tlp ``` 对于基于 Arch Linux 的系统，使用 [Pacman 命令][9] 安装 TLP。 ``` $ sudo pacman -S tlp tlp-rdw ``` ThinkPad 需要一些附加软件包。 ``` $ pacman -S tp_smapi acpi_call ``` 安装 smartmontool 以显示 tlp-stat 中 S.M.A.R.T. 数据。 ``` $ sudo pacman -S smartmontools ``` 对于基于 Arch Linux 的系统，在启动时启用 TLP 和 TLP-Sleep 服务。 ``` $ sudo systemctl enable tlp.service $ sudo systemctl enable tlp-sleep.service ``` 对于基于 Arch Linux 的系统，你还应该屏蔽以下服务以避免冲突，并确保 TLP 的无线电设备切换选项的正确操作。 ``` $ sudo systemctl mask systemd-rfkill.service $ sudo systemctl mask systemd-rfkill.socket ``` 对于 RHEL/CentOS 系统，使用 [YUM 命令][10] 安装 TLP。 ``` $ sudo yum install tlp tlp-rdw ``` 安装 smartmontool 以显示 tlp-stat 中 S.M.A.R.T. 数据。 ``` $ sudo yum install smartmontools ``` 对于 openSUSE Leap 系统，使用 [Zypper 命令][11] 安装 TLP。 ``` $ sudo zypper install TLP ``` 安装 smartmontool 以显示 tlp-stat 中 S.M.A.R.T. 数据。 ``` $ sudo zypper install smartmontools ``` 成功安装 TLP 后，使用以下命令启动服务。 ``` $ systemctl start tlp.service ``` ### 使用方法 #### 显示电池信息 ``` $ sudo tlp-stat -b 或 $ sudo tlp-stat --battery ``` ``` --- TLP 1.1 -------------------------------------------- +++ Battery Status /sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/manufacturer = SMP /sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/model_name = L14M4P23 /sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/cycle_count = (not supported) /sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/energy_full_design = 60000 [mWh] /sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/energy_full = 48850 [mWh] /sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/energy_now = 48850 [mWh] /sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/power_now = 0 [mW] /sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/status = Full Charge = 100.0 [%] Capacity = 81.4 [%] ``` #### 显示磁盘信息 ``` $ sudo tlp-stat -d 或 $ sudo tlp-stat --disk ``` ``` --- TLP 1.1 -------------------------------------------- +++ Storage Devices /dev/sda: Model = WDC WD10SPCX-24HWST1 Firmware = 02.01A02 APM Level = 128 Status = active/idle Scheduler = mq-deadline Runtime PM: control = on, autosuspend_delay = (not available) SMART info: 4 Start_Stop_Count = 18787 5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct = 0 9 Power_On_Hours = 606 [h] 12 Power_Cycle_Count = 1792 193 Load_Cycle_Count = 25775 194 Temperature_Celsius = 31 [°C] +++ AHCI Link Power Management (ALPM) /sys/class/scsi_host/host0/link_power_management_policy = med_power_with_dipm /sys/class/scsi_host/host1/link_power_management_policy = med_power_with_dipm /sys/class/scsi_host/host2/link_power_management_policy = med_power_with_dipm /sys/class/scsi_host/host3/link_power_management_policy = med_power_with_dipm +++ AHCI Host Controller Runtime Power Management /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:17.0/ata1/power/control = on /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:17.0/ata2/power/control = on /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:17.0/ata3/power/control = on /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:17.0/ata4/power/control = on ``` #### 显示 PCI 设备信息 ``` $ sudo tlp-stat -e 或 $ sudo tlp-stat --pcie ``` ``` $ sudo tlp-stat -e or $ sudo tlp-stat --pcie --- TLP 1.1 -------------------------------------------- +++ Runtime Power Management Device blacklist = (not configured) Driver blacklist = amdgpu nouveau nvidia radeon pcieport /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:00.0/power/control = auto (0x060000, Host bridge, skl_uncore) /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:01.0/power/control = auto (0x060400, PCI bridge, pcieport) /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:02.0/power/control = auto (0x030000, VGA compatible controller, i915) /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:14.0/power/control = auto (0x0c0330, USB controller, xhci_hcd) ...... ``` #### 显示图形卡信息 ``` $ sudo tlp-stat -g 或 $ sudo tlp-stat --graphics ``` ``` --- TLP 1.1 -------------------------------------------- +++ Intel Graphics /sys/module/i915/parameters/enable_dc = -1 (use per-chip default) /sys/module/i915/parameters/enable_fbc = 1 (enabled) /sys/module/i915/parameters/enable_psr = 0 (disabled) /sys/module/i915/parameters/modeset = -1 (use per-chip default) ``` #### 显示处理器信息 ``` $ sudo tlp-stat -p 或 $ sudo tlp-stat --processor ``` ``` --- TLP 1.1 -------------------------------------------- +++ Processor CPU model = Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-6700HQ CPU @ 2.60GHz /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_driver = intel_pstate /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_governor = powersave /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_available_governors = performance powersave /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_min_freq = 800000 [kHz] /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_max_freq = 3500000 [kHz] /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/energy_performance_preference = balance_power /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/energy_performance_available_preferences = default performance balance_performance balance_power power ...... /sys/devices/system/cpu/intel_pstate/min_perf_pct = 22 [%] /sys/devices/system/cpu/intel_pstate/max_perf_pct = 100 [%] /sys/devices/system/cpu/intel_pstate/no_turbo = 0 /sys/devices/system/cpu/intel_pstate/turbo_pct = 33 [%] /sys/devices/system/cpu/intel_pstate/num_pstates = 28 x86_energy_perf_policy: program not installed. /sys/module/workqueue/parameters/power_efficient = Y /proc/sys/kernel/nmi_watchdog = 0 +++ Undervolting PHC kernel not available. ``` #### 显示系统数据信息 ``` $ sudo tlp-stat -s 或 $ sudo tlp-stat --system ``` ``` --- TLP 1.1 -------------------------------------------- +++ System Info System = LENOVO Lenovo ideapad Y700-15ISK 80NV BIOS = CDCN35WW Release = "Manjaro Linux" Kernel = 4.19.6-1-MANJARO #1 SMP PREEMPT Sat Dec 1 12:21:26 UTC 2018 x86_64 /proc/cmdline = BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-4.19-x86_64 root=UUID=69d9dd18-36be-4631-9ebb-78f05fe3217f rw quiet resume=UUID=a2092b92-af29-4760-8e68-7a201922573b Init system = systemd Boot mode = BIOS (CSM, Legacy) +++ TLP Status State = enabled Last run = 11:04:00 IST, 596 sec(s) ago Mode = battery Power source = battery ``` #### 显示温度和风扇速度信息 ``` $ sudo tlp-stat -t 或 $ sudo tlp-stat --temp ``` ``` --- TLP 1.1 -------------------------------------------- +++ Temperatures CPU temp = 36 [°C] Fan speed = (not available) ``` #### 显示 USB 设备数据信息 ``` $ sudo tlp-stat -u 或 $ sudo tlp-stat --usb ``` ``` --- TLP 1.1 -------------------------------------------- +++ USB Autosuspend = disabled Device whitelist = (not configured) Device blacklist = (not configured) Bluetooth blacklist = disabled Phone blacklist = disabled WWAN blacklist = enabled Bus 002 Device 001 ID 1d6b:0003 control = auto, autosuspend_delay_ms = 0 -- Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub (hub) Bus 001 Device 003 ID 174f:14e8 control = auto, autosuspend_delay_ms = 2000 -- Syntek (uvcvideo) ...... ``` #### 显示警告信息 ``` $ sudo tlp-stat -w 或 $ sudo tlp-stat --warn ``` ``` --- TLP 1.1 -------------------------------------------- No warnings detected. ``` #### 状态报告及配置和所有活动的设置 ``` $ sudo tlp-stat ``` ``` --- TLP 1.1 -------------------------------------------- +++ Configured Settings: /etc/default/tlp TLP_ENABLE=1 TLP_DEFAULT_MODE=AC TLP_PERSISTENT_DEFAULT=0 DISK_IDLE_SECS_ON_AC=0 DISK_IDLE_SECS_ON_BAT=2 MAX_LOST_WORK_SECS_ON_AC=15 MAX_LOST_WORK_SECS_ON_BAT=60 ...... +++ System Info System = LENOVO Lenovo ideapad Y700-15ISK 80NV BIOS = CDCN35WW Release = "Manjaro Linux" Kernel = 4.19.6-1-MANJARO #1 SMP PREEMPT Sat Dec 1 12:21:26 UTC 2018 x86_64 /proc/cmdline = BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-4.19-x86_64 root=UUID=69d9dd18-36be-4631-9ebb-78f05fe3217f rw quiet resume=UUID=a2092b92-af29-4760-8e68-7a201922573b Init system = systemd Boot mode = BIOS (CSM, Legacy) +++ TLP Status State = enabled Last run = 11:04:00 IST, 684 sec(s) ago Mode = battery Power source = battery +++ Processor CPU model = Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-6700HQ CPU @ 2.60GHz /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_driver = intel_pstate /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_governor = powersave /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_available_governors = performance powersave ...... /sys/devices/system/cpu/intel_pstate/min_perf_pct = 22 [%] /sys/devices/system/cpu/intel_pstate/max_perf_pct = 100 [%] /sys/devices/system/cpu/intel_pstate/no_turbo = 0 /sys/devices/system/cpu/intel_pstate/turbo_pct = 33 [%] /sys/devices/system/cpu/intel_pstate/num_pstates = 28 x86_energy_perf_policy: program not installed. /sys/module/workqueue/parameters/power_efficient = Y /proc/sys/kernel/nmi_watchdog = 0 +++ Undervolting PHC kernel not available. +++ Temperatures CPU temp = 42 [°C] Fan speed = (not available) +++ File System /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode = 2 /proc/sys/vm/dirty_writeback_centisecs = 6000 /proc/sys/vm/dirty_expire_centisecs = 6000 /proc/sys/vm/dirty_ratio = 20 /proc/sys/vm/dirty_background_ratio = 10 +++ Storage Devices /dev/sda: Model = WDC WD10SPCX-24HWST1 Firmware = 02.01A02 APM Level = 128 Status = active/idle Scheduler = mq-deadline Runtime PM: control = on, autosuspend_delay = (not available) SMART info: 4 Start_Stop_Count = 18787 5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct = 0 9 Power_On_Hours = 606 [h] 12 Power_Cycle_Count = 1792 193 Load_Cycle_Count = 25777 194 Temperature_Celsius = 31 [°C] +++ AHCI Link Power Management (ALPM) /sys/class/scsi_host/host0/link_power_management_policy = med_power_with_dipm /sys/class/scsi_host/host1/link_power_management_policy = med_power_with_dipm /sys/class/scsi_host/host2/link_power_management_policy = med_power_with_dipm /sys/class/scsi_host/host3/link_power_management_policy = med_power_with_dipm +++ AHCI Host Controller Runtime Power Management /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:17.0/ata1/power/control = on /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:17.0/ata2/power/control = on /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:17.0/ata3/power/control = on /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:17.0/ata4/power/control = on +++ PCIe Active State Power Management /sys/module/pcie_aspm/parameters/policy = powersave +++ Intel Graphics /sys/module/i915/parameters/enable_dc = -1 (use per-chip default) /sys/module/i915/parameters/enable_fbc = 1 (enabled) /sys/module/i915/parameters/enable_psr = 0 (disabled) /sys/module/i915/parameters/modeset = -1 (use per-chip default) +++ Wireless bluetooth = on wifi = on wwan = none (no device) hci0(btusb) : bluetooth, not connected wlp8s0(iwlwifi) : wifi, connected, power management = on +++ Audio /sys/module/snd_hda_intel/parameters/power_save = 1 /sys/module/snd_hda_intel/parameters/power_save_controller = Y +++ Runtime Power Management Device blacklist = (not configured) Driver blacklist = amdgpu nouveau nvidia radeon pcieport /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:00.0/power/control = auto (0x060000, Host bridge, skl_uncore) /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:01.0/power/control = auto (0x060400, PCI bridge, pcieport) /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:00:02.0/power/control = auto (0x030000, VGA compatible controller, i915) ...... +++ USB Autosuspend = disabled Device whitelist = (not configured) Device blacklist = (not configured) Bluetooth blacklist = disabled Phone blacklist = disabled WWAN blacklist = enabled Bus 002 Device 001 ID 1d6b:0003 control = auto, autosuspend_delay_ms = 0 -- Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub (hub) Bus 001 Device 003 ID 174f:14e8 control = auto, autosuspend_delay_ms = 2000 -- Syntek (uvcvideo) Bus 001 Device 002 ID 17ef:6053 control = on, autosuspend_delay_ms = 2000 -- Lenovo (usbhid) Bus 001 Device 004 ID 8087:0a2b control = auto, autosuspend_delay_ms = 2000 -- Intel Corp. (btusb) Bus 001 Device 001 ID 1d6b:0002 control = auto, autosuspend_delay_ms = 0 -- Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub (hub) +++ Battery Status /sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/manufacturer = SMP /sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/model_name = L14M4P23 /sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/cycle_count = (not supported) /sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/energy_full_design = 60000 [mWh] /sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/energy_full = 51690 [mWh] /sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/energy_now = 50140 [mWh] /sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/power_now = 12185 [mW] /sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/status = Discharging Charge = 97.0 [%] Capacity = 86.2 [%] ``` -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- via: https://www.2daygeek.com/tlp-increase-optimize-linux-laptop-battery-life/ 作者：[Magesh Maruthamuthu][a] 选题：[lujun9972][b] 译者：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy) 校对：[wxy](https://github.com/wxy) 本文由 [LCTT](https://github.com/LCTT/TranslateProject) 原创编译，[Linux中国](https://linux.cn/) 荣誉推出 [a]: https://www.2daygeek.com/author/magesh/ [b]: https://github.com/lujun9972 [1]: https://www.2daygeek.com/check-laptop-battery-status-and-charging-state-in-linux-terminal/ [2]: https://www.2daygeek.com/powertop-monitors-laptop-battery-usage-linux/ [3]: https://www.2daygeek.com/monitor-laptop-battery-charging-state-linux/ [4]: https://linrunner.de/en/tlp/docs/tlp-linux-advanced-power-management.html [5]: https://www.2daygeek.com/category/package-management/ [6]: https://www.2daygeek.com/dnf-command-examples-manage-packages-fedora-system/ [7]: https://www.2daygeek.com/apt-get-apt-cache-command-examples-manage-packages-debian-ubuntu-systems/ [8]: https://www.2daygeek.com/apt-command-examples-manage-packages-debian-ubuntu-systems/ [9]: https://www.2daygeek.com/pacman-command-examples-manage-packages-arch-linux-system/ [10]: https://www.2daygeek.com/yum-command-examples-manage-packages-rhel-centos-systems/ [11]: https://www.2daygeek.com/zypper-command-examples-manage-packages-opensuse-system/